Estado Madurativo, Masa Muscular Y Su Impacto En El Rendimiento Físico De Adolescentes Deportistas De La Provincia De San Luis- Argentina

Objetivo: En la adolescencia se producen cambios morfo-fisiológicos importantes que impactan en el rendimiento físico. La antropometría es una herramienta que permite estimar la masa muscular (MM) y predecir el estado madurativo (PHV) en adolescentes deportistas. La correlación de éstos indicadores con el test de Salto a Contramovimiento (CMJ) permite conocer que factores condicionan el rendimiento físico a los efectos de establecer estrategias que mejoren la performance deportiva. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar mediante antropometría el estado de maduración, MM y su impacto en el rendimiento físico en deportistas adolescentes de la provincia de San Luis. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo, correlacional de corte transversal. Muestra: n=60 adolescentes deportistas de la ciudad de San Luis, rango etario de 10 a 19 años. El estado madurativo y composición corporal se evaluó antropométricamente mediante el Protocolo ISAK. El rendimiento físico deportivo, se evaluó utilizando el test de niveles de fuerza en miembros inferiores mediante Protocolo de Bosco para el CMJ. Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados con softwares estadísticos SPSS y con un grado de significancia del 95% de exactitud. Para las correlaciones se aplicó test de Chi Cuadrado de Pearson. Resultados: la población adolescente analizada que habían realizado el pico máximo de crecimiento (PHV), mostro que el 61,6% (n=37) tenía un estado madurativo normal. Los adolescentes varones maduradores normales (n=17) y tardíos (n=16) presentaron una media de 26 y 26.5 Kg de MM respectivamente. Las adolescentes maduradoras normales (n=20) presentaron una media de 21 Kg de MM; mientras que las maduradoras tardías (n=6) presentaron una media de 25 Kg de MM. El test de fuerza en miembros inferiores, mostró que el 75% (n=45) de la población analizada tenía un CMJ de nivel bajo.  Conclusión: Los adolescentes varones que ya habían realizado el PHV presentaban mayor Kg de MM alcanzando un nivel más alto de CMJ. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio permitirían establecer una relación entre la edad de PHV, los kg de MM con la altura del CMJ y el impacto en el rendimiento físico deportivo.Objective: In adolescence there are important morpho-physiological changes that impact physical performance. Anthropometry is a tool that allows estimating muscle mass (MM) and predicting the maturation state (PHV) in adolescent athletes. The correlation of these indicators with the Counter-Movement Jump (CMJ) test allow us to know what factors condition physical performance in order to establish strategies that improve sports performance. Aim of the study is to evaluate through anthropometry the maturational state, MM and its’ impact on physical performance of adolescent athletes in the province of San Luis. Methodology: Descriptive, quantitative, correlational cross-sectional study. Sample: n = 60 adolescent athletes from the city of San Luis, age range 10 to 19 years. The maturational state and body composition were evaluated anthropometrically using the ISAK Protocol. Sports Physical performance was evaluated using the test of strength levels in the lower limbs by means of Bosco's Protocol for the CMJ. The data obtained were analyzed with SPSS statistical software and with a significance level of 95% accuracy. Pearson's Chi Square test was applied for the correlations. Results: the analyzed adolescent population that had reached the maximum growth peak (PHV), showed that 61.6% (n = 37) had a normal maturational state. Normal maturing male adolescents (n = 17) and late (n = 16) presented a mean of 26 and 26.5 kg of MM, respectively. Normal maturing adolescents (n = 20) presented a mean of 21 kg of MM; while the late ripeners (n = 6) presented an average of 25 Kg of MM. The lower limb strength test showed that 75% (n = 45) of the analyzed population had a low CMJ level. Conclusion: Male adolescents who had already performed the PHV had a higher kg of MM, reaching a higher level of CMJ. The results obtained in this study would allow to establish a relationship between the age of PHV, the kg of MM with the height of the CMJ and the impact on sports physical performance

Influence of the pre-treatments and process temperature on the adhesion of tin films deposited by PBII&D over nitrided austenitic stainless steel

In this work the influence of pre-treatment cleaning processes in the adhesion of TiN films deposited by the plasma based ion implantation and deposition (PBII&D) process over plasma nitrided AISI 316L stainless steel was investigated, varying the gas composition, the duration of the sputtering process and the temperature in the same deposition chamber. The TiN film morphology was scrutinized with scanning electron microscopy on the surface complemented with focus ion beam for the cross section. The film microstructure was characterized with X ray diffraction. The adhesion of the coatings was studied using the Scratch Test with constant load at different values and the Rockwell C indentation method as well. It was found that only with the sputtering carried out in a H2 - Ar gas mixing at 300 ºC temperature used as pre-treatment was successful to prepare the nitrided surface for the subsequent TiN deposition by the PBII&D process.Fil: Vaca, Laura Silvia. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Quintana, Juan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física del Plasma. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física del Plasma; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Física; ArgentinaFil: Guitar, María Agustina. Universitat Saarland; AlemaniaFil: Vega, Daniel. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia de Área Investigaciones y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia Física (CAC). Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada; ArgentinaFil: Brühl, Sonia Patricia. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Concepción del Uruguay; ArgentinaFil: Marquez, Adriana Beatriz. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Física; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física del Plasma. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física del Plasma; Argentin

Inhibiting HER3 Hyperphosphorylation in HER2‐Overexpressing Breast Cancer through Multimodal Therapy with Branched Gold Nanoshells

Treatment failure in breast cancers overexpressing human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is associated mainly to the upregulation of human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) oncoprotein linked to chemoresitence. Therefore, to increase patient survival, here a multimodal theranostic nanoplatform targeting both HER2 and HER3 is developed. This consists of doxorubicin-loaded branched gold nanoshells functionalized with the near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye indocyanine green, a small interfering RNA (siRNA) against HER3, and the HER2-specific antibody Transtuzumab, able to provide a combined therapeutic outcome (chemo- and photothermal activities, RNA silencing, and immune response). In vitro assays in HER2+/HER3+ SKBR-3 breast cancer cells have shown an effective silencing of HER3 by the released siRNA and an inhibition of HER2 oncoproteins provided by Trastuzumab, along with a decrease of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (p-AKT) typically associated with cell survival and proliferation, which helps to overcome doxorubicin chemoresistance. Conversely, adding the NIR light therapy, an increment in p-AKT concentration is observed, although HER2/HER3 inhibitions are maintained for 72 h. Finally, in vivo studies in a tumor-bearing mice model display a significant progressively decrease of the tumor volume after nanoparticle administration and subsequent NIR light irradiation, confirming the potential efficacy of the hybrid nanocarrierE.V.-A. and I.G.-C. contributed equally to this work. This work was sup ported by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) through Project No. PID2019-109517RB-I00) and from the Xunta de Galicia, Project No. ED431C2022/18. European Regional Development Funds are also ac knowledged. A.A.-M. and P.T. also thank the International Scientific Part nership Program ISSP at King Saud University for additional funding of this research through Grant No. ISPP-144. This work also received fi nancial support from the ISCIII, Ministerio de Economía y Competitivi dad (Grant No. PI15/01129; J.A.C.), and the AEI (Grant No. PID2020- 113501RB-I00; J.A.C.). I.-G.C. thanks for financial support through Grant No. PRE/2011/131, and the Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia accreditation Grant No. 2016–2019 ED431G/05)S

Contextos digitales para asistencia de los ciudadanos : Enfoques de experiencia de usuario

Un punto de interés que debería permanecer activo en el gobierno y sus instituciones, es encontrar y sostener en el tiempo, formas efectivas para canalizar experiencias satisfactorias en la interacción con sus ciudadanos. La eXperiencia de Usuario (UX), es un enfoque que se refiere básicamente al conjunto de factores y elementos relativos a la interacción del usuario con un entorno, cuyo resultado es la generación de una percepción (experiencia) positiva o negativa de ese entorno. La UX es satisfactoria cuando la interacción con ese entorno, soluciona problemas reales a la gente real. Trasladar este enfoque UX a la interacción del ciudadano, puede contribuir a desarrollar plataformas y productos que den respuesta a las necesidades de las personas, ofreciéndoles soluciones en vez de crearles nuevos problemas. Desde el presente Proyecto de Investigación (PI), los integrantes de Grupo de Investigación y Formación en Ingeniería de Software (GIFIS), están enfocados en mejorar los contextos de interacción para contribuir con experiencias satisfactorias del ciudadano.Eje: Ingeniería de Software.Red de Universidades con Carreras en Informátic

Acidez Dornic en Leche Humana donada

En la Leche Humana (LH) una acidez elevada disminuye el valor nutricional por desestabilización de proteínas solubles y de las micelas de caseína, favorece la coagulación, aumenta la osmolaridad, altera el sabor y reduce el valor inmunológico

Mutational spectrum in a worldwide study of 29,700 families with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations.

The prevalence and spectrum of germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been reported in single populations, with the majority of reports focused on White in Europe and North America. The Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA) has assembled data on 18,435 families with BRCA1 mutations and 11,351 families with BRCA2 mutations ascertained from 69 centers in 49 countries on six continents. This study comprehensively describes the characteristics of the 1,650 unique BRCA1 and 1,731 unique BRCA2 deleterious (disease-associated) mutations identified in the CIMBA database. We observed substantial variation in mutation type and frequency by geographical region and race/ethnicity. In addition to known founder mutations, mutations of relatively high frequency were identified in specific racial/ethnic or geographic groups that may reflect founder mutations and which could be used in targeted (panel) first pass genotyping for specific populations. Knowledge of the population-specific mutational spectrum in BRCA1 and BRCA2 could inform efficient strategies for genetic testing and may justify a more broad-based oncogenetic testing in some populations

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Evolving trends in the management of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 waves. The ACIE appy II study

Background: In 2020, ACIE Appy study showed that COVID-19 pandemic heavily affected the management of patients with acute appendicitis (AA) worldwide, with an increased rate of non-operative management (NOM) strategies and a trend toward open surgery due to concern of virus transmission by laparoscopy and controversial recommendations on this issue. The aim of this study was to survey again the same group of surgeons to assess if any difference in management attitudes of AA had occurred in the later stages of the outbreak. Methods: From August 15 to September 30, 2021, an online questionnaire was sent to all 709 participants of the ACIE Appy study. The questionnaire included questions on personal protective equipment (PPE), local policies and screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection, NOM, surgical approach and disease presentations in 2021. The results were compared with the results from the previous study. Results: A total of 476 answers were collected (response rate 67.1%). Screening policies were significatively improved with most patients screened regardless of symptoms (89.5% vs. 37.4%) with PCR and antigenic test as the preferred test (74.1% vs. 26.3%). More patients tested positive before surgery and commercial systems were the preferred ones to filter smoke plumes during laparoscopy. Laparoscopic appendicectomy was the first option in the treatment of AA, with a declined use of NOM. Conclusion: Management of AA has improved in the last waves of pandemic. Increased evidence regarding SARS-COV-2 infection along with a timely healthcare systems response has been translated into tailored attitudes and a better care for patients with AA worldwide

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome : Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results: Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 < 55 mmHg), 607 (30%) had hyperoxemia on day 1, and 250 (12%) had sustained hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55-100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions: Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration: LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073publishersversionPeer reviewe