3 research outputs found
Understanding genetic diversity, structure and population
Not AvailableRoses are the most important commercial ornamental plants
grown for flowers, perfumery and nutraceutical
compounds. Commercially cultivated roses (Rosa × hybrida
L.) are complex interspecific hybrids probably derived from
8-10 wild species among the large diversity of 130-200
species in genus Rosa. Wild germplasm is a primary source
of variability and plays a major role in improving existing
varieties by broadening their genetic base. In the present
investigation, we have utilized the previously identified SSR
primers for studying the diversity among 148 selected rose
genotypes, including wild species and cultivated varieties
of Indian and exotic origin. A total of 88 alleles was scored
using 30 polymorphic loci; they produced average 2.9±1
alleles per locus. Polymorphism information content (PIC)
values for different SSR loci ranged from 0.08 to 0.8 with a
mean value of 0.5±0.2. The neighbor-joining tree generated
based on Nei’s (1978) genetic distance values grouped the
population into three major clusters. Cluster-I & II consists
of all modern rose cultivars (Rosa × hybrida L.) originated
from India and cluster-III consists of all exotic cultivars,
wild species and a few cultivars from India. STRUCTURE
analysis based on microsatellite allelic data, partitioned
the total rose genotypes into four different sub-populations
with some individual genotypes having genomic admixture.
Population subdivision estimates, FST between different
subpopulations ranged from 0.01-0.15 indicates low to
moderate level of divergence existing among the rose
cultivars and germplasm. Population differentiation in rose
cultivars and wild species corresponds to their geographical
origin and lineages. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA)
results revealed that 83.12 % of the variance was accounted
for by within sub-groups followed by significant levels of
variation among the populations (10.42%) and least variance
(6.46%) was noticed among individuals within groupsNot Availabl
Low-latency Gravitational-wave Alerts for Multimessenger Astronomy during the Second Advanced LIGO and Virgo Observing Run
Advanced LIGO's second observing run (O2), conducted from November 30, 2016
to August 25, 2017, combined with Advanced Virgo's first observations in August
2017 witnessed the birth of gravitational-wave multi-messenger astronomy. The
first ever gravitational-wave detection from the coalescence of two neutron
stars, GW170817, and its gamma-ray counterpart, GRB 170817A, led to an
electromagnetic follow-up of the event at an unprecedented scale. Several teams
from across the world searched for EM/neutrino counterparts to GW170817, paving
the way for the discovery of optical, X-ray, and radio counterparts. In this
article, we describe the online identification of gravitational-wave transients
and the distribution of gravitational-wave alerts by the LIGO and Virgo
collaborations during O2. We also describe the gravitational-wave observables
which were sent in the alerts to enable searches for their counterparts.
Finally, we give an overview of the online candidate alerts shared with
observing partners during O2. Alerts were issued for 14 candidates, six of
which have been confirmed as gravitational-wave events associated with the
merger of black holes or neutron stars. Eight of the 14 alerts were issued less
than an hour after data acquisition.Comment: 27 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in the
Astrophysical Journa
Medium modification of the shape of small-radius jets in central Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2:76 TeV
Abstract: We present the measurement of a new set of jet shape observables for track- based jets in central Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV. The set of jet shapes includes the first radial moment or angularity, g; the momentum dispersion, pTD; and the differ- ence between the leading and sub-leading constituent track transverse momentum, LeSub.
These observables provide complementary information on the jet fragmentation and can constrain different aspects of the theoretical description of jet-medium interactions. The jet shapes were measured for a small resolution parameter R = 0.2 and were fully corrected to
particle level. The observed jet shape modifications indicate that in-medium fragmentation
is harder and more collimated than vacuum fragmentation as obtained by PYTHIA cal- culations, which were validated with the measurements of the jet shapes in proton-proton
collisions at √s = 7 TeV. The comparison of the measured distributions to templates for
quark and gluon-initiated jets indicates that in-medium fragmentation resembles that of quark jets in vacuum. We further argue that the observed modifications are not consistent with a totally coherent energy loss picture where the jet loses energy as a single colour charge, suggesting that the medium resolves the jet structure at the angular scales probed
by our measurements (R = 0.2). Furthermore, we observe that small-R jets can help to
isolate purely energy loss effects from other effects that contribute to the modifications of the jet shower in medium such as the correlated background or medium response