Accessing the Internet through Moving Networks

Poster at IST Mobile & Wireless Communications Summit 2007, Budapest, Hungary, 1-5 July 2007.The success of cellular communications networks shows the interest of users in mobility. Host mobility support in IP networks is a first step in the adaptation of these networks to the needs of users in this field. But, there exists also the need of supporting the movement of a complete network that changes its point of attachment to the fixed infrastructure. This paper describes the architecture designed in the EU DAIDALOS II project to provide Internet access through moving networks. The designed moving networks architecture support the following main features: Route Optimisation, Multicast traffic delivery, security and authentication integration, end-to-end QoS and interaction with Localised Mobility Management solutions.Publicad

Flexible connectivity and QoE/QoS management for 5G networks: the 5G NORMA view

Proceeding of: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC)The goal envisioned by 5G NORMA is to develop a novel, adaptive and future-proof 5G mobile network architecture. In order to fulfill these requirements, 5G NORMA envisions an extremely flexible architecture to be deployed in a multi-tier distributed data-center. In this paper we focus on the novel mobility management schemes, QoE/QoS, Control and Orchestration mechanisms that are being developed in 5G NORMA. These modules, that follow the software-defined principle, jointly optimize core and access functions. The final result is a modular architecture that adapts to the requirements of very heterogeneous services, while allowing multiple tenants to share network resources among them, providing hence the flexible connectivity needed by future 5G Networks.This work has been performed in the framework of the H2020-ICT-2014-2 project 5G NORMA

Supporting Carrier Grade Services over Wireless Mesh Networks: the approach of the European FP-7 STREP CARMEN

CARMEN is a three-year Specific Targeted Research Project (STREP) funded by the European Commission within the 7th Framework Program. The CARMEN access network will complement existing access technologies by exploiting low cost mesh networking techniques, thus minimizing deployment and maintenance costs. The CARMEN architecture introduces an abstraction layer that hides the specifics of the underlying access technology providing an abstract interface on top of which higher layers can be easily developed. This allows for the integration of current and future heterogeneous wireless technologies to provide scalable and efficient mobile ubiquitous Internet access, able to adapt to different environments and user requirements. Following these goals, CARMEN aims to define, study and implement link and technology abstractions, mobility support, and quality of service. The architecture also includes advanced monitoring features that allow for dynamic self-configuration, thereby reducing the installation and operational costs.European Community's Seventh Framework ProgramPublicad

Network slicing with flexible mobility and QoS/QoE support for 5G networks

Proceeding of: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications. Workshops (ICC Workshops)Network slicing is an emerging area of research, featuring a logical arrangement of resources to operate as individual networks, thus allowing for massively customizable service and tenant requirements. The focus of this paper is to present the design of a flexible 5G architecture for network slicing, building on SDN and NFV technologies as enablers. More specifically, we place the emphasis on techniques that provide efficient utilization of substrate resources for network slicing, ultimately optimizing network performance. The key areas of consideration in our architecture revolve around flexible service-tailored mobility, service-aware QoS/QoE control as well as network-wide orchestrationThis research work has been performed in the framework of H2020-ICT-2014-2 project 5G NORMA

Prevention of non-ventilator-associated hospital-acquired pneumonia in Switzerland: a type 2 hybrid effectiveness–implementation trial

Background: Non-ventilator-associated hospital-acquired pneumonia (nvHAP) is a frequent, but under-researched infection. We aimed to simultaneously test an nvHAP prevention intervention and a multifaceted implementation strategy. Methods: In this single-centre, type 2 hybrid effectiveness-implementation study, all patients of nine surgical and medical departments at the University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland, were included and surveyed over three study periods: baseline (14-33 months, depending on department), implementation (2 months), and intervention (3-22 months, depending on department). The five-measure nvHAP prevention bundle consisted of oral care, dysphagia screening and management, mobilisation, discontinuation of non-indicated proton-pump inhibitors, and respiratory therapy. The implementation strategy comprised department-level implementation teams who conducted and locally adapted the core strategies of education, training, and changing infrastructure. Intervention effectiveness on the primary outcome measure of nvHAP incidence rate was quantified using a generalised estimating equation method in a Poisson regression model, with hospital departments as clusters. Implementation success scores and determinants were derived longitudinally through semistructured interviews with health-care workers. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03361085). Findings: Between Jan 1, 2017, and Feb 29, 2020, 451 nvHAP cases occurred during 361 947 patient-days. nvHAP incidence rate was 1·42 (95% CI 1·27-1·58) per 1000 patient-days in the baseline period and 0·90 (95% CI 0·73-1·10) cases per 1000 patient-days in the intervention period. The intervention-to-baseline nvHAP incidence rate ratio, adjusted for department and seasonality, was 0·69 (95% CI 0·52-0·91; p=0·0084). Implementation success scores correlated with lower nvHAP rate ratios (Pearson correlation -0·71, p=0·034). Determinants of implementation success were positive core business alignment, high perceived nvHAP risk, architectural characteristics promoting physical proximity of health-care staff, and favourable key individual traits. Interpretation: The prevention bundle led to a reduction of nvHAP. Knowledge of the determinants of implementation success might help in upscaling nvHAP prevention

SDN for 5G Mobile Networks: NORMA perspective

Proceeding of: 11th EAI International Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks (CROWNCOM 2016)To build a flexible and an adaptable architecture network supporting variety of services and their respective requirements, 5G NORMA introduced a network of functions based architecture breaking the major design principles followed in the current network of entities based architecture. This revolution exploits the advantages of the new technologies like Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) in conjunction with the network slicing and multitenancy concepts. In this paper we focus on the concept of Software Defined for Mobile Network Control (SDM-C) network: its definition, its role in controlling the intra network slices resources, its specificity to be QoE aware thanks to the QoE/QoS monitoring and modeling component and its complementarity with the orchestration component called SDM-O. To operate multiple network slices on the same infrastructure efficiently through controlling resources and network functions sharing among instantiated network slices, a common entity named SDM-X is introduced. The proposed design brings a set of new capabilities to make the network energy efficient, a feature that is discussed through some use casesThis work has been performed in the framework of the H2020-ICT-2014-2 project 5G NORMA

Динамические тенденции в становлении предмета лингвоэкологии

Экологизация всех сфер общественной жизни и самого человека широко обсуждается во многих наука, а также и в области языка. Во многих работах лингвистов экология языка определяется как наука о взаимоотношениях между языком и его окружением, так как язык существует не только в сознании говорящих на нем и функционирует только при взаимоотношениях с другими коммуникантами и с их социальным и природным окружением. В этом контексте понятие «языковое сознание» представляет собой специфическую картину взаимосвязи культуры и общественной жизни социума, которая определяет его психологическое своеобразие и специфические черты данного языка

Effect of aliskiren on post-discharge outcomes among diabetic and non-diabetic patients hospitalized for heart failure: insights from the ASTRONAUT trial

Aims The objective of the Aliskiren Trial on Acute Heart Failure Outcomes (ASTRONAUT) was to determine whether aliskiren, a direct renin inhibitor, would improve post-discharge outcomes in patients with hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) with reduced ejection fraction. Pre-specified subgroup analyses suggested potential heterogeneity in post-discharge outcomes with aliskiren in patients with and without baseline diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods and results ASTRONAUT included 953 patients without DM (aliskiren 489; placebo 464) and 662 patients with DM (aliskiren 319; placebo 343) (as reported by study investigators). Study endpoints included the first occurrence of cardiovascular death or HHF within 6 and 12 months, all-cause death within 6 and 12 months, and change from baseline in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) at 1, 6, and 12 months. Data regarding risk of hyperkalaemia, renal impairment, and hypotension, and changes in additional serum biomarkers were collected. The effect of aliskiren on cardiovascular death or HHF within 6 months (primary endpoint) did not significantly differ by baseline DM status (P = 0.08 for interaction), but reached statistical significance at 12 months (non-DM: HR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.64-0.99; DM: HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.91-1.47; P = 0.03 for interaction). Risk of 12-month all-cause death with aliskiren significantly differed by the presence of baseline DM (non-DM: HR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.50-0.94; DM: HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.15-2.33; P < 0.01 for interaction). Among non-diabetics, aliskiren significantly reduced NT-proBNP through 6 months and plasma troponin I and aldosterone through 12 months, as compared to placebo. Among diabetic patients, aliskiren reduced plasma troponin I and aldosterone relative to placebo through 1 month only. There was a trend towards differing risk of post-baseline potassium ≥6 mmol/L with aliskiren by underlying DM status (non-DM: HR: 1.17, 95% CI: 0.71-1.93; DM: HR: 2.39, 95% CI: 1.30-4.42; P = 0.07 for interaction). Conclusion This pre-specified subgroup analysis from the ASTRONAUT trial generates the hypothesis that the addition of aliskiren to standard HHF therapy in non-diabetic patients is generally well-tolerated and improves post-discharge outcomes and biomarker profiles. In contrast, diabetic patients receiving aliskiren appear to have worse post-discharge outcomes. Future prospective investigations are needed to confirm potential benefits of renin inhibition in a large cohort of HHF patients without D

Azimuthal anisotropy of charged jet production in root s(NN)=2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions

We present measurements of the azimuthal dependence of charged jet production in central and semi-central root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the second harmonic event plane, quantified as nu(ch)(2) (jet). Jet finding is performed employing the anti-k(T) algorithm with a resolution parameter R = 0.2 using charged tracks from the ALICE tracking system. The contribution of the azimuthal anisotropy of the underlying event is taken into account event-by-event. The remaining (statistical) region-to-region fluctuations are removed on an ensemble basis by unfolding the jet spectra for different event plane orientations independently. Significant non-zero nu(ch)(2) (jet) is observed in semi-central collisions (30-50% centrality) for 20 <p(T)(ch) (jet) <90 GeV/c. The azimuthal dependence of the charged jet production is similar to the dependence observed for jets comprising both charged and neutral fragments, and compatible with measurements of the nu(2) of single charged particles at high p(T). Good agreement between the data and predictions from JEWEL, an event generator simulating parton shower evolution in the presence of a dense QCD medium, is found in semi-central collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe