Measurement of the inclusive and dijet cross-sections of b-jets in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The inclusive and dijet production cross-sections have been measured for jets containing b-hadrons (b-jets) in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV, using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurements use data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 34 pb^-1. The b-jets are identified using either a lifetime-based method, where secondary decay vertices of b-hadrons in jets are reconstructed using information from the tracking detectors, or a muon-based method where the presence of a muon is used to identify semileptonic decays of b-hadrons inside jets. The inclusive b-jet cross-section is measured as a function of transverse momentum in the range 20 < pT < 400 GeV and rapidity in the range |y| < 2.1. The bbbar-dijet cross-section is measured as a function of the dijet invariant mass in the range 110 < m_jj < 760 GeV, the azimuthal angle difference between the two jets and the angular variable chi in two dijet mass regions. The results are compared with next-to-leading-order QCD predictions. Good agreement is observed between the measured cross-sections and the predictions obtained using POWHEG + Pythia. MC@NLO + Herwig shows good agreement with the measured bbbar-dijet cross-section. However, it does not reproduce the measured inclusive cross-section well, particularly for central b-jets with large transverse momenta.Comment: 10 pages plus author list (21 pages total), 8 figures, 1 table, final version published in European Physical Journal

Sediment source fingerprinting: benchmarking recent outputs, remaining challenges and emerging themes

Abstract: Purpose: This review of sediment source fingerprinting assesses the current state-of-the-art, remaining challenges and emerging themes. It combines inputs from international scientists either with track records in the approach or with expertise relevant to progressing the science. Methods: Web of Science and Google Scholar were used to review published papers spanning the period 2013–2019, inclusive, to confirm publication trends in quantities of papers by study area country and the types of tracers used. The most recent (2018–2019, inclusive) papers were also benchmarked using a methodological decision-tree published in 2017. Scope: Areas requiring further research and international consensus on methodological detail are reviewed, and these comprise spatial variability in tracers and corresponding sampling implications for end-members, temporal variability in tracers and sampling implications for end-members and target sediment, tracer conservation and knowledge-based pre-selection, the physico-chemical basis for source discrimination and dissemination of fingerprinting results to stakeholders. Emerging themes are also discussed: novel tracers, concentration-dependence for biomarkers, combining sediment fingerprinting and age-dating, applications to sediment-bound pollutants, incorporation of supportive spatial information to augment discrimination and modelling, aeolian sediment source fingerprinting, integration with process-based models and development of open-access software tools for data processing. Conclusions: The popularity of sediment source fingerprinting continues on an upward trend globally, but with this growth comes issues surrounding lack of standardisation and procedural diversity. Nonetheless, the last 2 years have also evidenced growing uptake of critical requirements for robust applications and this review is intended to signpost investigators, both old and new, towards these benchmarks and remaining research challenges for, and emerging options for different applications of, the fingerprinting approach

DESY 00-187 ISSN 0418-9833 December 2000 Measurement of Neutral and Charged Current Cross Sections in Electron-Proton Collisions at High Q

The inclusive e p single and double differential cross sections for neutral and charged current processes are measured with the H1 detector at HERA, in the range of four-momentum transfer squared Q between 150 and 30 000 GeV , and Bjorken x between 0:002 and 0:65. The data were taken in 1998 and 1999 with a centre-of-mass energy of 320 GeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 16.4 pb . The data are compared with recent measurements of the inclusive neutral and charged current e p cross sections. For clear evidence is observed for an asymmetry between e p and e p neutral current scattering and the generalised structure function x F 3 is extracted for the first time at HERA. A fit to the charged current data is used to extract a value for the W boson propagator mass. The data are found to be in good agreement with Standard Model predictions. To be submitted to Eur. Phys. J. C C. Adloff , V. Andreev , B. Andrieu , T. Anthonis , V. Arkadov , A. Astvatsatourov I. Ayyaz , A. Babaev , J. Bahr , P. Baranov , E. Barrelet , W. Bartel , U. Bassler P. Bate , A. Beglarian , O. Behnke , C. Beier , A. Belousov , T. Benisch , Ch. Berger G. Bernardi , T. Berndt , J.C. Bizot , V. Boudry , W. Braunschweig , V. Brisson B. Broker , D.P. Brown , W. Bruckner , P. Bruel , D. Bruncko , J. Burger , F.W. Busser A. Bunyatyan 12;34 , H. Burkhardt , A. Burrage , G. Buschhorn , A.J. Campbell , J. Cao T. Carli , S. Caron , E. Chabert , D. Clarke , B. Clerbaux , C. Collard , J.G. Contreras Y.R. Coppens , J.A. Coughlan , M.-C. Cousinou , B.E. Cox , G. Cozzika , J. Cvach , J.B. Dainton W.D. Dau , K. Daum 33;39 , M. Davidsson , B. Delcourt , N. Delerue , R. Demir..