136 research outputs found
Oral mucosal diseases in anxiety and depression patients: Hospital based observational study from south India
Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of different Oral Mucosal diseases in Anxiety
and Depression patients.
Material and Methods: A hospital based observational Study was conducted in the department of Psychiatry and
department of Oral Medicine and Radiology. Patients who were diagnosed with Anxiety or Depression by the psy
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chiatrists using Hamilton Anxiety and Depression scale were subjected to complete oral examination to check for
oral diseases like Oral Lichen Planus (OLP), Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS), and Burning Mouth Syndrome
(BMS). Equal number of control group subjects were also included.
Results: In this study statistically significant increase in the oral diseases in patients with anxiety and depression
than the control group was recorded. Oral diseases were significantly higher in anxiety patients (20.86%) than in
depression (9.04%) and control group patients (5.17%). In anxiety patients, the prevalence of RAS was 12%, OLP
was 5.7%, and BMS was 2.87%. In depression patients, the prevalence of RAS was 4.02%, OLP was 2.01% and
BMS was 3.01%. In control group the prevalence was 2.2%, 1.33% and 1.62% in RAS, OLP and BMS respecti
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vely. RAS and OLP were significantly higher in the younger age group (18-49) and BMS was seen between the age
group of 50-77 years in both study and control groups.
Conclusions: The results of the present study showed a positive association between psychological alterations and
changes in the oral mucosa, particularly conditions like OLP, RAS and BMS. Thus psychogenic factors like anxiety
and depression may act as a risk factor that could influence the initiation and development of oral mucosal diseases.
Hence psychological management should be taken into consideration when treating patients with these oral diseases
Biochemical Properties of a Novel Cysteine Protease of Plasmodium vivax, Vivapain-4
Plasmodium vivax affects hundreds of millions each year and results in severe morbidity and mortality. Plasmodial cysteine proteases (CPs) play crucial roles during the progression of malaria since inhibition of these molecules impairs parasite growth. These CPs might be targeted for new antimalarial drugs. We characterized a novel P. vivax CP, vivapain-4 (VX-4), which appeared to evolve differentially among primate Plasmodium species. VX-4 showed highly unique substrate preference depending on surrounding micro-environmental pH. It effectively hydrolyzed benzyloxycarbonyl-Leu-Arg-4-methyl-coumaryl-7-amide (Z-Leu-Arg-MCA) and Z-Phe-Arg-MCA at acidic pH and Z-Arg-Arg-MCA at neutral pH. Three amino acids (Ala90, Gly157 and Glu180) that delineate the S2 pocket were found to be substituted in VX-4. Alteration of Glu180 abolished hydrolytic activity against Z-Arg-Arg-MCA at neutral pH, indicating Glu180 is intimately involved in the pH-dependent substrate preference. VX-4 hydrolyzed actin at neutral pH and hemoglobin at acidic pH, and participated in plasmepsin 4 activation at neutral/acidic pH. VX-4 was localized in the food vacuoles and cytoplasm of the erythrocytic stage of P. vivax. The differential substrate preferences depending on pH suggested a highly efficient mechanism to enlarge biological implications of VX-4, including hemoglobin degradation, maturation of plasmepsin, and remodeling of the parasite architecture during growth and development of P. vivax
Response of a CMS HGCAL silicon-pad electromagnetic calorimeter prototype to 20-300 GeV positrons
The Compact Muon Solenoid Collaboration is designing a new high-granularity
endcap calorimeter, HGCAL, to be installed later this decade. As part of this
development work, a prototype system was built, with an electromagnetic section
consisting of 14 double-sided structures, providing 28 sampling layers. Each
sampling layer has an hexagonal module, where a multipad large-area silicon
sensor is glued between an electronics circuit board and a metal baseplate. The
sensor pads of approximately 1 cm are wire-bonded to the circuit board and
are readout by custom integrated circuits. The prototype was extensively tested
with beams at CERN's Super Proton Synchrotron in 2018. Based on the data
collected with beams of positrons, with energies ranging from 20 to 300 GeV,
measurements of the energy resolution and linearity, the position and angular
resolutions, and the shower shapes are presented and compared to a detailed
Geant4 simulation
Performance of the CMS High Granularity Calorimeter prototype to charged pion beams of 20300 GeV/c
The upgrade of the CMS experiment for the high luminosity operation of the
LHC comprises the replacement of the current endcap calorimeter by a high
granularity sampling calorimeter (HGCAL). The electromagnetic section of the
HGCAL is based on silicon sensors interspersed between lead and copper (or
copper tungsten) absorbers. The hadronic section uses layers of stainless steel
as an absorbing medium and silicon sensors as an active medium in the regions
of high radiation exposure, and scintillator tiles directly readout by silicon
photomultipliers in the remaining regions. As part of the development of the
detector and its readout electronic components, a section of a silicon-based
HGCAL prototype detector along with a section of the CALICE AHCAL prototype was
exposed to muons, electrons and charged pions in beam test experiments at the
H2 beamline at the CERN SPS in October 2018. The AHCAL uses the same technology
as foreseen for the HGCAL but with much finer longitudinal segmentation. The
performance of the calorimeters in terms of energy response and resolution,
longitudinal and transverse shower profiles is studied using negatively charged
pions, and is compared to GEANT4 predictions. This is the first report
summarizing results of hadronic showers measured by the HGCAL prototype using
beam test data.Comment: To be submitted to JINS
Test beam performance measurements for the Phase I upgrade of the CMS pixel detector
A new pixel detector for the CMS experiment was built in order to cope with the instantaneous luminosities anticipated for the Phase I Upgrade of the LHC. The new CMS pixel detector provides four-hit tracking with a reduced material budget as well as new cooling and powering schemes. A new front-end readout chip mitigates buffering and bandwidth limitations, and allows operation at low comparator thresholds. In this paper, comprehensive test beam studies are presented, which have been conducted to verify the design and to quantify the performance of the new detector assemblies in terms of tracking efficiency and spatial resolution. Under optimal conditions, the tracking efficiency is (99.95 ± 0.05) %, while the intrinsic spatial resolutions are (4.80 ± 0.25) μm and (7.99 ± 0.21) μm along the 100 μm and 150 μm pixel pitch, respectively. The findings are compared to a detailed Monte Carlo simulation of the pixel detector and good agreement is found.Peer reviewe
Trapping in irradiated p-on-n silicon sensors at fluences anticipated at the HL-LHC outer tracker
The degradation of signal in silicon sensors is studied under conditions expected at the CERN High-Luminosity LHC. 200 m thick n-type silicon sensors are irradiated with protons of different energies to fluences of up to neq/cm. Pulsed red laser light with a wavelength of 672 nm is used to generate electron-hole pairs in the sensors. The induced signals are used to determine the charge collection efficiencies separately for electrons and holes drifting through the sensor. The effective trapping rates are extracted by comparing the results to simulation. The electric field is simulated using Synopsys device simulation assuming two effective defects. The generation and drift of charge carriers are simulated in an independent simulation based on PixelAV. The effective trapping rates are determined from the measured charge collection efficiencies and the simulated and measured time-resolved current pulses are compared. The effective trapping rates determined for both electrons and holes are about 50% smaller than those obtained using standard extrapolations of studies at low fluences and suggests an improved tracker performance over initial expectations
Characterisation of irradiated thin silicon sensors for the CMS phase II pixel upgrade
The high luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider, foreseen for 2026, necessitates the replacement of the CMS experiment's silicon tracker. The innermost layer of the new pixel detector will be exposed to severe radiation, corresponding to a 1 MeV neutron equivalent fluence of up to Phi(eq) = 2x10(16) cm(-2), and an ionising dose of approximate to 5 MGy after an integrated luminosity of 3000 fb(-1). Thin, planar silicon sensors are good candidates for this application, since the degradation of the signal produced by traversing particles is less severe than for thicker devices. In this paper, the results obtained from the characterisation of 100 and 200 mu m thick p-bulk pad diodes and strip sensors irradiated up to fluences of Phi(eq) = 1.3 x 10(16) cm(-2) are shown.Peer reviewe
Measurement of the mass difference m(D-s(+))-m(D+) at CDF II
We present a measurement of the mass difference m(D-s(+))-m(D+), where both the D-s(+) and D+ are reconstructed in the phipi(+) decay channel. This measurement uses 11.6 pb(-1) of data collected by CDF II using the new displaced-track trigger. The mass difference is found to be m(D-s(+))-m(D+)=99.41+/-0.38(stat)+/-0.21(syst) MeV/c(2)
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