Process orientation and information management : the case of achieving success in the pharmaceutical industry

In today’s business environment, organisations have recognised the importance of information. Consequently the use of IT is regarded as a primary means of enhancing business improvement. This has resulted in a number organisations focusing on different means of structuring, and process orientation is considered to be the most suitable option. This paper explores issues related with managing information and the implications on key operational issues. Various concerns are exemplified by drawing examples from the pharmaceutical industry

The timing of evaluation of genebank accessions and the effects of biotechnology:

The lack of ex-ante evaluation of germplasm in genebanks has been the single most prevalent and long-standing complaint of plant breeders about the management of genebanks. Advances in biotechnology offer the possibility of faster, cheaper, and more efficient evaluation methodologies. Will these new technologies favor ex-post evaluation, as some expect, or will it lead to more ex-ante evaluation? Will it also lead to earlier development of varieties with disease resistance traits in anticipation of actual infestations? Will the prospect of further advances in biotechnology favor delay of evaluation and development? This paper addresses these questions in the case of evaluation of germplasm for resistance to a disease.Gene banks, Plant., Biotechnology.,

AN EVALUATION OF THE BENEFITS AND DIFFICULTIES FACING GHANAIAN SMES IN IMPLEMENTING CLOUD COMPUTING

ABSTRACT The advantages and challenges of cloud computing services adoption by Small and Medium Size Enterprises (SMEs) in the Kumasi Metropolis are examined in this paper. SMEs in Ghana lack adequate information technology skills for record keeping and information management, marketing and processing. It will be beneficial for SMEs in Ghana to use cloud conjugating for enable productivity, dependability, cost savings, and corporate cooperation. Although, the benefits of cloud computing are enormous, due to a number of obstacles, the widespread implementation of cloud computing among SMEs is slow and discouraging. The impact of the use of cloud computing on the performance of the organization has also been thoroughly explored in this study. Using a combination of methods. the study gathered quantitative data using questionnaires. whereas interview guides were used to gather qualitative data. In assessing the effects of the use of cloud computing on the firm\u27s performance, a simple linear regression was used to ascertain the correlation between them. The findings establish that cloud computing has a major influence on business performance. Data were gathered in the Kumasi Metropolitan Area

The operational definition of managerial roles

Bibliography: leaf 280-294.This study aims for the first time to operationalise managerial behaviour and to produce a set of empirically-based statements of the differences in behaviour which determine managerial effectiveness or failure

Performance pay : objectives, operation and outcomes

Perfonnance pay has been identified as a key element of modem human resource strategy but published field research has been limited. This thesis investigated the objectives, methods of operation and outcomes of several performance pay schemes through the creation and testing of several hypotheses. Evidence was gathered through a longitudinal study in one organisation augmented by case studies in two further organisations. The findings showed that organisations demonstrated a mix ofoperational and cultural objectives for introducing performance pay while the desired outcomes were to promote cultural change, internal equity and increased motivation. However, the findings from the longitudinal survey showed that the desired outcomes were not met, as viewed by the employees. Motivation was not increased, nor did the scheme help to change culture while pay satisfaction remained at a low level, although the employee response to the scheme showed a limited improvement after operating for one year. Positive employee viewpoints were highly correlated to the level of communication and satisfaction with pay. In terms of the influence of employee characteristics, women and non-union members were significantly more positive than men and union members. A cluster analysis showed that negative views were more strongly held than positive views which statistically influenced the outcomes and employees with such negative views had a 'bundle' of characteristics, namely middle grade males with long service and union membership. This research has made a number of contributions. It has added to the limited number of UK field studies and its longitudinal nature provides unique fmdings. It has provided data on the launch and initial period of operation ofa perfonnance pay scheme, as perceived by the employees. It has shown further evidence of strategic use of performance pay schemes with a newly constructed model. The findings have important implications for management, especially in relation to the identification of key supporter groups and opponents to the scheme and the issues that employees regard as key to the success of the scheme

Knowledge Sharing in International Business: A Literature Review Study

In an era where global trade has developed along with the massive number and expansion of knowledge, the necessity of exchanging knowledge and international business has continuously increased. This is in light of international business organizations’ intellectual capital, which propels them into global competition and provides them with a competitive advantage if utilized properly. The purpose of this research is to examine and assess two topics, namely, knowledge sharing and international business, as well as their location in research studies, importance, definitions and histories of those terms, and research interests for each one of these two dimensions. The review focused on the topic of knowledge sharing in international business organizations, with analysis and discussion of the most important research, studies, and trends along three axes: knowledge sharing, international business organizations, and earlier studies. The study concluded that knowledge sharing is an essential aspect of knowledge management since it connects the previous processes of acquiring knowledge capital to the subsequent processes of application and practice, which is especially important for international business organizations that need to benefit from knowledge in a variety of ways. In addition to the scarcity of studies that coupled knowledge sharing and international business, there is a great scope for developing models and applications in this field of study. We were unable to find studies that combined the two themes through research, but they were implicitly addressed within the research to highlight the importance of knowledge sharing in international business, and this is what motivates more research in this field due to the shortcoming of studies on the subject. It seemed to be that the essential element to organizational innovation is knowledge development and sharing

Entrepreneurial Orientation, Management Commitment, And Human Capital: The Internationalization Of SMEs In India

Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) make sizeable contributions to the economic success of nations. Research concerning the internationalization of SMEs is available in the context of developed economies but less is can be found dealing specifically with the entrepreneurial behavior and international expansion of SMEs in emerging markets such as India. This research extends the literature addressing the relationships surrounding the internationalization of SMEs in India as related to entrepreneurial behavior, firm resources, and commitment to internationalization. Entrepreneurial orientation, a commitment to internationalization, and the ability to leverage human capital influence the international success of Indian SMEs, based on the analysis of data collected from 150 Indian SMEs

HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT: KNOWN AND UNKNOWN ASPECTS IN THE LITERATURE

The relationship between Human Resources Management Practices (HRMP) and employee engagement has gained significant attention form scholars. Despite the importance of HRMP and its influence on employee engagement in the industry, little research has been done in terms of cultivating a systematic literature review in the subject area. Therefore, this paper aims to present a systematic literature review of articles based on forty highly ranked journals during the period of 1990 to 2017. The paper investigates the historical developments of Human Resources Management (HRM), HRMP, and employee engagement in order to present the conceptual evolvement and elaboration of the relationship between HRMP, and employee engagement. The literature highlighted that properly implementing HRMP influences employee engagement, and how this relationship positively affects the overall performance. In this term, a proposed framework is presented. Finally, the research limitations and avenues for future researchers are provided