Machined and plastic copings in three-element prostheses with different types of implantabutment joints: a strain gauge comparative analysis

OBJECTIVE: Using strain gauge (SG) analysis, the aim of this in vitro study was quantify the strain development during the fixation of three-unit screw implant-supported fixed partial dentures, varying the types of implant-abutment joints and the type of prosthetic coping. The hypotheses were that the type of hexagonal connection would generate different microstrains and the type of copings would produce similar microstrains after prosthetic screws had been tightened onto microunit abutments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three dental implants with external (EH) and internal (IH) hexagonal configurations were inserted into two polyurethane blocks. Microunit abutments were screwed onto their respective implant groups, applying a torque of 20 Ncm. Machined Co-Cr copings (M) and plastic prosthetic copings (P) were screwed onto the abutments, which received standard wax patterns. The wax patterns were cast in Co-Cr alloy (n=5), forming four groups: G1) EH/M; G2) EH/P; G3) IH/M and G4) IH/P. Four SGs were bonded onto the surface of the block tangentially to the implants, SG 1 mesially to implant 1, SG 2 and SG 3 mesially and distally to implant 2, respectively, and SG 4 distally to implant 3. The superstructure's occlusal screws were tightened onto microunit abutments with 10 Ncm torque using a manual torque driver. The magnitude of microstrain on each SG was recorded in units of microstrain (µε). The data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test (

Persistent dysgeusia post-halitosis treatment : how does it impact the patients? quality of life?

The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of life and the presence of anxiety and depression in patients with dysgeusia post halitosis treatment. Sixty patients were divided into three groups: Dysgeusia group (DG); Halitosis group (HG) and Control group (CG). The following instruments were used: Medical results study Short form health research of 36 items (SF-36), State-state anxiety inventory (STAI) and Self-report questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20). Of the 60 subjects studied, 85% were female and 15% were male. The evaluation of SF-36 indicated a statistically significant correlation between some domains for DG and showed low scores for Mental Health. In relation to HG, low scores were obtained for Bodily Pain, Vitality and Emotional Role. The CG showed low scores for Bodily Pain, General Health and Vitality. STAI was significant when DG was compared to HG and CG. The mean SRQ-20 score was higher in DG compared with the other groups. Persistent dysgeusia post-halitosis treatment impacts on QoL generically in the Mental health domain, and specifically in trait and state anxiety. Symptoms of depression were also seen in this group of patients

Avaliação in vitro do emprego de retificadores de cilindros fundidos na adaptação de próteses implanto suportadas

This study evaluated the fitting interface of cylinders cast in non-precious alloys to implant-supported prosthetic abutments, after utilization of rectifiers designed to reduce the marginal misfit of cast cylinders. Two groups of components were investigated, namely Esteticone (Est) and Micro-Unit (MU), cast in Ni-Cr alloy (Wiron 99) and Co-Cr (Wirobond C), by the conventional technique (torch) and by induction. Gold-machined cylinders were used as controls. Measurement of the vertical misfits of cast cylinders was performed with aid of a light microscope at two periods, before and after utilization of cylinder rectifiers. For the gold machined components, reading was performed only once, since these components were not rectified. The misfit values of the cast cylinders were submitted to statistical analysis by the three-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (5%). Comparisons between the rectified cast cylinders and machined cylinders were performed by the Student t test for non-paired samples. The reduction in misfit was considered significant (p 0,05) from the gold machined cylinders means (22,44mm). The utilization of manual rectifiers on cast cylinders led to significant reductions in marginal misfit of components cast in Ni-Cr alloy.Avaliou-se a interface de assentamento de cilindros fundidos em ligas não preciosas a pilares protéticos implanto-suportados, após o uso de retificadores desenvolvidos para reduzir a desadaptação marginal de fundições. A investigação foi realizada com dois grupos de componentes: Esteticone e Micro-Unit, fundidos em liga de Ni-Cr (Wiron 99,) e Co-Cr (Wirobond C), pela técnica convencional (maçarico) e por indução em alta freqüência. Cilindros usinados em ouro foram empregados como padrões de referência. As mensurações das desadaptações marginais dos cilindros fundidos foram realizadas com auxílio de microscópio óptico em dois momentos, antes e após o uso de retificadores de cilindros. Para os componentes usinados em ouro, a leitura foi efetuada em um único momento, pois não houve retifica destes componentes. Os valores de desadaptação dos cilindros fundidos foram submetidos à análise estatística utilizando-se ANOVA (3-fatores) e Teste de Tukey (a: 5%). Comparações entre cilindros fundidos retificados e cilindros usinados foram realizadas com Teste t de Student para amostras não pareadas. A redução da desadaptação marginal foi estatisticamente significante (p 0,05) para componentes fundidos em Ni-Cr. Para os cilindros fundidos em Co-Cr, os retificadores não determinaram importantes modificações em todos os grupos testados. Os menores valores de desajuste marginal foram registrados para componentes Micro Unit fundidos convencionalmente (maçarico) em Ni-Cr após a retífica (29,08mm). A desadaptação registrada para este grupo foi estatisticamente semelhante (p 0,05) à obtida com componentes similares usinados em ouro (22,44mm). Concluiu-se que o uso de retificadores manuais de cilindros fundidos determinou expressiva redução de desadaptação marginal em componentes fundidos, principalmente com liga metálica de Ni-Cr

Efeito do tratamento de superfície de uma cerâmica aluminizada infiltrada de vidro sobre a resistência à microtração

Este estudo avaliou a resistência à microtração entre um cimento resinoso e uma cerâmica submetida a três tratamentos de superfície. Foram confeccionados 12 blocos da cerâmica In-Ceram Alumina (VITA) e 12 blocos de resina composta (Clearfil APX, Kuraray) com dimensões de 6mm x 6mm x 5mm. A superfície da cerâmica foi polida com lixas d'água nº 600, 800 e 1200 sob refrigeração, e os blocos foram divididos em três grupos conforme o tratamento superficial: Grupo 1 - Jateamento com óxido de alumínio 110mm; Grupo 2 - Sistema Rocatec (3M/ESPE): jateamento com óxido de alumínio 110mm (Rocatec-pre powder) e com sílica (Rocatec-plus powder) + silano (Rocatec-Sil); Grupo 3 - Sistema CoJet (3M/ESPE): jateamento com partículas de sílica 30mm + ESPE-Sil. Os blocos cerâmicos foram cimentados aos de resina composta com o cimento resinoso Panavia F (Kuraray Co) conforme as instruções do fabricante, sob carga de 750g por 10min. As amostras foram armazenadas (água destilada/37ºC/7 dias) e seccionadas em dois eixos, x e y, com disco diamantado sob refrigeração em uma máquina de corte a fim de obter corpos-de-prova (CP) com 0,6±0,1mm² de área adesiva (n=36). Os CP foram fixados em dispositivo adaptado para o teste de microtração e tracionados (velocidade: 0,5 mm.min-1) na máquina de ensaio universal EMIC. Os resultados (MPa) foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao Teste de Tukey (pThis study evaluated the microtensile bond strength of a resin composite to a ceramic submitted to three surface treatments. Twelve glass-infiltrated alumina ceramic blocks (In-Ceram Alumina, VITA) and twelve resin composite blocks (Clearfil APX, Kuraray) with dimensions of 6mm x 6mm x 5mm were made. The surface of the ceramic was wet-grounded with # 600, 800 and 1200-grid sandpaper, and the blocks were divided in three groups: Group 1 - sandblasting with aluminum oxide - particles 110mm (Micro-Etcher, Danville); Group 2 - Rocatec System (ESPE): Tribochemical silica coating (Rocatec pre-powder + Rocatec-Plus powder + Rocatec-Sil); Group 3 - CoJet System (3M/ESPE): silica coating (silica oxide + ESPE-Sil). The ceramic blocks were cemented to the resin composite blocks with Panavia F (Kuraray Co), following the manufacturer's instructions, under load of 750g for 10min. The samples were stored (distilled water / 7 days / 37O C) and sectioned in two axis, x and y, with diamond disk under cooling in order to obtain samples (S) with 0.6 ± 0.1mm² of adhesive area (n=36). The S were attached in adapted device for the microtensile test that was performed at an universal testing machine (EMIC), at a speed of 1mm/min. The results (MPa) were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test (

Oral lichen planus: A retrospective study of 110 Brazilian patients

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by multiple clinical presentations and a relatively high prevalence in the population. This retrospective patient record study investigated the profile of OLP in a group of Brazilian patients seen between 1989 and 2009.</p> <p>Findings</p> <p>The clinical records were analyzed and data such as gender, age, race, clinical presentation of OLP, site affected, presence of symptoms and extraoral manifestations of the disease, smoking habit, and consumption of alcoholic beverages were obtained. Among the 1822 records of patients with oral mucosal lesions, OLP was identified in 6.03%. Of these, 76.36% were females, with a mean age of 54 years, and 85% were whites. The reticular form was the most frequent (81.81%). Extraoral lesions were observed in 32.72% of the patients and painful symptoms were reported by 50.90%. The cheek mucosa was the site most affected (92.72%) and multiple oral lesions were observed in 77.27% of the patients. Among patients with OLP, 18.18% reported a smoking habit and 29.09% the consumption of alcoholic beverages.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This retrospective study showed a relatively high prevalence of OLP in the population studied, with a predominance of the disease among middle-aged white women and bilateral involvement of the cheek mucosa. Reticular lesions were the most frequent, followed by the erosive form which is mainly associated with painful symptoms. No relationship with tobacco or alcohol consumption was observed.</p

Mucus extravasation and retention phenomena: a 24-year study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Mucoceles are benign lesions related to the minor salivary glands and their respective ducts frequently affecting oral structures which are generally asymptomatic. Mucoceles are generally characterized by swollen nodular lesions preferentially located on the lower lip and differ from the so-called ranulas, which are lesions located on the floor of the mouth and related to the sublingual or submandibular glands.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The objective of the present study was to analyze data such as age, gender, race and site of the lesion of 173 mucocele cases diagnosed at the Discipline of Stomatology, São José dos Campos Dental School, UNESP, over a period of 24 years (April 1980 to February 2003).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Of the 173 cases analyzed, 104 (60.12%) were females and 69 (39.88%) were males. Age ranged from 4 to 70 years (mean ± SD: 17 ± 9.53) and most patients were in the second decade of life (n = 86, 49.42%); white (n = 124, 71.68%). The lower lip was the site most frequently affected by the lesions (n = 135, 78.03%), whereas the lowest prevalence was observed for the soft palate, buccal mucosa, and lingual frenum.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In this study, mucoceles predominated in white female subjects in the second decade of life, with the lower lip being the most frequently affected site.</p

On the Relationship Between the Optical Emission-Line and X-ray Luminosities in Seyfert 1 Galaxies

We have explored the relationship between the [O III] $\lambda$5007 and the 2--10 keV luminosities for a sample of Broad- and Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxies (BLSy1 and NLSy1, respectively). We find that both types of Seyferts span the same range in luminosity and possess similar [O III]/X-ray ratios. The NLSy1s are more luminous than BLSy1s, when normalized to their central black hole masses, which is attributed to higher mass accretion rates. However, we find no evidence for elevated [O III]/X-ray ratios in NLSy1s, which would have been expected if they had excess EUV continuum emission compared to BLSy1s. Also, other studies suggest that the gas in narrow-line regions (NLR) of NLSy1s and NLSy1s span a similar range in ionization, contrary to what is expected if those of the former are exposed to a stronger flux of EUV radiation. The simplest interpretation is that, like BLSy1s, a large EUV bump is not present in NLSy1s. However, we show that the [OIII]/X-ray ratio can be lowered as a result of absorption of the ionizing continuum by gas close to the central source, although there is no evidence that intrinsic line-of-sight absorption is more common among NLSy1s, as would be expected if there were a larger amount of circumnuclear gas. Other possible explanations include: 1) anisotropic emission of the ionizing radiation, 2) higher gas densities in the NLR of NLSy1s, resulting in lower average ionization, or 3) the presence of strong winds in the the nuclei of NLSy1s which may drive off much of the gas in the narrow-line region, resulting in lower cover fraction and weaker [O III] emission.Comment: 18 pages, including 3 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journa

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London