Azimuthal anisotropy of charged jet production in root s(NN)=2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions

We present measurements of the azimuthal dependence of charged jet production in central and semi-central root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the second harmonic event plane, quantified as nu(ch)(2) (jet). Jet finding is performed employing the anti-k(T) algorithm with a resolution parameter R = 0.2 using charged tracks from the ALICE tracking system. The contribution of the azimuthal anisotropy of the underlying event is taken into account event-by-event. The remaining (statistical) region-to-region fluctuations are removed on an ensemble basis by unfolding the jet spectra for different event plane orientations independently. Significant non-zero nu(ch)(2) (jet) is observed in semi-central collisions (30-50% centrality) for 20 <p(T)(ch) (jet) <90 GeV/c. The azimuthal dependence of the charged jet production is similar to the dependence observed for jets comprising both charged and neutral fragments, and compatible with measurements of the nu(2) of single charged particles at high p(T). Good agreement between the data and predictions from JEWEL, an event generator simulating parton shower evolution in the presence of a dense QCD medium, is found in semi-central collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Forward-central two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

Two-particle angular correlations between trigger particles in the forward pseudorapidity range (2.5 2GeV/c. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B. V.Peer reviewe

Event-shape engineering for inclusive spectra and elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV

Peer reviewe

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Pseudorapidity and transverse-momentum distributions of charged particles in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

The pseudorapidity (eta) and transverse-momentum (p(T)) distributions of charged particles produced in proton-proton collisions are measured at the centre-of-mass energy root s = 13 TeV. The pseudorapidity distribution in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1.8 is reported for inelastic events and for events with at least one charged particle in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1. The pseudorapidity density of charged particles produced in the pseudorapidity region vertical bar eta vertical bar <0.5 is 5.31 +/- 0.18 and 6.46 +/- 0.19 for the two event classes, respectively. The transverse-momentum distribution of charged particles is measured in the range 0.15 <p(T) <20 GeV/c and vertical bar eta vertical bar <0.8 for events with at least one charged particle in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1. The evolution of the transverse momentum spectra of charged particles is also investigated as a function of event multiplicity. The results are compared with calculations from PYTHIA and EPOS Monte Carlo generators. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Elliptic flow of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at forward rapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

The elliptic flow, v(2), of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at forward rapidity (2.5 <y <4) is measured in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)= 2.76TeVwith the ALICE detector at the LHC. The scalar product, two- and four-particle Q cumulants and Lee-Yang zeros methods are used. The dependence of the v(2) of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays on the collision centrality, in the range 0-40%, and on transverse momentum, p(T), is studied in the interval 3 <p(T)<10 GeV/c. A positive v(2) is observed with the scalar product and two-particle Q cumulants in semi-central collisions (10-20% and 20-40% centrality classes) for the p(T) interval from 3 to about 5GeV/c with a significance larger than 3 sigma, based on the combination of statistical and systematic uncertainties. The v(2) magnitude tends to decrease towards more central collisions and with increasing pT. It becomes compatible with zero in the interval 6 <p(T)<10 GeV/c. The results are compared to models describing the interaction of heavy quarks and open heavy-flavour hadrons with the high-density medium formed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Centrality evolution of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density over a broad pseudorapidity range in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

Peer reviewe

Four cases of equine bone lesions caused by Pythium insidiosum

PYTHIOSIS is usually a granulomatous disease of skin and subcutis in horses (Austwick and Copland 1974; Miller and Campbell 1982; Mendoza and Alfaro 1986), and cattle (Miller, Bruce and Archer 1985), of skin and intestinal tract in dogs (ONeill-Foil, Short, Fadek and Kunkle 1984; Miller 1985), and of skin and blood vessels in man (Sathapatayavongs et a1 1989). The disease is caused by Pythium insidiosum, a microorganism in the class Oomycetes, kingdom Protista (de Cock et al 1987). P. insidiosum was previously known under the names Hyphomyces destruens (Bridges and Emmons 1961). Pythium sp (Austwick and Copland 1974) and P gracile (Ichitani and Amemiya 1980). It is also known as swamp cancer, leeches, bursatte, summer sores, espundia and others (de Cock et a1 1987). Pythiosis in horses is usually associated with the end of the rainy season in tropical and subtropical countries. P. insidiosum develops its life cycle in stagnant water producing biflagellated zoospores that penetrate into the horse through open skin (Miller 1983). After two days, successful zoospora skin penetration, one may observe a swelling area of 5 mm in diameter that increasing rapidly until it reaches 100 to 200 mm in diameter within about two weeks. Lesions two to five months old are commonly reported in Costa Rica (Mendoza and Alfaro 1986), usually due to fruitless treatments. Surgical therapy is used widely to treat this disease (Miller 1981). However, it is not practical on limbs because critical anatomical structures are located in these areas (McMullan et a1 1977). Furthermore, lesions can reappear if the necrotic masses called 'leeches' or 'kunkers' which contain the hyphae of this oomycete microorganism, are not removed completely. Immunotherapy (vaccination with products derived from P. insidiosum) have been successful in Australia and Costa Rica to treat horses in early pythiosis, but not in chronic stages (Miller 1981; Mendoza and Alfaro 1986). In addition, treatment with Amphotericin B and iodine has also been reported (McMullan 1977), but Amphotericin B is expensive and time consuming; iodine treatment requires many hours of attention daily, and both have toxic side effects.La pitiosis suele ser una enfermedad granulomatosa de la piel y el subcutis en caballos (Austwick y Copland 1974; Miller y Campbell 1982; Mendoza y Alfaro 1986), y del ganado (Miller, Bruce y Archer 1985), de la piel y el tracto intestinal en perros (ONeill-Foil, Short, Fadek y Kunkle 1984; Miller 1985), y de la piel y los vasos sanguíneos en hombre (Sathapatayavongs et a1 1989). La enfermedad está causada por Pythium insidiosum, un microorganismo de la clase Oomycetes reino Protista (de Cock et al 1987). P. insidiosum se conocía anteriormente anteriormente con el nombre de Hyphomyces destruens (Bridges y Emmons 1961). Pythium sp (Austwick y Copland 1974) y P gracile (Ichitani y Amemiya 1980). También se le conoce como cáncer, sanguijuelas, bursatte, llagas de verano, espundia y otros (de Cock et a1 1987). La pitósis en los caballos suele estar asociada al final de la temporada de lluvias en los países tropicales y subtropicales. de las lluvias en los países tropicales y subtropicales. P. insidiosum desarrolla su ciclo vital en el agua estancada, produciendo zoosporas biflageladas que penetran en el caballo a través de la piel abierta (Miller 1983). Después de dos días, la penetración exitosa de la zoospora en la piel, se puede observar una área de hinchazón de 5 mm de diámetro que aumenta rápidamente hasta que alcanza de 100 a 200 mm de diámetro en unas dos semanas. Las lesiones de dos a cinco meses son comúnmente reportadas en Costa Rica (Mendoza y Alfaro 1986), generalmente debido a tratamientos infructuosos. La terapia quirúrgica se utiliza ampliamente para tratar esta enfermedad (Miller 1981). Sin embargo, no es práctica en las extremidades porque las estructuras anatómicas estructuras anatómicas críticas están localizadas en estas áreas (McMullan et a1 1977). Además, las lesiones pueden reaparecer si las masas necróticas llamadas "sanguijuelas" o "kunkers" que contienen las hifas de este microorganismo oomiceto, no se eliminan por completo. La inmunoterapia (vacunación con productos derivados de P. insidiosum) ha tenido éxito en Australia y Costa Rica para tratar a los caballos en las primeras etapas de la pitiosis, pero no en las etapas crónicas (Miller 1981; Mendoza y Alfaro 1986). Además, el tratamiento con anfotericina B y yodo (McMullan 1977), pero la Anfotericina B es cara y requiere mucho tiempo; el tratamiento con yodo requiere muchas horas de atención diaria, y ambos tienen efectos secundarios tóxicos efectos secundarios.Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica.Escuela de Medicina Veterinari

Histopathological description of ocular and nervous lesions in domestic rabbits infected with Encephalitozoon cuniculi : an overview.

Este artículo describe las lesiones, a nivel del sistema nervioso central y ojo, en conejos infectados con Encephalitozoon cuniculi. El análisis histopatológico, en conjunto con el uso de tinciones especiales de Ziehl-Neelsen y Gomori metamina-plata, es el método más sensible en el diagnóstico post mórtem. La presentación neurológica afecta a una gran mayoría de estos pacientes y se asocia a una encefalitis granulomatosa multifocal severa. En muchos de estos casos se puede observar esporas microsporidiales con tinciones especiales. La presentación ocular es menos frecuente que la nerviosa, se caracteriza por una uveítis facoclástica bilateral o unilateral.This paper describes ocular and central nervous system lesions of rabbits infected with Encephalitozoon cuniculi. The histopathological analysis, together with the use of special Ziehl-Neelsen and Gomori methenamine silver stains, is the most sensitive post-mortem diagnostic test. The neurologic lesion affects most of these patients and is related to severe multifocal granulomatous encephalitis. In many cases, microsporidial spores can be observed with the help of special stains. Ocular lesions are less frequent than nervous ones; they are characterized by a bilateral or unilateral phacoclastic uveitis.Escuela de Medicina Veterinari