Hybrid catalysis for enantioselective Baeyer-Villiger oxidation and stereoselective epoxidation: a Cp*Ir complex to fuel FMN and FAD reduction for flavoprotein monooxygenase modules

Taking advantage of the unique properties of two-component flavo-monooxygenases and the ability of [Cp*Ir(bpy-OMe)H]+ to transfer hydrides to reduce flavins, we extended the scope of the pH- and oxygen-robust iridium(iii)-complex to drive the enzymatic reaction of a FMN-dependent Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase and a FAD-dependent styrene monooxygenase (respectively FPMO Group C and E), using formic acid as H-donor for NADH recycling

Estimation of genetic parameters for growth, carcass and overfeeding traits in a white geese strain

In an experimental strain of white plumage geese created in 1989, two experiments were carried out from 1993 to 1995 in order to estimate genetic parameters for growth, and carcass composition traits in non-overfed animals, and genetic parameters for growth and fatty liver formation in overfed animals. Four hundred and thirty-one non-overfed animals were bred and slaughtered at 11 weeks of age; they were measured for forearm length, keel bone length, chest circumference and breast depth before and after slaughtering. The carcasses were partly dissected in order weigh breast, breast muscle and skin + fat, and abdominal fat. Four hundred and seventy-seven overfed animals were slaughtered at 20 weeks of age; they were measured for "paletot" (breast meat, bone and meat from wings, bone and meat from thigh and legs) weight and liver weight. In these two experiments, the weights had moderate to high heritability values. Breast depth measured on live animals showed a low heritability value. In overfed animals, liver weight showed a high heritability value. Liver weight could be increased by selection without a great effect on "paletot" weight. Thus, obtaining a white plumage geese strain for fatty liver production by selection would be difficult because only 20% of overfed animals had fatty liver. The results did not allow to conclude on the influence of selection on liver weight on carcass traits such as muscle or fatty tissue weight

Efficacité théorique d'un indice de sélection sur collatéraux pour le foie gras de l'oie Landaise

L’efficacité théorique d’un indice de sélection sur collatéraux pour améliorer le poids du foie gras de l’oie Landaise est étudiée. Sur m oisons disponibles par oie et saison de reproduction, n sont gavés et abattus pour servir de test des reproducteurs, m - n animaux contemporains (dont la moitié de chaque sexe) sont candidats à la sélection. Cela revient à chercher l’optimum pour n, de façon à maximiser le produit de l’intensité de sélection par la corrélation entre la valeur génétique additive et celle estimée par l’indice de sélection. Une solution sub-optimale est trouvée, pour un intervalle de génération de un an. Une solution pratique est proposée pour un noyau de sélection de faible effectif (160 oies).Theoretical efficacy of a selection index to increase fat liver production of Landaise goose is studied. For m goslings per goose in each reproductive season, n are force feeded and slaughtered for the test of breeding animals, m - n contemporaneous animals (half of each sex) are candidates for selection. We have to look for an optimum for n, number of animals of test, in order to maximise the product of selection intensity and correlation between additive genetic value and the one estimated by the selection index. A sub optimum solution is found, with a generation interval of one year. A practical solution is proposed for a nucleus of limited size (160 geese)

Etude de quelques facteurs de variation du poids à deux mois et des performances de prégavage et de gavage d'oies Landaises en station

International audienc

Paramètres génétiques des caractères de croissance, de gavage et de foie gras dans le croisement de deux souches d'oies (Anser anser) sélectionnées

International audienc

Children with mixed developmental language disorder have more insecure patterns of attachment.

Developmental Language disorders (DLD) are developmental disorders that can affect both expressive and receptive language. When severe and persistent, they are often associated with psychiatric comorbidities and poor social outcome. The development of language involves early parent-infant interactions. The quality of these interactions is reflected in the quality of the child's attachment patterns. We hypothesized that children with DLD are at greater risk of insecure attachment, making them more vulnerable to psychiatric comorbidities. Therefore, we investigated the patterns of attachment of children with expressive and mixed expressive- receptive DLD. Forty-six participants, from 4 years 6 months to 7 years 5 months old, 12 with expressive Specific Language Impairment (DLD), and 35 with mixed DLD, were recruited through our learning disorder clinic, and compared to 23 normally developing children aged 3 years and a half. The quality of attachment was measured using the Attachment Stories Completion Task (ASCT) developed by Bretherton. Children with developmental mixed language disorders were significantly less secure and more disorganized than normally developing children. Investigating the quality of attachment in children with DLD in the early stages could be important to adapt therapeutic strategies and to improve their social and psychiatric outcomes later in life

High-alpine peasants : way of life and alimentation during the 19th century

Environment and way of life in the Hautes-Alpes during the 19th century.Agriculture and breeding of mountain.Diet : expressionof a close "people-envronment" relationshi