Contentious Responses to the Crises in Spain : Emphasis Frames and Public Support for Protest on Twitter and the Press.

This research analyzes how different types of frames adopted by news organizations and social media affected the support for protests against austerity measures in Spain. We pay special attention to the individual understandings of the crises based on materialistic grievances and nonmaterialistic accounts of the economic crises. We identified frames using a supervised approach and a data set of 2 million tweets gathered during the major demonstrations of the Indignados Movement between 2011 and 2013. Our second data set included the news-related content published by the top Spanish newspapers, in terms of circulation, during those demonstrations. We found that support for antiausterity protests was conditioned by understandings of the crisis. Frames addressing the political system were negatively related to the support for protests against austerity measures, as compared with those referring to the crisis as an economic matter. In addition, more challenging and controversial frames generated lower acceptance of the protests among the population than those that primed social problems

Discovery of 10 pulsars in an Arecibo drift-scan survey

We present the results of a 430-MHz survey for pulsars conducted during the upgrade to the 305-m Arecibo radio telescope. Our survey covered a total of 1147 square degrees of sky using a drift-scan technique. We detected 33 pulsars, 10 of which were not known prior to the survey observations. The highlight of the new discoveries is PSR J0407+1607, which has a spin period of 25.7 ms, a characteristic age of 1.5 Gyr and is in a 1.8-yr orbit about a low-mass (>0.2 Msun) companion. The long orbital period and small eccentricity (e = 0.0009) make the binary system an important new addition to the ensemble of binary pulsars suitable to test for violations of the strong equivalence principle. We also report on our initially unsuccessful attempts to detect optically the companion to J0407+1607 which imply that its absolute visual magnitude is > 12.1. If, as expected on evolutionary grounds, the companion is an He white dwarf, our non-detection imples a cooling age of least 1 Gyr.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA

Nuclear Activity in the Low Metallicity Dwarf Galaxy SDSS J0944-0038: A Glimpse into the Primordial Universe

Local low metallicity dwarf galaxies are relics of the early universe and hold clues into the origins of supermassive black holes (SMBHs). In recent work, coronal lines have been used to unveil a population of candidate accreting black holes in dwarf galaxies with gas phase metallicities and stellar masses well below the host galaxies of any previously known AGNs. Using MUSE/VLT observations, we report the detection of [Fe X] $\lambda$6374 coronal line emission and a broad H$\alpha$ line in the nucleus of SDSS J094401.87$-$003832.1, a nearby ($z=0.0049$) metal poor dwarf galaxy at least fifty times less massive than the LMC. The [Fe X] $\lambda$6374 emission is compact and centered on the brightest nuclear source, with a spatial extent of $\approx$100 pc. The [Fe X] luminosity is $\approx 10^{37}$ erg s$^{-1}$, within the range seen in previously identified AGNs in the dwarf galaxy population. This line has never been observed in gas ionized by hot stars. While it can be produced in supernova ejecta, the [Fe X] flux from SDSS J094401.87$-$003832.1 has persisted over the ~19 year time period between the SDSS and MUSE observations, ruling out supernovae as the origin for the emission. The FWHM of the broad component of the H$\alpha$ line is $446 \pm 17$ km s$^{-1}$ and its luminosity is $\approx 1.5\times10^{38}$ erg s$^{-1}$, lower than the broad line luminosities of previously identified low mass broad line AGNs. These observations, together with previously reported multi-wavelength observations, can most plausibly be explained by the presence of an accreting intermediate mass black hole in a primordial galaxy analog. However, we cannot rule out the possibility that current stellar population models of metal poor stars significantly under-predict the stellar ionizing photon flux, and that metal poor stars can produce an extreme ionizing spectrum similar to that produced by AGNs.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, submitted to ApJL. Comments welcom

The ambivalent shadow of the pre-Wilsonian rise of international law

The generation of American international lawyers who founded the American Society of International Law in 1906 and nurtured the soil for what has been retrospectively called a “moralistic legalistic approach to international relations” remains little studied. A survey of the rise of international legal literature in the U.S. from the mid-19th century to the eve of the Great War serves as a backdrop to the examination of the boosting effect on international law of the Spanish American War in 1898. An examination of the Insular Cases before the US Supreme Court is then accompanied by the analysis of a number of influential factors behind the pre-war rise of international law in the U.S. The work concludes with an examination of the rise of natural law doctrines in international law during the interwar period and the critiques addressed.by the realist founders of the field of “international relations” to the “moralistic legalistic approach to international relation

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Departamento del Atlántico

A continuación, se muestra un análisis de las historias relatada de Nelson que fue un comerciante de mucha importancia en su región, pero la llegada y presencia de la guerrilla, se vio afectado por extorsiones, llegando al punto de ser secuestrado, para la liberación su familia procedió a las ventas de sus negocios, y su hermana logro convencerlo de que se fuera del país. La llegada a otro país no le fue fácil, recordar todas estas vivencias lo llevan a romper ese silencio y construir esa verdad que va más allá de las fronteras. Por otro lado, evidenciamos otro caso ocurrido en el corregimiento de El Salado donde grupos paramilitares masacraron aquellos pobladores de ese corregimiento. Además, teniendo presente los emergentes psicosociales que fueron identificados hubo una violación a los derechos humanos y la dignidad de las personas, todo lo que ocurrió en esa época llevo a que muchas personas fueran desplazadas por la violencia, pero la familia con ese espíritu de resiliencia, retorno a su corregimiento Del salado, para tratar de salir adelante.Below is an analysis of the stories told about Nelson who was a very important merchant in his region, but the arrival and presence of the guerrillas, he was affected by extortion, reaching the point of being kidnapped, for the release of his the family proceeded to sell their businesses, and his sister managed to convince him to leave the country. His arrival to another country was not easy for him, remembering all these experiences led him to break that silence and build that truth that goes beyond borders. On the other hand, we evidence another case that occurred in the town of El Salado where paramilitary groups massacred those residents of that town. Furthermore, keeping in mind the psychosocial emergencies that were identified, there was a violation of human rights and people's dignity. Everything that happened at that time led to many people being displaced by violence, but the family with that spirit of resilience, return to his district of Del Salado, to try to get ahead

Tissue compatibility of SN-38-loaded anticancer nanofiber matrices

Delivery of chemotherapy in the surgical bed has shown preclinical activity to control cancer progression upon subtotal resection of pediatric solid tumors, but whether this new treatment is safe for tumor-adjacent healthy tissues remains unknown. Here, Wistar rats are used to study the anatomic and functional impact of electrospun nano¿ber matrices eluting SN-38—a potent chemotherapeutic agent—on several body sites where pediatric tumors such as neuroblastoma, Ewing sarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma arise. Blank and SN-38-loaded matrices embracing the femoral neurovascular bundle or in direct contact with abdominal viscera (liver, kidney, urinary bladder, intestine, and uterus) are placed. Foreign body tissue reaction to the implants is observed though no histologic damage in any tissue/organ. Skin healing is normal. Tissue reaction is similar for SN-38-loaded and blank matrices, with the exception of the hepatic capsule that is thicker for the former although within the limits consistent with mild foreign body reaction. Tissue and organ function is completely conserved after local treatments, as assessed by the rotarod test (forelimb function), hematologic tests (liver and renal function), and control of clinical signs. Overall, these ¿ndings support the clinical translation of SN-38-loaded nano¿ber matrices to improve local control strategies of surgically resected tumorsPostprint (author's final draft

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since July 2014. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the fourteenth from SDSS overall (making this, Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes public data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (July 2014-2016). Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS); the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data driven machine learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release, and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V.Comment: SDSS-IV collaboration alphabetical author data release paper. DR14 happened on 31st July 2017. 19 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJS on 28th Nov 2017 (this is the "post-print" and "post-proofs" version; minor corrections only from v1, and most of errors found in proofs corrected

Survey on schizophrenia treatment in Mexico: perception and antipsychotic prescription patterns

BACKGROUND: Since the introduction of antipsychotics, especially the so called atypicals, the treatment of schizophrenia has shown important improvements. At the present time, it is preferred to label clozapine and other antipsychotics sharing similar profiles as second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs). These medications have been proposed by some experts as a first line treatment for schizophrenia. It is critical to have reliable data about antipsychotic prescription in Mexico and to create management guidelines based on expert meetings and not only on studies carried out by the pharmaceutical industry. Only this approach will help to make the right decisions for the treatment of schizophrenia. METHODS: A translated version of Rabinowitz's survey was used to evaluate antipsychotic prescription preferences and patterns in Mexican psychiatrists. The survey questionnaire was sent by mail to 200 psychiatrists from public institutions and private practice in Mexico City and Guadalajara, Mexico. RESULTS: Recommendations for antipsychotics daily doses at different stages of the treatment of schizophrenia varied widely. Haloperidol was considered as the first choice for the treatment of positive symptoms. On the contrary, risperidone was the first option for negative symptoms. For a patient with a high susceptibility for developing extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), risperidone was the first choice. It was also considered that SGAs had advantages over typical antipsychotics in the management of negative symptoms, cognitive impairment and fewer EPS. Besides, there was a clear tendency for prescribing typical antipsychotics at higher doses than recommended and inadequate doses for the atypical ones. CONCLUSIONS: Some of the obstacles for the prescription of SGAs include their high cost, deficient knowledge about their indications and dosage, the perception of their being less efficient for the treatment of positive symptoms and the resistance of some Mexican physicians to change their prescription pattern. It is necessary to reach a consensus, in order to establish and standardize the treatment of schizophrenia, based on the information reported in clinical trials and prevailing economic conditions in Mexico

Intramyocardial gene transfer of vascular endothelial growth factor 121 improves myocardial perfusion and function in the ischemic porcine heart

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an endothelial cell-specific mitogen that is angiogenic in vitro and in vivo. Several studies report on gene transfer of VEGF121 to promote angiogenesis in the ischemic myocardium of animals and patients. We hypothesized that intramyocardial administration of naked plasmid DNA encoding VEGF121 could improve myocardial perfusion and function in a porcine model of myocardial ischemia. Yorkshire swine underwent thoracotomy and placement of an ameroid constrictor on the circumflex coronary artery. Four weeks later, pVEGF121 plasmid was administered into the ischemic myocardium. Four weeks after gene transfer, SPECT imaging demonstrated significant reduction in the ischemic area in pVEGF121-treated animals compared with controls. In the pVEGF121 group, most of the animals evolved from light ischemia to a normal perfusion. In contrast, control animals exhibited similar or impaired ischemic conditions. Our results indicate that intramyocardial gene transfer of VEGF121 as naked plasmid DNA results in significant improvement in myocardial perfusion and function