Characteristics principals of soils of Holguín province (Cuba). Use and soils management

[Abstract] In this paper was performed an compilation of the main characteristic and degradation processes of soils Holguín province (Cuba) in order to stablish a proposal management leading to soil preservation. The main soils in the zone are of four types. According to the cuban classification system the major soils are Fersialitics, Vertisoils, Bruns and Ferritic, which are respectively equivalent to the Luvisols, Vertisols, Cambisols and Ferralsols of the FAO system (1998). About 70% of the agricultural soils of the Holguín province are affected by different erosion degree. About 17% of soils are affected by salinity and are associated mainly to the group of Vertisoils, that in the greater part are dedicated to the sugarcane cultivated and at grassland. Together with the erosion and salinity procceses others limiting factors of the soils are the sodicity, contents of gravels and stones, efective deepth, carbonates content and relief

Perspectivas de la empresa y la economía mexicana frente a la reestructuración productiva

1 archivo PDF (404 páginas)Este texto se presenta una reflexión de investigadores de la UAM, así como de otras Instituciones de Educación Superior respecto al marco en el que se han desenvuelto las empresas mexicanas en los últimos años, así como del desarrollo en algunos de sus sistemas organizacionales. PALABRAS CLAVE: Mexico Economic policy 1970-1994

Massive deworming, nutritional status and learning capacity in school children in a rural community

one hundred and ninety eight children of a rural village school were studied for parasitological variables, nutritional status (anthropometric variables and blood parameters) and assessment of their learning capacity. the study was designed as a baseline study and included both massive anthelminthic treatment and follow-up of the reinfection process. the initial prevalence of infection by soil helminths was: ascaris lumbricoides 36,4 %, trichuris trichiura 34.8%, hookworm 18,2 % and strongyloides stercoralis 4,5 %. 53,1 % of children were under risk of malnutrition and the values of hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration were below normal in 83 % and 55 % respectively. an important deficit in all the learning capacity tests was observed. some relationship was found between these results and infection by parasites.Se estudiaron 198 niños de 5 a 15 años de una comunidad escolar rural en variables parasitológicas, estado nutricional (antropometría y parámetros en sangre) y evaluación de la capacidad de aprendizaje. El estudio se diseño como línea de base e incluyó tratamiento masivo y seguimiento al proceso de reinfección. La prevalencia inicial de helmintos fue: Ascaris lumbricoides 36,4 %, Trichuris trichiura 34,8 %, Uncinaria 18,2 % y Strongyloides stercoralis 4,5 %. El 53,1 % de los niños estaban en riesgo de desnutrición y los valores del hematocrito y de la hemoglobina estaban por debajo de lo normal en el 83 y 55 % respectivamente. Así mismo, se detectó un importante déficit en todas las pruebas de capacidad de aprendizaje. Se encontraron algunas relaciones entre los resultados anteriores y la presencia de parásitos

Massive deworming, nutritional status and learning capacity in school children in a rural community

one hundred and ninety eight children of a rural village school were studied for parasitological variables, nutritional status (anthropometric variables and blood parameters) and assessment of their learning capacity. the study was designed as a baseline study and included both massive anthelminthic treatment and follow-up of the reinfection process. the initial prevalence of infection by soil helminths was: ascaris lumbricoides 36,4 %, trichuris trichiura 34.8%, hookworm 18,2 % and strongyloides stercoralis 4,5 %. 53,1 % of children were under risk of malnutrition and the values of hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration were below normal in 83 % and 55 % respectively. an important deficit in all the learning capacity tests was observed. some relationship was found between these results and infection by parasites.Se estudiaron 198 niños de 5 a 15 años de una comunidad escolar rural en variables parasitológicas, estado nutricional (antropometría y parámetros en sangre) y evaluación de la capacidad de aprendizaje. El estudio se diseño como línea de base e incluyó tratamiento masivo y seguimiento al proceso de reinfección. La prevalencia inicial de helmintos fue: Ascaris lumbricoides 36,4 %, Trichuris trichiura 34,8 %, Uncinaria 18,2 % y Strongyloides stercoralis 4,5 %. El 53,1 % de los niños estaban en riesgo de desnutrición y los valores del hematocrito y de la hemoglobina estaban por debajo de lo normal en el 83 y 55 % respectivamente. Así mismo, se detectó un importante déficit en todas las pruebas de capacidad de aprendizaje. Se encontraron algunas relaciones entre los resultados anteriores y la presencia de parásitos

Impact of measurable residual disease by decentralized flow cytometry: a PETHEMA real-world study in 1076 patients with acute myeloid leukemia

The role of decentralized assessment of measurable residual disease (MRD) for risk stratification in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains largely unknown, and so it does which methodological aspects are critical to empower the evaluation of MRD with prognostic significance, particularly if using multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC). We analyzed 1076 AML patients in first remission after induction chemotherapy, in whom MRD was evaluated by MFC in local laboratories of 60 Hospitals participating in the PETHEMA registry. We also conducted a survey on technical aspects of MRD testing to determine the impact of methodological heterogeneity in the prognostic value of MFC. Our results confirmed the recommended cutoff of 0.1% to discriminate patients with significantly different cumulative-incidence of relapse (-CIR- HR:0.71, P < 0.001) and overall survival (HR: 0.73, P = 0.001), but uncovered the limited prognostic value of MFC based MRD in multivariate and recursive partitioning models including other clinical, genetic and treatment related factors. Virtually all aspects related with methodological, interpretation, and reporting of MFC based MRD testing impacted in its ability to discriminate patients with different CIR. Thus, this study demonstrated that “real-world” assessment of MRD using MFC is prognostic in patients at first remission, and urges greater standardization for improved risk-stratification toward clinical decisions in AML.This study was supported by the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red – Área de Oncología - del Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERONC; CB16/12/00369, CB16/12/00233, CB16/12/00284 and CB16/12/00400), Instituto de Salud Carlos III/Subdirección General de Investigación Sanitaria (FIS No. PI16/01661, PI16/00517 and PI18/01946), Gerencia Regional de Salud de CyL (GRS 1346/A/16) and the Plan de Investigación de la Universidad de Navarra (PIUNA 2014-18). This study was supported internationally by the Cancer Research UK, FCAECC and AIRC under the Accelerator Award Program EDITOR

Carbon sequestration potential of second-growth forest regeneration in the Latin American tropics

Regrowth of tropical secondary forests following complete or nearly complete removal of forest vegetation actively stores carbon in aboveground biomass, partially counterbalancing carbon emissions from deforestation, forest degradation, burning of fossil fuels, and other anthropogenic sources. We estimate the age and spatial extent of lowland second-growth forests in the Latin American tropics and model their potential aboveground carbon accumulation over four decades. Our model shows that, in 2008, second-growth forests (1 to 60 years old) covered 2.4 million km2 of land (28.1%of the total study area).Over 40 years, these lands can potentially accumulate a total aboveground carbon stock of 8.48 Pg C (petagrams of carbon) in aboveground biomass via low-cost natural regeneration or assisted regeneration, corresponding to a total CO2 sequestration of 31.09 Pg CO2. This total is equivalent to carbon emissions from fossil fuel use and industrial processes in all of Latin America and the Caribbean from1993 to 2014. Ten countries account for 95% of this carbon storage potential, led by Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Venezuela. We model future land-use scenarios to guide national carbon mitigation policies. Permitting natural regeneration on 40% of lowland pastures potentially stores an additional 2.0 Pg C over 40 years. Our study provides information and maps to guide national-level forest-based carbon mitigation plans on the basis of estimated rates of natural regeneration and pasture abandonment. Coupled with avoided deforestation and sustainable forestmanagement, natural regeneration of second-growth forests provides a low-costmechanism that yields a high carbon sequestration potential with multiple benefits for biodiversity and ecosystem services. © 2016 The Authors

Biodiversity recovery of Neotropical secondary forests

Old-growth tropical forests harbor an immense diversity of tree species but are rapidly being cleared, while secondary forests that regrow on abandoned agricultural lands increase in extent. We assess how tree species richness and composition recover during secondary succession across gradients in environmental conditions and anthropogenic disturbance in an unprecedented multisite analysis for the Neotropics. Secondary forests recover remarkably fast in species richness but slowly in species composition. Secondary forests take a median time of five decades to recover the species richness of old-growth forest (80% recovery after 20 years) based on rarefaction analysis. Full recovery of species composition takes centuries (only 34% recovery after 20 years). A dual strategy that maintains both old-growth forests and species-rich secondary forests is therefore crucial for biodiversity conservation in human-modified tropical landscapes. Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries