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This chapter provides a tutorial review on peptoid nano-assemblies and their biomedically relevant properties and applications. Peptoids are biomimetic molecules that differ from natural peptides only by a one-atom shift in the attachment position of the functional sidechain along the backbone. This minor change in chemical structure however enables major changes in molecular properties and synthetic protocol that can be very attractive for bioactive supramolecular nanotechnology. In the recent decade, peptoids have gained recognition in self-assembled and functional materials due to the sophistication of nano-assemblies demonstrated, the intrinsic bioactivity of specific sequences discovered, and the importance now placed on bioinspired materials. Indeed, there has been a diversity of inspirations for peptoid supramolecular chemistry, from peptide assembly and block copolymer polymersomes to crystallization and protein folding. Peptoid research is also greatly facilitated by the versatility of peptoid synthesis to enable systematic investigations of sidechain and sequence control for directing assembly of a wide range of nanostructures. These include nanofibers, nanotubes, nanosheets, micellar worms and nested vesicles, and this chapter emphasizes the links between sequence and assembled morphologies. Applications from biosensing to stimuli-responsive drug delivery are reviewed to illustrate the potential of peptoids in tailoring nano-assemblies for bioscience and biomedical applications. While the research from many groups which have been examined, some of our recent results in “minimal” assembling sequences as well as applications towards stem cell culture and antimicrobial lipopeptoids are also highlighted

Oracle ® Call Interface Programmer's Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2)

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Measurement of charged particle spectra in minimum-bias events from proton-proton collisions at root s =13 TeV

Pseudorapidity, transverse momentum, and multiplicity distributions are measured in the pseudorapidity range vertical bar eta vertical bar 0.5 GeV in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of root s = 13 TeV. Measurements are presented in three different event categories. The most inclusive of the categories corresponds to an inelastic pp data set, while the other two categories are exclusive subsets of the inelastic sample that are either enhanced or depleted in single diffractive dissociation events. The measurements are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo event generators used to describe high-energy hadronic interactions in collider and cosmic-ray physics.Peer reviewe