A crónica em Ernesto Lara, Filho: baseado nas crónicas da Roda Gigante

Tese de mestrado, Estudos Românicos, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2009Sem a penetração da Língua Portuguesa por terras africanas, concretamente em Angola, desde o período da Expansão por navegantes, marinheiros e religiosos portugueses, não teria sido possível desenvolver este trabalho, que numa perspectiva cultural aborda a alteração que a escrita da crónica produzida no jornal num determinado momento, teria provocado, e, os efeitos que se registaram desde aí na sociedade angolana e na Literatura Portuguesa. Primeiro pelos intervenientes em contacto e depois pela escolarização disponibilizada naquele território, os africanos souberam aproveitar dos portugueses um sistema literário que lhes era oferecido e alterar um paradigma civilizacional, o passar do conhecimento através da escrita. Demonstraram com essa aquisição, serem capazes não só de desenvolver a sua cultura, como também de prosseguir a criação de uma literatura de raízes africanas capaz de se distinguir da original. Desta sua capacidade de aceitação e de adaptação à nova realidade, os angolanos procuraram criar no seu espaço, por oposição a uma forma expressa pelo colonizador, elementos que haveriam de constituir a base dos seus valores identitários e, com estes afirmarem-se no espaço cultural comum. Assistimos por esta via, ao crescimento da obra de Ernesto Lara (Filho) através da crónica desenvolvida no campo jornalístico, e não só, que esta não perdeu a marca de uma escrita literária, participando dessa forma singular no processo de criação da literatura. Por essas razões se determinou a importância de que se revestia o estudo da crónica como parte tradicionalmente vocacionada no jornal, tornando-se numa das vias seleccionadas para a divulgação da Língua Portuguesa e do pensamento angolano, contribuindo dessa forma para a definição dos elementos que configuram o padrão cultural angolano. Fica-nos que a Língua Portuguesa ao ser aceite pela comunidade angolana, passou também, a configurar um novo espaço e a prestar um tributo que a faz ganhar novos contornos no enriquecimento gerado a partir do convívio de que desfruta naquelas paragens.Without the penetration of Portuguese language through African land, particularly in Angola, since the period of expansion by Portuguese navigators, sailors and clergy, it wouldn't have been possible to develop this work, that in a cultural perspective addresses the change that the written chronic produced in the paper at a given time would have caused, and the effects that occurred since then in the Angolan society and Portuguese Literature. First by the contact of direct players and then by the education released there, the Africans were able to take advantage of the Portuguese literary system that was offered, and changed a civilization paradigm, the passing of knowledge through writing. They demonstrated with this, being able not only to develop their culture, but also to pursue the creation of a literature with African roots capable to distinguish itself from the original. From this ability to accept and adapt to the new reality, the Angolans searched to create in their space, opposing to a form expressed by the colonizer, elements that would form the basis of their identity values, and with this, assert themselves in the common cultural area. We had watched the growth of the work of Ernesto Lara (Filho), that through chronic developed in the journalistic field and other elements, didn't lost the mark of a literary writing, participating in the natural process of creating literature. For these reasons is determined the importance of the study of chronic traditionally aimed at the newspaper. It had become one of the routes selected for the dissemination of Portuguese language and Angolan thought, thereby contributing to the definition of the elements that shape the Angolan cultural standard. The Portuguese language being accepted by the Angolan community passed also, to be part of a new space and provided a tribute that made it win new outlines in the enrichment generated from the meeting enjoyed between the two cultures

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

Comentários a uma sentença anunciada : o processo Lula

“Comentários a uma sentença: o Caso Lula” é talvez o mais importante documento jurídico publicado no Brasil em décadas. A presente coletânea de artigos nasceu de um movimento espontâneo e bastante significativo de juristas brasileiros e estrangeiros que examinaram cuidadosamente a sentença proferida no âmbito do processo que tramitou na 13ª Vara Federal de Curitiba, no caso que ficou conhecido na mídia como o do “tríplex do Guarujá”. <br>De la presentación de Geraldo Prad

Comentarios a una sentencia anunciada : el proceso Lula

El centenar de textos que conforman este libro -escritos por un movimiento de prestigiosos/as juristas y abogados- desgranan el procedimiento al que fue sometido Lula. En la opinión de las y los autores de los artículos las normas no fueron observadas, y su inobservancia llevó a que se dictaminase una decisión injusta. Frases del estilo "Voy a tomar una decisión revolucionaria, dejando de lado la ley, porque por la ley no se puede condenarlo de ninguna manera”, dichas en los juicios por las más altas autoridades judiciales militares y civiles, hoy son conocidas gracias a quienes se abocaron al trabajo de escuchar los audios de aquellas sesiones, nutriendo las reflexiones que argumentan sobre el imperativo de la hora: restablecer el estado de derecho y absolver al presidente Lula Da Silva

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Erratum to: Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition) (Autophagy, 12, 1, 1-222, 10.1080/15548627.2015.1100356

non present

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field