Customized Lateral Nasal Osteotomy Guide: Three-Dimensional Printer Assisted Fabrication

Lateral osteotomy is a necessity in several rhinoplasty cases. However, it can be challenging for inexperienced surgeons to perform external osteotomy due to difficulties such as lack of control, inconsistent results and technical complications. The present article presents a simplified approach for external lateral nasal osteotomy by using a customized lateral nasal osteotomy guide fabricated with three-dimensional printer. This technique may assist novice surgeons to perform external lateral nasal osteotomy more safely and with reduced operation time and consistent outcomes

Evaluation of the Incidence of Psychiatric Disorders in Dialysis Patients: Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Psychiatric problems are an important concern in chronic illness such as chronic kidney disease. Knowing the frequency of psychiatric disorders may be helpful for improving quality of life in dialysis patients. This study was performed to evaluate psychiatric disorders in patients with chronic renal failure under treatment with dialysis from February 2013 to February 2014 in Shahroud, Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive comparative study, 98 dialysis patients were enrolled and psychiatric disorders were determined by SCL-90-R questionnaire.Results: The results demonstrated that 33 patients (33.7%) had psychiatric disorders, of which 18 patients had major depressive disorder, six had anxiety disorders, six had psychotic disorders and one case having paranoid thoughts, one patient had obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and one patient had phobia disorder.Conclusions: Totally, according to the obtained results in this study it may be concluded that nearly one-third of dialysis patients have psychiatric disorders, with most of these being major depressive disorder

Evaluation of the Incidence of Psychiatric Disorders in Dialysis Patients: Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Psychiatric problems are an important concern in chronic illness such as chronic kidney disease. Knowing the frequency of psychiatric disorders may be helpful for improving quality of life in dialysis patients. This study was performed to evaluate psychiatric disorders in patients with chronic renal failure under treatment with dialysis from February 2013 to February 2014 in Shahroud, Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive comparative study, 98 dialysis patients were enrolled and psychiatric disorders were determined by SCL-90-R questionnaire.Results: The results demonstrated that 33 patients (33.7%) had psychiatric disorders, of which 18 patients had major depressive disorder, six had anxiety disorders, six had psychotic disorders and one case having paranoid thoughts, one patient had obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and one patient had phobia disorder.Conclusions: Totally, according to the obtained results in this study it may be concluded that nearly one-third of dialysis patients have psychiatric disorders, with most of these being major depressive disorder

Relationship between asthma and related factors of birth

BACKGROUND: Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood that causes disturbance in the physical, emotional, mental health, and different information has been mentioned on its risk factors, including factors associated with birth. Therefore, in this study, the relationship between children asthma and factors associated with birth was studied. METHODS: This case-control study was performed on 50 children with asthma as the case group and 150 children hospitalized without asthma as the control group (after matched for age and sex) in an age range of 4-14 years old. Information required on factors affecting asthma was recorded for both groups. Data analysis was performed using SPSS for Windows software. RESULTS: The results of this study showed that the majority of children in the case group were males born through cesarean operation (C-section). A significant difference was seen between two groups in terms of factors such as preterm [odds ratio (OR) = 3.27, confidence interval (CI) 95% = 1.57-6.81] and family history of asthma (OR = 8.50, CI 95% = 4.10-17.60). Regression model of relational variables with asthma show that the family history of asthma was most effective determinant on birth-related factors of asthma. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study showed that positive family history of the disease and premature-birth in infant correlates significantly and directly with asthma occurrence in children. Thus, it is recommended to make further follow-ups in providing prenatal care and early diagnosis of the disease

Global, regional, and national cancer incidence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-Adjusted life-years for 29 cancer groups, 1990 to 2017 : A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study

Importance: Cancer and other noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are now widely recognized as a threat to global development. The latest United Nations high-level meeting on NCDs reaffirmed this observation and also highlighted the slow progress in meeting the 2011 Political Declaration on the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases and the third Sustainable Development Goal. Lack of situational analyses, priority setting, and budgeting have been identified as major obstacles in achieving these goals. All of these have in common that they require information on the local cancer epidemiology. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study is uniquely poised to provide these crucial data. Objective: To describe cancer burden for 29 cancer groups in 195 countries from 1990 through 2017 to provide data needed for cancer control planning. Evidence Review: We used the GBD study estimation methods to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-Adjusted life-years (DALYs). Results are presented at the national level as well as by Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income, educational attainment, and total fertility rate. We also analyzed the influence of the epidemiological vs the demographic transition on cancer incidence. Findings: In 2017, there were 24.5 million incident cancer cases worldwide (16.8 million without nonmelanoma skin cancer [NMSC]) and 9.6 million cancer deaths. The majority of cancer DALYs came from years of life lost (97%), and only 3% came from years lived with disability. The odds of developing cancer were the lowest in the low SDI quintile (1 in 7) and the highest in the high SDI quintile (1 in 2) for both sexes. In 2017, the most common incident cancers in men were NMSC (4.3 million incident cases); tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer (1.5 million incident cases); and prostate cancer (1.3 million incident cases). The most common causes of cancer deaths and DALYs for men were TBL cancer (1.3 million deaths and 28.4 million DALYs), liver cancer (572000 deaths and 15.2 million DALYs), and stomach cancer (542000 deaths and 12.2 million DALYs). For women in 2017, the most common incident cancers were NMSC (3.3 million incident cases), breast cancer (1.9 million incident cases), and colorectal cancer (819000 incident cases). The leading causes of cancer deaths and DALYs for women were breast cancer (601000 deaths and 17.4 million DALYs), TBL cancer (596000 deaths and 12.6 million DALYs), and colorectal cancer (414000 deaths and 8.3 million DALYs). Conclusions and Relevance: The national epidemiological profiles of cancer burden in the GBD study show large heterogeneities, which are a reflection of different exposures to risk factors, economic settings, lifestyles, and access to care and screening. The GBD study can be used by policy makers and other stakeholders to develop and improve national and local cancer control in order to achieve the global targets and improve equity in cancer care. © 2019 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe

Using the Quantum Potential in Elementary Portfolio Management: Some Initial Ideas

Owing to the globalization of the economy, the concept of entangled markets started to form, and this occurrence has smoothed the entrance of quantum mechanics into behavioral finance. In this manuscript, we introduce quantum risk and perform an analysis on portfolio optimization by controlling the quantum potential. We apply this method to eight major indices and construct a portfolio with a minimum quantum risk. The results show quantum risk has a power law behavior with a time-scale just as a standard deviation with different exponents

Using the Quantum Potential in Elementary Portfolio Management: Some Initial Ideas

Owing to the globalization of the economy, the concept of entangled markets started to form, and this occurrence has smoothed the entrance of quantum mechanics into behavioral finance. In this manuscript, we introduce quantum risk and perform an analysis on portfolio optimization by controlling the quantum potential. We apply this method to eight major indices and construct a portfolio with a minimum quantum risk. The results show quantum risk has a power law behavior with a time-scale just as a standard deviation with different exponents

Glanders (Burkholderia mallei infection) in an Iranian man: A case report

Background: Glanders is a rare disease that has been eradicated in many countries but may be difficult to diagnose due to its nonspecific symptoms. This disease, which can be highly fatal if left untreated, is caused by a bacterium called Burkholderia mallei. Humans can get the disease through contact with infected animals, such as horses. Over time, various treatment strategies have been proposed for this disease, and attempts haveeven been made to develop a vaccine, but thus far, no effective vaccine has been developed to prevent it. Case presentation: In this article, we describeacase of Glanders disease in KamkarArabnia Hospital in Qom, Iran. The patient was a 22-year-old man with headache, fever, chills, diarrhea, and vomiting of blood, and was admitted to the infectious ward in isolation. Conclusion: The lack of definitive diagnostic symptoms and the rarity of this disease make it difficult to diagnose, and one should be careful in dealing with its symptoms. Also, paying attention to the patient's medical history and travel history to endemic areas, can lead to timely diagnosis and treatment

Frontal assessment battery in a Persian population with Parkinson's disease

Background: Several studies have indicated that executive dysfunction is the main neuropsychological feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) is a short tool for the assessment of executive functions. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between Persian version of FAB scores and age, education, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and severity of the disease in Iranian patients with PD. Methods: The study involved 60 healthy participants and 60 patients with idiopathic PD. Age, sex, disease duration, and Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores were noted. FAB and MMSE were administered to all participants. Both groups were compared according to FAB scores, MMSE, age, and education. Results: FAB scores were significantly lower in patients with PD than in healthy controls (P<0.05). In patients with PD, FAB scores were correlated with MMSE (P<0.05) but not with UPDRS (P=0.93). Conclusion: FAB scores were significantly lower in Iranian patients with PD in comparison to controls and it can indicate that this battery has good discriminate validity and can be a useful tool to identify executive dysfunction in  Iranian patients with Parkinson’s disease. Also it seems that FAB is not useful test to show disease severity in Iranian patients