Performance of soybean seedlings upon nutrient application by seed coating

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different seed coatings consisting of various combinations of three nutrients (calcium, magnesium and silicon) on two soybean cultivars (BRS 243 RR and CD 233 RR). Dolomitic limestone and aluminum silicate were chosen as the nutrient sources. Leaf area, plant height, shoots dry matter, crop growth rate, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate were the studied variables, evincing that the seed coating that comprised calcium, magnesium and silicon led to better performance in terms of growth rates 30 days after emergence. Significant differences in the response to the seed coatings were also observed between the two studied soybean genotypes

Measurement of the Lambda(b) cross section and the anti-Lambda(b) to Lambda(b) ratio with Lambda(b) to J/Psi Lambda decays in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

The Lambda(b) differential production cross section and the cross section ratio anti-Lambda(b)/Lambda(b) are measured as functions of transverse momentum pt(Lambda(b)) and rapidity abs(y(Lambda(b))) in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurements are based on Lambda(b) decays reconstructed in the exclusive final state J/Psi Lambda, with the subsequent decays J/Psi to an opposite-sign muon pair and Lambda to proton pion, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.9 inverse femtobarns. The product of the cross section times the branching ratio for Lambda(b) to J/Psi Lambda versus pt(Lambda(b)) falls faster than that of b mesons. The measured value of the cross section times the branching ratio for pt(Lambda(b)) > 10 GeV and abs(y(Lambda(b))) < 2.0 is 1.06 +/- 0.06 +/- 0.12 nb, and the integrated cross section ratio for anti-Lambda(b)/Lambda(b) is 1.02 +/- 0.07 +/- 0.09, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans – anteaters, sloths, and armadillos – have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset

Search for excited leptons in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV

This is the pre-print version of the final published paper that is available from the link belowResults are presented of a search for compositeness in electrons and muons using a data sample of pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy √s=7 TeV collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb−15.0 fb−1. Excited leptons (ℓ⁎) are assumed to be produced via contact interactions in conjunction with a standard model lepton and to decay via ℓ⁎→ℓγ, yielding a final state with two energetic leptons and a photon. The number of events observed in data is consistent with that expected from the standard model. The 95% confidence upper limits for the cross section for the production and decay of excited electrons (muons), with masses ranging from 0.6 to 2 TeV, are 1.48 to 1.24 fb (1.31 to 1.11 fb). Excited leptons with masses below 1.9 TeV are excluded for the case where the contact interaction scale equals the excited lepton mass. The limits on the cross sections are the most stringent ones published to date

Ganho genético decorrente da substituição anual de cultivares de milho Genetic gain as a result of corn cultivars annual substitution

Cultivares de milho (Zea mays) são normalmente substituídas alguns anos após a indicação para cultivo. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram desenvolver e avaliar um teste de hipótese para determinar se as substituições anuais de cultivares, nos ensaios de competição de cultivares indicadas de milho, resultam em ganho genético para produtividade de grãos. Os ensaios de competição de cultivares de milho superprecoce, precoce e normal foram conduzidos nos anos agrícolas de 1998/1999, 1999/2000, 2000/2001 e 2001/2002. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. Cada parcela foi formada por duas fileiras de 5 m de comprimento, com espaçamento de 0,8 m. O ganho genético, quanto à produtividade de grãos, foi estimado pelo método proposto por Vencovsky et al., e a significância verificada pelo teste de hipótese proposto neste trabalho. As substituições anuais de cultivares de milho são dinâmicas e nem sempre resultam em ganho genético para produtividade de grãos.<br>Corn (Zea mays) cultivars are usually replaced a few years after release. The objective of this study was to evaluate a proposed hypothesis test to determine if the annually cultivars replacements, in comparative field trials of recommended corn cultivars, result in genetic gain of grain yield. Comparative field trials of super early, early and normal corn cultivars were carried out during 1998/1999, 1999/2000, 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 grown seasons. The experimental design was a complete randomized block with three replications. Each plot had two rows of 5 m separated by 0.8 m. Grain yield genetic gain was estimated by the Vencovsky et al. method. Genetic gain significance was verified with the proposed hypothesis test. The annual replacement of corn cultivars is a dynamic process that not always result in genetic gain of grain yield

Genetic gains in physic nut using selection indexes

The objective of this work was to estimate genetic gains in physic nut (Jatropha curcas) using selection indexes and to establish the best selection strategy for the species. Direct and indirect selection was carried out using different selection indexes, totalizing 14 strategies. One hundred and seventy five families from the active germplasm bank of Embrapa Agroenergy, Brasília, Brazil, were analyzed in a randomized complete block design with two replicates. The evaluated traits were: grain yield; seeds per fruit; endosperm/seed ratio; seed weight, length, width, and thickness; branches per plant at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 m; plant height; stem diameter; canopy projection on rows and between lines; canopy volume; juvenility (days to the first flowering); and height of the first inflorescence. Evaluations were done during the second year of cultivation. The use of selection indexes is relevant to maximize the genetic gains in physic nut, favoring a better distribution of desirable traits. The multiplicative and restrictive indexes are considered the most promising for selection

Search for large extra dimensions in dimuon and dielectron events in pp collisions at s=7\sqrt{s} = 7 TeV

Results are presented from a search for large, extra spatial dimensions in events with either two isolated muons or two isolated electrons. The data are from proton-proton interactions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The size of the data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of approximately 2 inverse femtobarns. The observed dimuon and dielectron mass spectra are found to be consistent with standard-model expectations. Depending on the number of extra dimensions, the 95% confidence level limits from the combined dimuon and dielectron channels range from Ms > 2.4 TeV to Ms > 3.8 TeV, where Ms characterizes the scale for the onset of quantum gravity.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters