Mitteilungen

Zur Unterscheidung von Rhynchosporium- und Ascochyta-Befall an Wintergerste W. W. BeerEmpfehlungen für Untersuchungen von zugelassenen Beizmitteln zur Wirksamkeit und Wirkungsdauer gegen bodenbürtigen Befall mit Fusarium nivale an Winterweizen und -gerste Sind pflanzenpathogene Viren gesundheitsschädlich?H.-L. PaulVerhalten von Kartoffel-Neuzüchtungen gegenüber verschiedenen Pathotypen von Synchytrium endobioticum (Schilb.) Perc., dem Erreger des KartoffelkrebsesE. Langerfeld, W. Bätz11th Long Ashton International Symposium Bristol 11.-14.9.1989 Herbicide Resistance in Weeds and CropsAntje DietzTechnical Meeting der IOBC/WPRS-Arbeitsgruppe "Pflanzenschutzmittel und Nutzorganismen", 19.-21. September 1989 in Antibes, FrankreichH. KohsiekMitglieder im Fachbeirat „Geräte" (früher Ausschuß für Geräte)H. KohsiekLiteratu

Inducing Panchromatic Absorption and Photoconductivity in Polycrystalline Molecular 1D Lead-Iodide Perovskites through π-Stacked Viologens

As a consequence of their quantum- and electronically-confined inorganic lattices, molecular 1D lead-iodide perovskites are ill suited to photovoltaic (PV) applications. In order to circumvent these problems, we utilized electron accepting viologen (N,N'-dialkyl-4,4'-bipyridinium) dications incorporating hydrogen bond donor functionalities, which served to induce π-π stacking interactions. The resulting 'viologen dimers' display enhanced charge-transfer (CT) interactions with the 1D lead-iodide nanowires. This manifests in extended light absorption (up to 800 nm), reduced band gaps (1.74 eV to 1.77 eV), and longer photoluminescence lifetimes. More importantly, we demonstrate significant photoconductivity behavior in polycrystalline molecular 1D lead-iodide perovskites for the first time. Thus, this work offers a strategy for inducing the properties required for PV applications in molecular 1D lead-iodide perovskites. © 2018 American Chemical Society

Metal Coordination Sphere Deformation Induced Highly Stokes-Shifted, Ultra Broadband Emission in 2D Hybrid Lead-Bromide Perovskites and Investigation of Its Origin

Published studies of layered (2D) (100)-oriented hybrid lead-bromide perovskites evidence a correlation between increased inter-octahedral (Pb-Br-Pb) distortions and the appearance of broadband white light emission. However, the impact of distortions within their constituent [PbBr6]4- octahedra has yet to be assessed. Herein, we report two new (100)-oriented 2D Pb-Br perovskites, whose structures display unusually high intra-octahedral distortions, whilst retaining minimal inter-octahedral distortions. Using a combination of temperature-dependent, power-dependent and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopic measurements, we show that increased intra-octahedral distortion induces exciton localization processes and leads to formation of multiple photoinduced emissive colour centres. Ultimately, this leads to highly Stokes-shifted, ultrabroad white light emission at room temperature

Parkin protects against LRRK2 G2019S mutant-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Drosophila

10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2375-09.2009Journal of Neuroscience293611257-11262JNRS

Formation of Corrugated n = 1 2D Tin Iodide Perovskites and Their Use as Lead-Free Solar Absorbers

Major strides have been made in the development of materials and devices based around low-dimensional hybrid group 14 metal halide perovskites. Thus far, this work has mostly focused upon compounds containing highly toxic Pb, with the analogous less toxic Sn materials being comparatively poorly evolved. In response, the study herein aims to (i) provide insight into the impact of templating cation upon the structure of n = 1 2D tin iodide perovskites (where n refers to the number of contiguous two-dimensional (2D) inorganic layers, i.e., not separated by organic cations), and (ii) examine their potential as light absorbers for photovoltaic (PV) cells. It was discovered through systematic tuning of organic dications, that imidazolium rings are able to induce formation of (110)-oriented materials, including the examples of “3 × 3” corrugated Sn-I perovskites. This structural outcome is a consequence of a combination of supramolecular interactions of the two endocyclic N-atoms in the imidazolium functionalities with the Sn-I framework and the higher tendency of Sn2+ ions to stereochemically express their 5s2 lone pairs relative to the 6s2 electrons of Pb2+. More importantly, the resulting materials feature very short separations between their 2D inorganic layers with iodide–iodide (I···I) contacts as small as 4.174 Å, which is amongst the shortest ever recorded for 2D tin iodide perovskites. The proximate inorganic distances, combined with the polarizable nature of the imidazolium moiety, eases the separation of photogenerated charge within the materials. This is evident from the excitonic activation energies as low as 83(10) meV, measured for ImEA[SnI4]. When combined with superior light absorption capabilities relative to their lead congeners, this allowed fabrication of lead-free solar cells with incident photon-to-current and power conversion efficiencies of up to 70 % and 2.26 %, respectively, which are amongst the highest values reported for pure n = 1 2D group 14 metal halide perovskites. In fact, these values are superior to the corresponding lead iodide material, which demonstrates that 2D Sn-based materials have significant potential as less toxic alternatives to their Pb counterparts

Effects of red grape, wild grape and black raspberry wines on ground pork during refrigerated storage

The effects of red grape, wild grape and black raspberry wines on the quality of ground pork during a 15 days refrigerated storage period were investigated. The levels of phenolic compounds were the highest in black raspberry wine (P0.05). The addition of 5% and 10% wine influenced the quality of ground pork by decreasing pH, inhibiting the progression of lipid oxidation and the formation of total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), and stabilizing the red colour of the ground pork compared to control samples to which no wine was added. In ground pork, addition of red grape wine led to lower concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS, 0.19–0.39 mg kg−1) and TVB-N values (69.1–119.9 mg kg−1) than wild grape (0.16–0.43 mg kg−1 and 72.0–194.1 mg kg−1, respectively) or black raspberry wine (0.33–0.58 mg kg−1 and 81.7–225.4 mg kg−1, respectively) up to 10 days of storage. Results from the present study suggested that the quality of ground pork was affected by wine type and storage period. These effects could be due to phenolic compounds as well as other chemical components of the wines

Outcomes of parathyroidectomy versus calcimimetics for secondary hyperparathyroidism and kidney transplantation: a propensity-matched analysis (vol 405, pg 851, 2020)

An Erratum to this paper has been published:Vascular Surger

Timing of Parathyroidectomy Does Not Influence Renal Function After Kidney Transplantation

Background Parathyroidectomy (PTx) is the treatment of choice for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with therapy-resistant hyperparathyroidism (HPT). The optimal timing of PTx for ESRD-related HPT—before or after kidney transplantation (KTx)—is subject of debate. Methods Patients with ESRD-related HPT who underwent both PTx and KTx between 1994 and 2015 were included in a multicenter retrospective study in four university hospitals. Two groups were formed according to treatment sequence: PTx before KTx (PTxKTx) and PTx after KTx (KTxPTx). Primary endpoint was renal function (eGFR, CKD-EPI) between both groups at several time points post-transplantation. Correlation between the timing of PTx and KTx and the course of eGFR was assessed using generalized estimating equations (GEE). Results The PTxKTx group consisted of 102 (55.1%) and the KTxPTx group of 83 (44.9%) patients. Recipient age, donor type, PTx type, and pre-KTx PTH levels were significantly different between groups. At 5 years after transplantation, eGFR was similar in the PTxKTx group (eGFR 44.5 ± 4.0 ml/min/1.73 m2 ) and KTxPTx group (40.0 ± 6.4 ml/min/1.73 m2 , p = 0.43). The unadjusted GEE model showed that timing of PTx was not correlated with graft function over time (mean difference -1.0 ml/min/1.73 m2 , 95% confidence interval -8.4 to 6.4, p = 0.79). Adjustment for potential confounders including recipient age and sex, various donor characteristics, PTx type, and PTH levels did not materially influence the results. Conclusions In this multicenter cohort study, timing of PTx before or after KTx does not independently impact graft function over time

Associations of autozygosity with a broad range of human phenotypes

In many species, the offspring of related parents suffer reduced reproductive success, a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression. In humans, the importance of this effect has remained unclear, partly because reproduction between close relatives is both rare and frequently associated with confounding social factors. Here, using genomic inbreeding coefficients (F-ROH) for >1.4 million individuals, we show that F-ROH is significantly associated (p <0.0005) with apparently deleterious changes in 32 out of 100 traits analysed. These changes are associated with runs of homozygosity (ROH), but not with common variant homozygosity, suggesting that genetic variants associated with inbreeding depression are predominantly rare. The effect on fertility is striking: F-ROH equivalent to the offspring of first cousins is associated with a 55% decrease [95% CI 44-66%] in the odds of having children. Finally, the effects of F-ROH are confirmed within full-sibling pairs, where the variation in F-ROH is independent of all environmental confounding.Peer reviewe