The HPLC/DAD Fingerprints and Chemometric Analysis of Flavonoid Extracts from the Selected Sage (Salvia) Species

The results of spectrophotometric and HPLC/DAD analysis are discussed, and a comparison is made of selectively extracted flavonoid fractions derived from twenty six sage species belonging to the Salvia genus. The sage samples were harvested in the vegetation seasons 2007, 2008, and 2009. It was a goal of this study to find out which species contain the highest yields of flavonoids (recognized for their free-radical-scavenging activity), as those with the highest yields could be applied in official medicine. It was spectrophotometrically established that the four sage species can be recognized for their highest flavonoid levels, while the HPLC/DAD analysis pointed out to the four other species. The source of the discrepancy between the two evaluation approaches was discussed.Moreover, the HPLC/DAD fingerprints of the flavonoid fraction underwent a chemometric pre-treatment, and then the purified fingerprints were analyzed by means of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for the differences in the harvesting period. A difference was revealed between the herbs harvested in the 2007 season, and those harvested in 2008 and 2009. The main source of this difference could be the seasonal weather variation and the relatively longest storage period with the plants harvested in 2007

Novel DNA Microarray System for Analysis of Nascent mRNAs

Transcriptional activation and repression are a key step in the regulation of all cellular activities. The development of comprehensive analysis methods such as DNA microarray has advanced our understanding of the correlation between the regulation of transcription and that of cellular mechanisms. However, DNA microarray analysis based on steady-state mRNA (total mRNA) does not always correspond to transcriptional activation or repression. To comprehend these transcriptional regulations, the detection of nascent RNAs is more informative. Although the nuclear run-on assay can detect nascent RNAs, it has not been fully applied to DNA microarray analysis. In this study, we have developed a highly efficient method for isolating bromouridine-labeled nascent RNAs that can be successfully applied to DNA microarray analysis. This method can linearly amplify small amounts of mRNAs with little bias. Furthermore, we have applied this method to DNA microarray analysis from mouse G2-arrested cells and have identified several genes that exhibit novel expression profiles. This method will provide important information in the field of transcriptome analysis of various cellular processes

Determination of antioxidant compounds in foodstuff

© 2017 Scrivener Publishing LLC. Phenolic compounds, vitamins and carotenoids are naturally found in different foodstuff. These antioxidant compounds play an important role in human health and are of interest for the food, pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries. Modern chromatographic and spectrometric techniques have made analysis easier than ever before, but their success depends on the extraction method used. In fact, the different antioxidants are identifified using chromatographic techniques coupled to diff erent specififi c detectors according to the characteristics of each molecule. Beyond their well-known health-promoting effects, antioxidant molecules can also be used to functionalize or preserve the freshness, nutritive value, flflavor and color of foodstuff s, which justify their incorporation into several matrices. In this chapter, the most common antioxidant compounds in foodstuff will be described, as well as the methodologies involved in their extraction, separation, identifification and quantifification. The bioactive properties and industrial applications of these compounds through innovative techniques will also be taken into account.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the Middle Jurassic of Sardinia (Italy) based on integrated palaeobotanical, palynological and lithofacies data assessment

During the Jurassic, Sardinia was close to continental Europe. Emerged lands started from a single island forming in time a progressively sinking archipelago. This complex palaeogeographic situation gave origin to a diverse landscape with a variety of habitats. Collection- and literature-based palaeobotanical, palynological and lithofacies studies were carried out on the Genna Selole Formation for palaeoenvironmental interpretations. They evidence a generally warm and humid climate, affected occasionally by drier periods. Several distinct ecosystems can be discerned in this climate, including alluvial fans with braided streams (Laconi-Gadoni lithofacies), paralic swamps and coasts (Nurri-Escalaplano lithofacies), and lagoons and shallow marine environments (Ussassai-Perdasdefogu lithofacies). The non-marine environments were covered by extensive lowland and a reduced coastal and tidally influenced environment. Both the river and the upland/hinterland environments are of limited impact for the reconstruction. The difference between the composition of the palynological and palaeobotanical associations evidence the discrepancies obtained using only one of those proxies. The macroremains reflect the local palaeoenvironments better, although subjected to a transport bias (e.g. missing upland elements and delicate organs), whereas the palynomorphs permit to reconstruct the regional palaeoclimate. Considering that the flora of Sardinia is the southernmost of all Middle Jurassic European floras, this multidisciplinary study increases our understanding of the terrestrial environments during that period of time

The 42nd Symposium Chromatographic Methods of Investigating Organic Compounds : Book of abstracts

The 42nd Symposium Chromatographic Methods of Investigating Organic Compounds : Book of abstracts. June 4-7, 2019, Szczyrk, Polan