Experimental Study of electron acceleration by plasma beat-waves with Nd lasers

International audienceWe have observed the acceleration of electrons by a beat-wave generated in a deuterium plasma by two Nd-YAG and Nd-YLF laser wavelengths. Electrons injected at an energy of 3.3 MeV are observed to be accelerated up to 4.7 MeV after the plasma. The energy gain is compatible with a peak electric field of the order of 1.2 GV/m. The experiment has been performed with different injection energies, from 2.5 to 3.3 MeV, with different plasma dimensions, and with different laser intensitie

CMS physics technical design report : Addendum on high density QCD with heavy ions

Peer reviewe

Energy Resolution Performance of the CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter

The energy resolution performance of the CMS lead tungstate crystal electromagnetic calorimeter is presented. Measurements were made with an electron beam using a fully equipped supermodule of the calorimeter barrel. Results are given both for electrons incident on the centre of crystals and for electrons distributed uniformly over the calorimeter surface. The electron energy is reconstructed in matrices of 3 times 3 or 5 times 5 crystals centred on the crystal containing the maximum energy. Corrections for variations in the shower containment are applied in the case of uniform incidence. The resolution measured is consistent with the design goals

A Real Time Electronics Emulator with Realistic Data Generation for Reception Tests of the CMS ECAL Front-End Boards

The CMS [1] electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) [2] uses 3 132 Front-End boards (FE) performing both trigger and data readout functions. Prior to their integration at CERN, the FE boards have to be validated by dedicated test bench systems. The final one, called "XFEST" (eXtended Front-End System Test) and for which the present developments have been performed, is located at Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet. In this contribution, a solution is described to efficiently test a large set of complex electronics boards characterized by a large number of input ports and a high throughput data rate. To perform it, an algorithm to simulate the Very Front End signals has been emulated. The project firmwares use VHDL embedded into XILINX Field Programmable Gate Array circuits (FPGA). This contribution describes the solutions developed in order to create a realistic digital input patterns real-time emul ator working at 40 MHz. The implementation of a real time comparison of the FE output streams as well as the test bench will be also presented

CMS ECAL Front-End boards: the XFEST project

Abstract The Front-End (FE) boards are part of the On-detector electronics system of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL). Their digital functionalities and properties are tested by a dedicated test bench located at Laboratoire LeprinceRinguet, prior to the board integration in the CMS detector at CERN. XFEST, acronym for eXtended Front-End System Test, is designed to perform tests that can last several hours, on up to 12 FE boards in parallel. The system is designed to deliver 80 tested boards per week. This contribution presents the XFEST set-up and the results of the measurements on FE boards

CMS ECAL Front-End boards: the XFEST project

The Front-End (FE) boards are part of the On-detector electronics system of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL). Their digital functionalities and properties are tested by a dedicated test bench located at Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, prior to the board integration in the CMS detector at CERN. XFEST, acronym for eXtended Front-End System Test, is designed to perform tests that can last several hours, on up to 12 FE boards in parallel. The system is designed to deliver 80 tested boards per week. This contribution presents the XFEST set-up and the results of the measurements on FE boards

Tests of the Boards Generating the CMS ECAL Trigger Primitives: from the On-Detector Electronics to the Off-Detector Electronics System

The trigger architecture of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter is physically organized in two sub-systems: the On-Detector front-end electronics and the Off-Detector electronics sub-system located in the electronics cavern. The trigger primitives of the electromagnetic Level-1 trigger are partially generated by the Front-End boards and completed by the Trigger Concentrator Card belonging to the Off-detector sub-system. Both boards will be produced and tested in 2004 and 2005 for the barrel. This paper puts emphasis on the testing procedure applied to the two boards

The T2K experiment

The T2K experiment is a long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. Its main goal is to measure the last unknown lepton sector mixing angle θ13 by observing νe appearance in a νμ beam. It also aims to make a precision measurement of the known oscillation parameters, and sin22θ23, via νμ disappearance studies. Other goals of the experiment include various neutrino cross-section measurements and sterile neutrino searches. The experiment uses an intense proton beam generated by the J-PARC accelerator in Tokai, Japan, and is composed of a neutrino beamline, a near detector complex (ND280), and a far detector (Super-Kamiokande) located 295 km away from J-PARC. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the instrumentation aspect of the T2K experiment and a summary of the vital information for each subsystem