Interpreting Shijia Buzu(室家不足) in the Book of Songs·Shaonan·Hang Lu through the Lens of Interchangeable Uses of Zu(足) and Shu(疋)

The characters 足 and 疋 have the same etymology and were occasionally used interchangeably. It was during the Warring States period that they began to be used separately. In Chapter 室家不足 of the Book of Songs, 室家 should be interpreted as 家庭, and 足 is equivalent to 疋, which is pronounced as 雅 and means 正. Therefore, 室家不足 refers to the illegitimacy of the family relationship

Table of Contents

Table of Contents for the Chinese Language Teaching Methodology and Technology Journal, Volume 6, Issue 2

A Comparative Analysis of the Origin and Formation Between Chinese Characters and English Alphabets

This research is based on the framework of social constructivism, utilizing the principle of Human Universals as a methodology to compare the similarities and differences between the ideation and formation methods of Chinese characters and English alphabets. Through comparative analysis of the ideation of English letters (pictogramme) and the origin of Chinese characters, known as the Six Categories Theory, we discover their alignment in terms of social, traditional, and cultural aspects. This suggests that different ethnic groups share common features in terms of life experience, learning cognitive development, and thinking habits. This study also finds that the origins of English letters and Chinese characters share similar linguistic features in their methods of constructing letters/characters, such as pictographic, ideographic, and semantic characteristics. Exploring these commonalities contributes to promoting learning and communication between Chinese and English characters. Additionally, by focusing on socio-cultural aspects, traditional customs, and cognitive learning, this study aims to break away from the traditional linguistic research approach that solely focuses on language differences. This provides a broader perspective and richer dimensions for Chinese and English language learning, facilitating the development of cross-linguistic and cross-cultural communication. Keywords：Origin, Chinese Characters; English Alphabets; Philosophical Views; Formation; Cultural Beliefs; Social Conventions; Cross-linguistic and cross-cultural communicatio

Bringing Calligraphy Art Back to Writing – An Exploration of Calligraphy Education for Chinese Beginners

Abstract: Chinese calligraphy, often recognized as an iconic representation of Asian culture, is widely regarded as a traditional art form with over thousands of years history. However, it is often overlooked that, at its core, calligraphy is a method of writing. In the process of learning about Asian art, culture, and character history through Chinese calligraphy, we can also introduce Chinese beginners to the art of writing Chinese characters. This integration of traditional Chinese calligraphy as a means of writing Chinese characters with language learning offers numerous advantages for novice learners. It engages their senses of sight, hearing, speech, and touch simultaneously, preventing the tedium associated with mechanical character copying. Furthermore, it significantly enhances their understanding of stroke order and character structure, while also alleviating anxiety related to Chinese character acquisition

Facilitating Chinese Language Education with Chinese Calligraphy

Chinese Calligraphy, a treasure of traditional Chinese culture, maintains considerable significance within the realm of global Chinese education. This article thoroughly scrutinizes the inherent value of calligraphy courses in overseas Chinese education. Primarily, it delves into the profound impact calligraphy classes have on students\u27 Chinese language proficiency, intercultural cognitive skills, and aesthetic appreciation. Furthermore, this article elucidates the lamentable scarcity of calligraphy, while simultaneously revealing a range of strategic solutions to address this pressing issue. These strategies encompass comprehensive teacher training, optimization of teaching methodologies, creation of comprehensive calligraphy course materials and resources, as well as the procurement of substantial systematic support

Task-based Language Teaching in the Chinese Classroom

This article discusses Task-based Language Teaching (TBLT) implemented in the Chinese classroom. TBLT involves a three-phase pedagogical sequence, including pre-task, on-task, and post-task. Different task-based learning activities are designed to promote learners’ language acquisition through the performance of tasks. Learners are engaged in interactive and collaborative communication to accomplish meaningful and relevant real life tasks. This article explores the application of one TBLT unit in Chinese for learners’ language development in terms of both fluency and accuracy

Beyond Response: Reimagining the Legal Academy\u27s Role in Disaster Recovery and Preparedness

This Article proposes expanding the legal academy’s role in responding to disasters and emergencies, specifically through creating disaster clinics that take a community-based lawyering approach. The Article is one of the first to identify the need for community-based disaster legal clinical education that goes beyond the immediate response phase. It also proposes creating a disaster legal pipeline from the clinic through post-graduation employment. The Article furthers the literature’s discussion of the need for sustained disaster legal education. As the global pandemic caused by COVID-19 coronavirus continues to impact vulnerable populations and the frequency of natural disasters continues to increase, this Article provides a blueprint to law school faculty and administrators on the process of starting a new clinic or redesigning an existing clinic into a long-term disaster-related clinic. Additionally, the Article provides a timeline of disaster legislation that has evolved to provide a robust background for seminar courses. The Article draws from the author’s expertise in creating two disaster clinics and multiple disaster and environmental justice courses. The Article looks at the creation of the disaster legal clinic, examines the evolution of the popular Equal Justice Works disaster corps, and provides best practices for designing the course. The Article provides insight on the distinctive ability of law schools to foster community-based solutions, as demonstrated through the lens of successful clinics

Hybrid FES-Exoskeleton Control: Using MPC to Distribute Actuation for Elbow and Wrist Movements

Introduction: Individuals who have suffered a cervical spinal cord injury prioritize the recovery of upper limb function for completing activities of daily living. Hybrid FES-exoskeleton systems have the potential to assist this population by providing a portable, powered, and wearable device; however, realization of this combination of technologies has been challenging. In particular, it has been difficult to show generalizability across motions, and to define optimal distribution of actuation, given the complex nature of the combined dynamic system. Methods: In this paper, we present a hybrid controller using a model predictive control (MPC) formulation that combines the actuation of both an exoskeleton and an FES system. The MPC cost function is designed to distribute actuation on a single degree of freedom to favor FES control effort, reducing exoskeleton power consumption, while ensuring smooth movements along different trajectories. Our controller was tested with nine able-bodied participants using FES surface stimulation paired with an upper limb powered exoskeleton. The hybrid controller was compared to an exoskeleton alone controller, and we measured trajectory error and torque while moving the participant through two elbow flexion/extension trajectories, and separately through two wrist flexion/extension trajectories. Results: The MPC-based hybrid controller showed a reduction in sum of squared torques by an average of 48.7 and 57.9% on the elbow flexion/extension and wrist flexion/extension joints respectively, with only small differences in tracking accuracy compared to the exoskeleton alone. Discussion: To realize practical implementation of hybrid FES-exoskeleton systems, the control strategy requires translation to multi-DOF movements, achieving more consistent improvement across participants, and balancing control to more fully leverage the muscles\u27 capabilities

Yes on Issue 1 - Festooning Ohio Constitution with All Manner of Special-Interest Provisions Needs to Stop

Issue 1 will make it more difficult for special interests to claim a privileged place in our society. And for those of us who may want to change our government’s structure, or to create new rights, all well and good, but for something that important, let us make sure we have a broader consensus among the people. Otherwise, do it the old-fashioned democratic way: Pass a law