POTENCIALIDADE DE UTILIZAÇÃO DA ENERGIA GEOTÉRMICA NO BRASIL – UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

A energia geotérmica, originada do calor proveniente do interior da Terra, é uma fonte de energia que se apresenta como solução para alguns problemas atuais de energia e do meio ambiente. Existem basicamente duas formas de aproveitamento do recurso geotérmico, para geração de eletricidade e para usos diretos. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma revisão de literatura sobre a potencialidade de aplicação da energia geotérmica no Brasil, identificando estudos de potencial geotérmico e experiências de sucesso no país. No Brasil, ainda são poucos os estudos referentes a utilização de energia geotérmica, devido principalmente a comodidade do país quanto às questões energéticas, que tem como base a hidroeletricidade. Através dessa revisão, foi possível identificar no Brasil, o potencial para utilização de recursos de alta, e principalmente, de baixa temperatura, estes últimos indicados para diversas formas de usos diretos, como residencial, industrial e na agricultura, além da recreação. A viabilidade de utilização da energia geotérmica no Brasil ainda é discutida, mas há grande expectativa quanto ao desenvolvimento de técnicas que possibilitem ampliar a utilização da energia geotérmica no país, como através da exploração do potencial geotérmico do Aquífero Guarani e a utilização de bombas de calor geotérmicas.The geothermal energy, originated from the interior heat of the Earth is an energy source that presents a solution to current energy and environment problems. There are basically two ways to use the geothermal resource, electricity generation and direct uses. The objective of this work is to present a literature review on the application of geothermal energy in Brazil, identifying studies of geothermal potential and successful experiences in the country. In Brazil, there are few studies on the use of geothermal energy, mainly due to the convenience of the country regarding energy issues, which is based on hydroelectricity. Throughout this review, it was possible to identified in Brazil, a potential utilization of high and especially, low temperature resources, the last one suitable for several forms of direct uses such as residential, industrial and agricultural, besides recreational. The feasibility of using geothermal energy in Brazil is still debated, but there is great expectations regarding the development of techniques that will allow the expansion of the utilization of geothermal energy in the country, like through the exploration of the geothermal potential of the Guarani Aquifer and the use of Geothermal Heat Pumps

From family successors to successful business leaders:A qualitative study of how high-quality relationships develop in family businesses

Little attention has been given to the role of interpersonal relationships in building the leadership skills of next-generation successors, with most literature focusing on the development of their business and technical skills. Drawing on Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) theory, we qualitatively explore how high-quality relationships develop between next-generation leaders and family and non-family stakeholders and how they impact leadership development. Findings from interviews with 24 next-generation leaders of family businesses in India show that high-quality relationships develop through mutual respect, trust, early affiliation with the business, mentoring, and mutual obligation. By exploring how high-quality relationships develop between next-generation family business leaders and family and non-family stakeholders, we contribute to a finer-grained understanding of successful intergenerational succession in family businesses. We also contribute to LMX theory by considering networks of relationships (and not just dyadic relationships) and by identifying two antecedents that are specific to family businesses (early affiliation with the business and mentoring) to the previously identified ones (trust, mutual respect, and mutual obligation)

Regulatory T cells promote myelin regeneration in the central nervous system

Regeneration of CNS myelin involves differentiation of oligodendrocytes from oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. In multiple sclerosis, remyelination can fail despite abundant oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, suggesting impairment of oligodendrocyte differentiation. T cells infiltrate the CNS in multiple sclerosis, yet little is known about T cell functions in remyelination. We report that regulatory T cells (T$_{reg}$) promote oligodendrocyte differentiation and (re)myelination. T$_{reg}$-deficient mice exhibited substantially impaired remyelination and oligodendrocyte differentiation, which was rescued by adoptive transfer of T$_{reg}$. In brain slice cultures, T$_{reg}$ accelerated developmental myelination and remyelination, even in the absence of overt inflammation. T$_{reg}$ directly promoted oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation and myelination in vitro. We identified CCN3 as a T$_{reg}$-derived mediator of oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination in vitro. These findings reveal a new regenerative function of T$_{reg}$ in the CNS, distinct from immunomodulation. Although the cells were originally named 'T$_{reg}$' to reflect immunoregulatory roles, this also captures emerging, regenerative T$_{reg}$ functions.This work was supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/J01026X/1 and BB/N003721/1, to D.C.F.), The Leverhulme Trust (ECF-2014-390, to Y.D.), QUB (QUB - Lucy McGuigan Bequest, to D.C.F.), The UK Multiple Sclerosis Society (941 and 50, to R.J.M.F. and C.Z.), MRC UK Regenerative Medicine platform (MR/KO26666/1, to A.C.W.), University of Edinburgh Wellcome Trust Multi User Equipment Grant (WT104915MA, to A.C.W.), by a core support grant from the Wellcome Trust and MRC to the Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute (097922/Z/11/Z to R.J.M.F.), studentship support from Dept. for the Economy (Northern Ireland) and British Pathological Society, US National Multiple Sclerosis Society (RG5203A4, to J.R.C.), NIH/NINDS (NS095889, to J.R.C.), NIH/NIGMS IRACDA Postdoctoral Fellowship (K12GM081266, to S.R.M.) and Wellcome Trust (110138/Z/15/Z, to D.C.F.)

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Social and structural contexts of injectable opioid agonist treatment : a critical ethnographic study of people's experiences in Vancouver, BC

The full abstract for this thesis is available in the body of the thesis, and will be available when the embargo expires.Graduate and Postdoctoral StudiesGraduat

Student Anthropologist : the Journal of the Anthropology Students Association of UBC, Vol. 2, issue 1

Building on last year's successful launch of the journal, Student Anthropologist continues the tradition of giving students in Anthropology and any students interested in anthropology, the chance to make their voices heard on issues they find pertinent. The journal gives students an opportunity to see their work in print, providing them a chance to see what the world of anthropology is all about once they leave the confines of university. Eight submissions were selected this year, based on the input of five editors. The topics are diverse, covering issues such as consumerism, cultural appropriation, land ownership, and indigenous rights. As with last year, the papers are of cultural anthropology, again due to greater interest in topics in that field.Arts, Faculty ofAnthropology, Department ofUnreviewedUndergraduat

A (In)Visibilidade do Graffiti e da Pichação: Subjetivando Juventudes?

Esse trabalho tem como objetivo compreender o significado do graffiti e da pichação para os jovens transgressores, assim como as motivações, sentimentos e relações sociais implícitas nessas práticas. Fizeram parte deste estudo seis jovens em conflito com a lei, que possuíam envolvimento com pichação numa cidade no interior do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Os critérios de seleção para a participação neste estudo foram: possuir envolvimento com pichação ou graffiti, ter idade entre 15 a 29 anos. Como instrumento para a coleta de dados, foi utilizada uma entrevista com roteiro semiestruturado, que abordou os seguintes tópicos: dados sociodemográficos, informações sobre as vivências relacionadas ao envolvimento com graffiti e pichação, e os significados atribuídos a essa infração. Os dados obtidos com as entrevistas foram analisados qualitativamente. As informações foram organizadas em duas categorias temáticas: “Adrenalina e Visibilidade” e “Expressão e Subjetividade”. Os resultados evidenciaram questões relacionadas à necessidade dos jovens de se expressar e se comunicar, enquanto sujeitos, ressaltando a importância de compreender por quais espaços circulam, que lugar ocupam no contemporâneo e o que querem por meio dessas intervenções. Por fim, destaca-se a forma com que a juventude tem se relacionado com o risco e como tem sido tratada no contemporâneo, em meio a espaços restritos e limitados, em que a marginalização e a criminalização dessas manifestações sociais se fazem presentes. Desse modo, ressaltam-se as potencialidades do graffiti e da pichação enquanto poder criativo, transformador e subjetivador para além da transgressão