17 research outputs found
Making oneself predictable: reduced temporal variability facilitates joint action coordination
Performing joint actions often requires precise temporal coordination of individual actions. The present study investigated how people coordinate their actions at discrete points in time when continuous or rhythmic information about others’ actions is not available. In particular, we tested the hypothesis that making oneself predictable is used as a coordination strategy. Pairs of participants were instructed to coordinate key presses in a two-choice reaction time task, either responding in synchrony (Experiments 1 and 2) or in close temporal succession (Experiment 3). Across all experiments, we found that coactors reduced the variability of their actions in the joint context compared with the same task performed individually. Correlation analyses indicated that the less variable the actions were, the better was interpersonal coordination. The relation between reduced variability and improved coordination performance was not observed when pairs of participants performed independent tasks next to each other without intending to coordinate. These findings support the claim that reducing variability is used as a coordination strategy to achieve predictability. Identifying coordination strategies contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms involved in real-time coordination
A global analysis of Y-chromosomal haplotype diversity for 23 STR loci
In a worldwide collaborative effort, 19,630 Y-chromosomes were sampled from 129 different populations in 51 countries. These chromosomes were typed for 23 short-tandem repeat (STR) loci (DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS385ab, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635, GATAH4, DYS481, DYS533, DYS549, DYS570, DYS576, and DYS643) and using the PowerPlex Y23 System (PPY23, Promega Corporation, Madison, WI). Locus-specific allelic spectra of these markers were determined and a consistently high level of allelic diversity was observed. A considerable number of null, duplicate and off-ladder alleles were revealed. Standard single-locus and haplotype-based parameters were calculated and compared between subsets of Y-STR markers established for forensic casework. The PPY23 marker set provides substantially stronger discriminatory power than other available kits but at the same time reveals the same general patterns of population structure as other marker sets. A strong correlation was observed between the number of Y-STRs included in a marker set and some of the forensic parameters under study. Interestingly a weak but consistent trend toward smaller genetic distances resulting from larger numbers of markers became apparent.Peer reviewe
A Universal Ultracentrifuge Spectrometer Visualizes CNT-Intercalant-Surfactant Complexes
In vitro behavior of layer-by-layer deposited molecular oligoelectrolyte films on Ti-6Al-4V surfaces
Layer-by-layer self-assembled films of molecular oligoelectrolytes were
used to modify Ti-6Al-4V surfaces in order to test their ability as
potential drug delivery system. With regard to medical application the
in vitro behavior of the modified material was investigated. The
Ti-6Al-4V (6% aluminium, 4% vanadium) material was treated in a
layer-by-layer (LbL) process with 2, 4, 6 and 8 layers of molecular
oligoelectrolytes 1 and 2 and thereby doped with a fluorescent reporter
molecule 2. Human osteoblasts were cultured for a period up to 5 days on
the modified material. Ti-6Al-4V surfaces without modification were used
as control. In order to investigate the in vitro behavior of the coating
as well as the influence of components of the coating on osteoblastic
cells, respectively, cell proliferation, differentiation and attachment
of hFOB cells were observed by means of cell number, osteoblastic gene
expression and fluorescence microscopy. Degradation behavior of the OEM
(oligoelectrolyte multilayer film) was examined using optical
spectroscopy. Measurement data imply that the layer-by-layer coating was
successfully assembled on the Ti surface and endures steam
sterilization. The fluorescence signal in cell culture medium increased
strictly linear with increasing pre-assembled number of layers on the
surface. Proliferation rates of the cells in experimental groups did not
differ significantly from each other (P a parts per thousand yen 0.783).
Differentiation pattern was not significantly changed by the coating.
The fluorescent reporter component of the film was absorbed by
osteoblastic cells and was detected by fluorescence microscopy
Manipulating single-wall carbon nanotubes by chemical doping and charge transfer with perylene dyes
Manipulating single-wall carbon nanotubes by chemical doping and charge transfer with perylene dyes
Elevated Levels of the Complement Activation Product C4d in Bronchial Fluids for the Diagnosis of Lung Cancer
Detection of Magnetic Field Intensity Gradient by Homing Pigeons (Columba livia) in a Novel “Virtual Magnetic Map” Conditioning Paradigm
Overnight transduction with foamyviral vectors restores the long-term repopulating activity of Fancc−/− stem cells
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a complex genetic disorder characterized by congenital abnormalities, bone marrow failure, and myeloid malignancies. Identification of 13 FA genes has been instrumental to explore gene transfer technologies aimed at correction of autologous FA-deficient stem cells. To date, 3 human FA stem cell gene therapy trials with standard 4-day transduction protocols using gammaretroviral vectors failed to provide clinical benefit. In addition, 2- to 4 day ex vivo manipulation of bone marrow from mice containing a disruption of the homologue of human FANCC (Fancc) results in a time-dependent increase in apoptosis and a risk for malignant transformation of hematopoietic cells. Here, we show that a 14-hour transduction period allows a foamyviral vector construct expressing the human FANCC cDNA to efficiently transduce murine FA stem cells with 1 to 2 proviral integrations per genome. Functionally, the repopulating activity of Fancc−/− stem cells from reconstituted mice expressing the recombinant FANCC transgene was comparable with wild-type controls. Collectively, these data provide evidence that short-term transduction of c-kit+ cells with a foamyviral vector is sufficient for functional correction of a stem cell phenotype in a murine FA model. These data could have implications for future gene therapy trials for FA patients