Multi-step Bose-Einstein Condensation of Trapped Ideal Bose Gases

The Phenomenon of multi-step Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of a finite number of non-interacting bosons in anisotropic traps has been demonstrated by studing the populations on eight subsets of states. The cusp in the specific heat is found to be associated with the crossover between subsets of states involving Bose functions $g_{n}(z)$ of different classes, as specified by their behaviour at $z=1$. {PACS: 03.75.Fi, 05.30.-d, 64.60.-i}Comment: 12 Pages with 3 PS figure

Effects of Peer Mentoring on Types of Mentor Support, Program Satisfaction and Graduate Student Stress: A Dyadic Perspective

Examines the effects of a graduate student peer-mentoring program from the perspectives of both members of the mentoring dyad, the mentors and proteges. Results indicate that peer mentoring provides students with both increased levels of psychosocial and instrumental support, and that those with high levels of support are more satisfied with their peer mentoring relationships

Dressed States of a two component Bose-Einstein Condensate

A condensate with two internal states coupled by external electromagnetic radiation, is described by coupled Gross Pitaevskii equations, whose eigenstates are analogous to the dressed states of quantum optics. We solve for these eigenstates numerically in the case of one spatial dimension, and explore their properties as a function of system parameters. In contrast to the quantum optical case, the condensate dressed states exhibit spatial behaviour which depends on the system parameters, and can be manipulated by changing the cw external field.Comment: 6 pages, including 6 figures. This paper was presented at ACOLS98, and is submitted to a special issue of J. Opt.

Recent Experiments with Bose-Condensed Gases at JILA

We consider a binary mixture of two overlapping Bose-Einstein condensates in two different hyperfine states of \Rb87 with nearly identical magnetic moments. Such a system has been simply realized through application of radiofrequency and microwave radiation which drives a two-photon transition between the two states. The nearly identical magnetic moments afford a high degree of spatial overlap, permitting a variety of new experiments. We discuss some of the conditions under which the magnetic moments are identical, with particular emphasis placed on the requirements for a time-averaged orbiting potential (TOP) magnetic trap.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures; corrected post-publication editio

Mentoring and Self-Management Career Strategies For Entrepreneurs

The purpose of this article is to examine the literature on self management and mentoring to develop practical methods of enhancing the career success of entrepreneurs. The authors believe that both behavioural and cognitive self-management strategies can be useful to entrepreneurs. These techniques include goal-setting, self-observation, self-rewards, cueing, self-talk, visualization and the active reframing of obstacles into opportunities. In addition, the varying roles and functions of mentors, including emotional, vocational and role modelling support, will have many positive benefits for both entrepreneurial proteges and mentors. Recommendations for furture research and an entrepreneurial model of career development are provided

Mentoring and Self-Management Career Strategies For Entrepreneurs

The purpose of this article is to examine the literature on self management and mentoring to develop practical methods of enhancing the career success of entrepreneurs. The authors believe that both behavioural and cognitive self-management strategies can be useful to entrepreneurs. These techniques include goal-setting, self-observation, self-rewards, cueing, self-talk, visualization and the active reframing of obstacles into opportunities. In addition, the varying roles and functions of mentors, including emotional, vocational and role modelling support, will have many positive benefits for both entrepreneurial proteges and mentors. Recommendations for furture research and an entrepreneurial model of career development are provided

Master-slave principle applied to an electrically tunable swept source-OCT system

In this communication, we evaluate the suitability of Master-Slave (MS) optical coherence tomography (OCT) for processing of interferograms generated by an interferometer driven by an akinetic, electrically-tunable swept source from Insight with an ultra-large instantaneous coherence length. The akinetic source is programmed to sweep linearly, but within the sweep, at predictable times, the laser tuning introduces invalid regions in the interferogram, which are normally removed post-acquisition using a pre-calibration file. This makes sure that any optical frequency component is used once only and enables correct operation of a Fourier transform (FT). A FT applied to an unprocessed emitted spectrum leads to wide and numerous peaks in the A-scan. MS processing was introduced to avoid the necessary corrections demanded by conventional FT signal processing or its derivatives. The MS procedure consists of comparing photo-detected signals at the output of two interferometers, a Slave and a Master interferometer. The MS method was advanced along two avenues, either by using (i) electricallygenerated master signals (making use of the same interferometer twice) or (ii) optically-generated master signal via a recently introduced MS down-conversion procedure. We apply both avenues to the Insight source. Approach (i) tests the MS principle as an alternative to the Insight file correction while (ii) demonstrates near coherencelimited operation at a large axial range (>80 mm) for which a too-high sampling rate digitizer would have been needed. In this communication, we evaluate for the first time the suitability of the MS procedure to OCT measurements performed with the akinetic swept source commercialized by Insight. Two modalities are evaluated to implement the MS processing, based on: (i) digital generation of the master signals using the OCT interferometer and (ii) down conversion using a second interferometer driven by the swept source

Dynamics of collapsing and exploding Bose-Einstein condensate

Recently, Donley et al. performed an experiment on the dynamics of collapsing and exploding Bose-Einstein condensates by suddenly changing the scattering length of atomic interaction to a large negative value on a preformed repulsive condensate of $^{85}$Rb atoms in an axially symmetric trap. Consequently, the condensate collapses and ejects atoms via explosions. We show that the accurate numerical solution of the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation with axial symmetry can explain some aspects of the dynamics of the collapsing condensate.Comment: 4 latex pages, 3 postscript figure

Bose-Einstein condensation thermodynamics of a trapped gas with attractive interaction

We study the Bose-Einstein condensation of an interacting gas with attractive interaction confined in a harmonic trap using a semiclassical two-fluid mean-field model. The condensed state is described by converged numerical solution of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. By solving the system of coupled equations of this model iteratively we obtain converged results for the temperature dependencies of the condensate fraction, chemical potential, and internal energy for the Bose-Einstein condensate of $^7$Li atoms.Comment: Five latex pages, four postscript figures, Accepted in Physica