Dados pessoais, vigilância e controle: como proteger direitos fundamentais em um mundo dominado por plataformas digitais?

- Divulgação dos SUMÁRIOS das obras recentemente incorporadas ao acervo da Biblioteca Ministro Oscar Saraiva do STJ. Em respeito à Lei de Direitos Autorais, não disponibilizamos a obra na íntegra.- Localização na estante: 342.721:004.738.5 C172

The state of the Martian climate

60°N was +2.0°C, relative to the 1981–2010 average value (Fig. 5.1). This marks a new high for the record. The average annual surface air temperature (SAT) anomaly for 2016 for land stations north of starting in 1900, and is a significant increase over the previous highest value of +1.2°C, which was observed in 2007, 2011, and 2015. Average global annual temperatures also showed record values in 2015 and 2016. Currently, the Arctic is warming at more than twice the rate of lower latitudes

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Práticas Educomunicativas

Esta publicação pretende divulgar as práticas educomunicativas realizadas em diferentes regiões do país e que estão sendo implantadas por nossos associados. O e-book Práticas Educomunicativas, que visa oferecer um material de uso prático que possa servir de apoio pedagógico em diferentes contextos, escolar ou de ações junto a instituições, apresenta 20 artigos de profissionais e pesquisadores que implementam ações que inter-relacionam comunicação e educação no contexto da educação apontando as experiências e processos de educomunicação e valorizando desta forma, o trabalho realizado por cada educomunicador oferecendo, ao leitor, um material de uso prático que possa servir de apoio pedagógico em diferentes contextos

ATLANTIC-CAMTRAPS: a dataset of medium and large terrestrial mammal communities in the Atlantic Forest of South America

Our understanding of mammal ecology has always been hindered by the difficulties of observing species in closed tropical forests. Camera trapping has become a major advance for monitoring terrestrial mammals in biodiversity rich ecosystems. Here we compiled one of the largest datasets of inventories of terrestrial mammal communities for the Neotropical region based on camera trapping studies. The dataset comprises 170 surveys of medium to large terrestrial mammals using camera traps conducted in 144 areas by 74 studies, covering six vegetation types of tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of South America (Brazil and Argentina), and present data on species composition and richness. The complete dataset comprises 53,438 independent records of 83 species of mammals, includes 10 species of marsupials, 15 rodents, 20 carnivores, eight ungulates and six armadillos. Species richness averaged 13 species (±6.07 SD) per site. Only six species occurred in more than 50% of the sites: the domestic dog Canis familiaris, crab-eating fox Cerdocyon thous, tayra Eira barbara, south American coati Nasua nasua, crab-eating raccoon Procyon cancrivorus and the nine-banded armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus. The information contained in this dataset can be used to understand macroecological patterns of biodiversity, community, and population structure, but also to evaluate the ecological consequences of fragmentation, defaunation, and trophic interactions. © 2017 by the Ecological Society of Americ

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

A vedação à gratuidade compulsória dos serviços digitais como forma de proteção dos dados pessoais dos usuários consumidores e mitigação do abuso de posição dominante pelas plataformas de dois ou múltiplos lados

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Jurídicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito, Florianópolis, 2020.Plataformas digitais, estruturadas como mercados de dois ou múltiplos lados, onde o consumidor não paga, em dinheiro, para acessá-las, são utilizadas diariamente por bilhões de pessoas espalhadas pelo mundo. Movidas por um imenso poder computacional, vendem a atenção das pessoas a anunciantes, em complexos sistemas de leilão de espaços publicitários ultra segmentados, que buscam incessantemente a individualização do alvo e cuja precisão está diretamente ligada à imensa quantidade de dados pessoais capturados e associados a cada pessoa que as utilizam, o que as transformam em grandes máquinas de vigilância, ameaçando os Direitos Fundamentais relacionados à proteção de dados pessoais. Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta de regulação que objetiva elevar o nível de proteção dos Direitos Fundamentais ligados à proteção de dados pessoais dos usuários pela vedação à gratuidade compulsória desses serviços. Para tanto, analisa as plataformas digitais por três diferentes prismas: a) os elementos articulados em seu funcionamento: poder computacional, dados pessoais, tempo e conteúdo dos outros; b) as três posições simultâneas ocupadas pelos indivíduos, em um processo circular, ao utilizá-las: consumidor, fornecedor de matéria prima e produto e c) as externalidades positivas aproveitadas pelas plataformas para fixarem posições dominantes no mercado e até se consolidarem como monopólios. O trabalho também apresenta os limites das legislações de proteção de dados, como a Regulamento Geral de Proteção de Dados (GDPR) europeia e a Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados - Lei 13.709/2018 (LGPD) brasileira, além da necessidade de se articular outros mecanismos jurídicos como o Direito do Consumidor e o Direito Antitruste para, de forma conjunta, aumentar a eficácia dos Direitos Fundamentais. Por fim, apresenta a sugestão de regulação, onde as plataformas passariam a ser obrigadas a disponibilizar uma opção de oferta em que o consumidor pagaria, em dinheiro, para utilizá-las, vedando a utilização dos dados pessoais e da atenção dos usuários para fins próprios da plataforma ou de terceiros, como forma de minimizar o tratamento desses dados e, consequentemente, aumentar o nível de proteção dos direitos da personalidade dos usuários consumidores. Para tanto, adotou-se como método de procedimento o funcionalista, como método de abordagem o dedutivo e como técnicas as pesquisas bibliográfica e documental.Abstract: Digital platforms, structured as two, or multiple sided markets, where consumers do not pay, in cash, to access them, are used daily by billions of people around the world. Driven by immense computational power, they sell people?s attention to advertisers on complex auction systems for ultra-targeted advertising spaces, that constantly seek to individualize the target and whose accuracy is directly linked to the immense amount of personal data captured and associated with each user. This process turns those Platforms into great surveillance machines, threatening the Fundamental Rights related to the protection of personal data. This work presents an application proposal that aims to raise the level of protection of Fundamental Rights linked to the protection of users? personal data based on the prohibition of compulsory gratuity of these services. To do so, analyze digital platforms through three different approaches: a) their functional elements: computational power, personal data, time and content of others; b) the three simultaneous positions occupied by individuals, in a circular process, when using them: consumer, supplier of raw materials and product; and c) the positive externalities used by the platforms to establish dominant positions in the market and even consolidate themselves as monopolies. The work also presents the limits of data protection legislation, such as the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the Brazilian General Data Protection Law (LGPD), in addition to the need to articulate other legal mechanisms such as Consumer and Antitrust Laws to jointly increase the strength of the Fundamental Rights. Finally, it suggests a regulation where platforms would be obliged to offer a cash paid option that would prohibit the use of personal data and the attention of users for the purposes of the platform or third parties, as a way to minimize the processing of this data and, consequently, increase the level of protection of the users? personality rights. This work adopts the functionalist procedure method, the deductive approach method and the bibliographic and documentary research technique