Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

Evolution of the longitudinal and azimuthal structure of the near-side jet peak in Pb-Pb collisions at 1asNN = 2.76 TeV

In two-particle angular correlation measurements, jets give rise to a near-side peak, formed by particles associated to a higher-pT trigger particle. Measurements of these correlations as a function of pseudorapidity ( \u3b7) and azimuthal ( \u3c6) differences are used to extract the centrality and pT dependence of the shape of the near-side peak in the pT range 1 < pT < 8 GeV/c in Pb-Pb and pp collisions at 1asNN = 2.76 TeV. A combined fit of the near-side peak and long-range correlations is applied to the data and the peak shape is quantified by the variance of the distributions. While the width of the peak in the \u3c6 direction is almost independent of centrality, a significant broadening in the \u3b7 direction is found from peripheral to central collisions. This feature is prominent for the low-pT region and vanishes above 4 GeV/c. The widths measured in peripheral collisions are equal to those in pp collisions in the \u3c6 direction and above 3 GeV/c in the \u3b7 direction. Furthermore, for the 10% most central collisions and 1 < pT,assoc < 2 GeV/c, 1 < pT,trig < 3 GeV/c, a departure from a Gaussian shape is found: a depletion develops around the center of the peak. The results are compared to A Multi-Phase Transport (AMPT) model simulation as well as other theoretical calculations indicating that the broadening and the development of the depletion are connected to the strength of radial and longitudinal flow

Evaluating the incidence of pathological complete response in current international rectal cancer practice: the barriers to widespread safe deferral of surgery

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: , which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/codi.14361. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions."Colorectal Disease © 2018 The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland Introduction: The mainstay of management for locally advanced rectal cancer is chemoradiotherapy followed by surgical resection. Following chemoradiotherapy, a complete response may be detected clinically and radiologically (cCR) prior to surgery or pathologically after surgery (pCR). We aim to report the overall complete pathological response (pCR) rate and the reliability of detecting a cCR by conventional pre-operative imaging. Methods: A pre-planned analysis of the European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP) 2017 audit was performed. Patients treated by elective rectal resection were included. A pCR was defined as a ypT0 N0 EMVI negative primary tumour; a partial response represented any regression from baseline staging following chemoradiotherapy. The primary endpoint was the pCR rate. The secondary endpoint was agreement between post-treatment MRI restaging (yMRI) and final pathological staging. Results: Of 2572 patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery in 277 participating centres across 44 countries, 673 (26.2%) underwent chemoradiotherapy and surgery. The pCR rate was 10.3% (67/649), with a partial response in 35.9% (233/649) patients. Comparison of AJCC stage determined by post-treatment yMRI with final pathology showed understaging in 13% (55/429) and overstaging in 34% (148/429). Agreement between yMRI and final pathology for T-stage, N-stage, or AJCC status were each graded as ‘fair’ only (n = 429, Kappa 0.25, 0.26 and 0.35 respectively). Conclusion: The reported pCR rate of 10% highlights the potential for non-operative management in selected cases. The limited strength of agreement between basic conventional post-chemoradiotherapy imaging assessment techniques and pathology suggest alternative markers of response should be considered, in the context of controlled clinical trials

Production of (anti-)He-3 and (anti-)H-3 in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

The transverse momentum (p(T)) differential yields of (anti-)He-3 and (anti-)H-3 measured in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV with ALICE at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented. The ratios of the p(T)-integrated yields of (anti-)He-3 and (anti-)H-3 to the proton yields are reported, as well as the pT dependence of the coalescence parameters B-3 for (anti-)He-3 and (anti-)H-3. For (anti-)He-3, the results obtained in four classes of the mean charged-particle multiplicity density are also discussed. These results are compared to predictions from a canonical statistical hadronization model and coalescence approaches. An upper limit on the total yield of (4)(He) over bar is determined

Production of (anti-)He-3 and (anti-)H-3 in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

none1004noThe transverse momentum (p(T)) differential yields of (anti-)He-3 and (anti-)H-3 measured in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV with ALICE at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented. The ratios of the p(T)-integrated yields of (anti-)He-3 and (anti-)H-3 to the proton yields are reported, as well as the pT dependence of the coalescence parameters B-3 for (anti-)He-3 and (anti-)H-3. For (anti-)He-3, the results obtained in four classes of the mean charged-particle multiplicity density are also discussed. These results are compared to predictions from a canonical statistical hadronization model and coalescence approaches. An upper limit on the total yield of (4)(He) over bar is determined.noneAcharya, S.; Adamova, D.; Adler, A.; Adolfsson, J.; Aggarwal, M. M.; Rinella, G. Aglieri; Agnello, M.; Agrawal, N.; Ahammed, Z.; Ahmad, S.; Ahn, S. U.; Akindinov, A.; Al-Turany, M.; Alam, S. N.; Albuquerque, D. S. D.; Aleksandrov, D.; Alessandro, B.; Alfanda, H. M.; Alfaro Molina, R.; Ali, B.; Ali, Y.; Alici, A.; Alkin, A.; Alme, J.; Alt, T.; Altenkamper, L.; Altsybeev, I; Anaam, M. N.; Andrei, C.; Andreou, D.; Andrews, H. A.; Andronic, A.; Angeletti, M.; Anguelov, V; Anson, C.; Anticic, T.; Antinori, F.; Antonioli, P.; Anwar, R.; Apadula, N.; Aphecetche, L.; Appelshaeuser, H.; Arcelli, S.; Arnaldi, R.; Arratia, M.; Arsene, I. C.; Arslandok, M.; Augustinus, A.; Averbeck, R.; Aziz, S.; Azmi, M. D.; Badala, A.; Baek, Y. W.; Bagnasco, S.; Bai, X.; Bailhache, R.; Bala, R.; Baldisseri, A.; Ball, M.; Balouza, S.; Barbera, R.; Barioglio, L.; Barnafoldi, G. G.; Barnby, L. S.; Barret, V; Bartalini, P.; Barth, K.; Bartsch, E.; Baruffaldi, F.; Bastid, N.; Basu, S.; Batigne, G.; Batyunya, B.; Bauri, D.; Bazo Alba, J. L.; Bearden, I. G.; Bedda, C.; Behera, N. K.; Belikov, I; Bell Hechavarria, A. D. C.; Bellini, F.; Bellwied, R.; Belyaev, V; Bencedi, G.; Beole, S.; Bercuci, A.; Berdnikov, Y.; Berenyi, D.; Bertens, R. A.; Berzano, D.; Besoiu, M. G.; Betev, L.; Bhasin, A.; Bhat, I. R.; Bhat, M. A.; Bhatt, H.; Bhattacharjee, B.; Bianchi, A.; Bianchi, L.; Bianchi, N.; Bielcik, J.; Bielcikova, J.; Bilandzic, A.; Biro, G.; Biswas, R.; Biswas, S.; Blair, J. T.; Blau, D.; Blume, C.; Boca, G.; Bock, F.; Bogdanov, A.; Boi, S.; Boldizsar, L.; Bolozdynya, A.; Bombara, M.; Bonomi, G.; Borel, H.; Borissov, A.; Bossi, H.; Botta, E.; Bratrud, L.; Braun-Munzinger, P.; Bregant, M.; Broz, M.; Brucken, E. J.; Bruna, E.; Bruno, G. E.; Buckland, M. D.; Budnikov, D.; Buesching, H.; Bufalino, S.; Bugnon, O.; Buhler, P.; Buncic, P.; Buthelezi, Z.; Butt, J. B.; Buxton, J. T.; Bysiak, S. A.; Caffarri, D.; Caliva, A.; Calvo Villar, E.; Camacho, R. S.; Camerini, P.; Capon, A. A.; Carnesecchi, F.; Caron, R.; Castellanos, J. Castillo; Castro, A. J.; Casula, E. A. R.; Catalano, F.; Sanchez, C. Ceballos; Chakraborty, P.; Chandra, S.; Chang, W.; Chapeland, S.; Chartier, M.; Chattopadhyay, S.; Chauvin, A.; Cheshkov, C.; Cheynis, B.; Barroso, V. Chibante; Chinellato, D. D.; Cho, S.; Chochula, P.; Chowdhury, T.; Christakoglou, P.; Christensen, C. H.; Christiansen, P.; Chujo, T.; Cicalo, C.; Cifarelli, L.; Cindolo, F.; Cleymans, J.; Colamaria, F.; Colella, D.; Collu, A.; Colocci, M.; Concas, M.; Balbastre, G. Conesa; del Valle, Z. Conesa; Contin, G.; Contreras, J. G.; Cormier, T. M.; Morales, Y. Corrales; Cortese, P.; Cosentino, M. R.; Costa, F.; Costanza, S.; Crochet, P.; Cuautle, E.; Cui, P.; Cunqueiro, L.; Dabrowski, D.; Dahms, T.; Dainese, A.; Damas, F. P. A.; Danisch, M. C.; Danu, A.; Das, D.; Das, I; Das, P.; Das, S.; Dash, A.; Dash, S.; De, S.; De Caro, A.; de Cataldo, G.; de Cuveland, J.; De Falco, A.; De Gruttola, D.; De Marco, N.; De Pasquale, S.; Deb, S.; Debjani, B.; Degenhardt, H. F.; Deja, K. R.; Deloff, A.; Delsanto, S.; Devetak, D.; Dhankher, P.; Di Bari, D.; Di Mauro, A.; Diaz, R. A.; Dietel, T.; Dillenseger, P.; Ding, Y.; Divia, R.; Dixit, D. U.; Djuvsland, O.; Dmitrieva, U.; Dobrin, A.; Doenigus, B.; Dordic, O.; Dubey, A. K.; Dubla, A.; Dudi, S.; Dukhishyam, M.; Dupieux, P.; Ehlers, R. J.; Eikeland, V. N.; Elia, D.; Engel, H.; Epple, E.; Erazmus, B.; Erhardt, F.; Erokhin, A.; Ersdal, M. R.; Espagnon, B.; Eulisse, G.; Evans, D.; Evdokimov, S.; Fabbietti, L.; Faggin, M.; Faivre, J.; Fan, F.; Fantoni, A.; Fasel, M.; Fecchio, P.; Feliciello, A.; Feofilov, G.; Fernandez Tellez, A.; Ferrero, A.; Ferretti, A.; Festanti, A.; Feuillard, V. J. G.; Figiel, J.; Filchagin, S.; Finogeev, D.; Fionda, F. M.; Fiorenza, G.; Flor, F.; Foertsch, S.; Foka, P.; Fokin, S.; Fragiacomo, E.; Frankenfeld, U.; Fuchs, U.; Furget, C.; Furs, A.; Girard, M. Fusco; Gaardhoje, J. J.; Gagliardi, M.; Gago, A. M.; Gal, A.; Galvan, C. D.; Ganoti, P.; Garabatos, C.; Garcia-Solis, E.; Garg, K.; Gargiulo, C.; Garibli, A.; Garner, K.; Gasik, P.; Gauger, E. F.; Gay Ducati, M. B.; Germain, M.; Ghosh, J.; Ghosh, P.; Ghosh, S. K.; Gianotti, P.; Giubellino, P.; Giubilato, P.; Glaessel, P.; Gomez Coral, D. M.; Ramirez, A. Gomez; Gonzalez, V; Gonzalez-Zamora, P.; Gorbunov, S.; Gorlich, L.; Gotovac, S.; Grabski, V; Graczykowski, L. K.; Graham, K. L.; Greiner, L.; Grelli, A.; Grigoras, C.; Grigoriev, V; Grigoryan, A.; Grigoryan, S.; Groettvik, O. S.; Grosa, F.; Grosse-Oetringhaus, J. F.; Grosso, R.; Guernane, R.; Guittiere, M.; Gulbrandsen, K.; Gunji, T.; Gupta, A.; Gupta, R.; Guzman, I. B.; Haake, R.; Habib, M. K.; Hadjidakis, C.; Hamagaki, H.; Hamar, G.; Hamid, M.; Hannigan, R.; Haque, M. R.; Harlenderova, A.; Harris, J. W.; Harton, A.; Hasenbichler, J. A.; Hassan, H.; Hatzifotiadou, D.; Hauer, P.; Hayashi, S.; Heckel, S. T.; Hellbaer, E.; Helstrup, H.; Herghelegiu, A.; Herman, T.; Hernandez, E. G.; Herrera Corral, G.; Herrmann, F.; Hetland, K. F.; Hilden, T. E.; Hillemanns, H.; Hills, C.; Hippolyte, B.; Hohlweger, B.; Horak, D.; Hornung, A.; Hornung, S.; Hosokawa, R.; Hristov, P.; Huang, C.; Hughes, C.; Huhn, P.; Humanic, T. J.; Hushnud, H.; Husova, L. A.; Hussain, N.; Hussain, S. A.; Hutter, D.; Iddon, J. P.; Ilkaev, R.; Inaba, M.; Innocenti, G. M.; Ippolitov, M.; Isakov, A.; Islam, M. S.; Ivanov, M.; Ivanov, V; Izucheev, V; Jacak, B.; Jacazio, N.; Jacobs, P. M.; Jadlovska, S.; Jadlovsky, J.; Jaelani, S.; Jahnke, C.; Jakubowska, M. J.; Janik, M. A.; Janson, T.; Jercic, M.; Jevons, O.; Jin, M.; Jonas, F.; Jones, P. G.; Jung, J.; Jung, M.; Jusko, A.; Kalinak, P.; Kalweit, A.; Kaplin, V; Kar, S.; Uysal, A. Karasu; Karavichev, O.; Karavicheva, T.; Karczmarczyk, P.; Karpechev, E.; Kebschull, U.; Keidel, R.; Keil, M.; Ketzer, B.; Khabanova, Z.; Khan, A. M.; Khan, S.; Khan, S. A.; Khanzadeev, A.; Kharlov, Y.; Khatun, A.; Khuntia, A.; Kileng, B.; Kim, B.; Kim, D.; Kim, D. J.; Kim, E. J.; Kim, H.; Kim, J.; Kim, J. S.; Kim, M.; Kim, S.; Kim, T.; Kirsch, S.; Kisel, I; Kiselev, S.; Kisiel, A.; Klay, J. L.; Klein, C.; Klein, J.; Klein, S.; Klein-Boesing, C.; Kleiner, M.; Kluge, A.; Knichel, M. L.; Knospe, A. G.; Kobdaj, C.; Koehler, M. K.; Kollegger, T.; Kondratyev, A.; Kondratyeva, N.; Kondratyuk, E.; Konig, J.; Konopka, P. J.; Koska, L.; Kovalenko, O.; Kovalenko, V; Kowalski, M.; Kralik, I; Kravcakova, A.; Kreis, L.; Krivda, M.; Krizek, F.; Gajdosova, K. Krizkova; Krueger, M.; Kryshen, E.; Krzewicki, M.; Kubera, A. M.; Kucera, V; Kuhn, C.; Kuijer, P. G.; Kumar, L.; Kumar, S.; Kundu, S.; Kurashvili, P.; Kurepin, A.; Kurepin, A. B.; Kuryakin, A.; Kushpil, S.; Kvapil, J.; Kweon, M. J.; Kwon, J. Y.; Kwon, Y.; La Pointe, S. L.; La Rocca, P.; Lai, Y. S.; Langoy, R.; Lapidus, K.; Lardeux, A.; Larionov, P.; Laudi, E.; Lavicka, R.; Lazareva, T.; Lea, R.; Leardini, L.; Lee, J.; Lee, S.; Lehas, F.; Lehner, S.; Lehrbach, J.; Lemmon, R. C.; Leon Monzon, I; Lesser, E. D.; Lettrich, M.; Levai, P.; Li, X.; Li, X. L.; Lien, J.; Lietava, R.; Lim, B.; Lindenstruth, V; Lindsay, S. W.; Lippmann, C.; Lisa, M. A.; Litichevskyi, V; Liu, A.; Liu, S.; Llope, W. J.; Lofnes, I. M.; Loginov, V; Loizides, C.; Loncar, P.; Lopez, X.; Lopez Torres, E.; Luhder, J. R.; Lunardon, M.; Luparello, G.; Ma, Y.; Maevskaya, A.; Mager, M.; Mahmood, S. M.; Mahmoud, T.; Maire, A.; Majka, R. D.; Malaev, M.; Malik, Q. W.; Malinina, L.; Mal'Kevich, D.; Malzacher, P.; Mandaglio, G.; Manko, V; Manso, F.; Manzari, V; Mao, Y.; Marchisone, M.; Mares, J.; Margagliotti, G., V; Margotti, A.; Margutti, J.; Marin, A.; Markert, C.; Marquard, M.; Martin, N. A.; Martinengo, P.; Martinez, J. L.; Martinez, M., I; Garcia, G. Martinez; Pedreira, M. Martinez; Masciocchi, S.; Masera, M.; Masoni, A.; Massacrier, L.; Masson, E.; Mastroserio, A.; Mathis, A. M.; Matonoha, O.; Matuoka, P. F. T.; Matyja, A.; Mayer, C.; Mazzilli, M.; Mazzoni, M. A.; Mechler, A. F.; Meddi, F.; Melikyan, Y.; Menchaca-Rocha, A.; Mengke, C.; Meninno, E.; Meres, M.; Mhlanga, S.; Miake, Y.; Micheletti, L.; Mihaylov, D. L.; Mikhaylov, K.; Mischke, A.; Mishra, A. N.; Miskowiec, D.; Modak, A.; Mohammadi, N.; Mohanty, A. P.; Mohanty, B.; Khan, M. Mohisin; Mordasini, C.; De Godoy, D. A. Moreira; Moreno, L. A. P.; Morozov, I; Morsch, A.; Mrnjavac, T.; Muccifora, V; Mudnic, E.; Muehlheim, D.; Muhuri, S.; Mulligan, J. D.; Munhoz, M. G.; Munzer, R. H.; Murakami, H.; Murray, S.; Musa, L.; Musinsky, J.; Myers, C. J.; Myrcha, J. W.; Naik, B.; Nair, R.; Nandi, B. K.; Nania, R.; Nappi, E.; Naru, M. U.; Nassirpour, A. F.; Nattrass, C.; Nayak, R.; Nayak, T. K.; Nazarenko, S.; Neagu, A.; Negrao De Oliveira, R. A.; Nellen, L.; Nesbo, S., V; Neskovic, G.; Nesterov, D.; Neumann, L. T.; Nielsen, B. S.; Nikolaev, S.; Nikulin, S.; Nikulin, V; Noferini, F.; Nomokonov, P.; Norman, J.; Novitzky, N.; Nowakowski, P.; Nyanin, A.; Nystrand, J.; Ogino, M.; Ohlson, A.; Oleniacz, J.; Oliveira Da Silva, A. C.; Oliver, M. H.; Oppedisano, C.; Orava, R.; Ortiz Velasquez, A.; Oskarsson, A.; Otwinowski, J.; Oyama, K.; Pachmayer, Y.; Pacik, V; Pagano, D.; Paic, G.; Pan, J.; Pandey, A. K.; Panebianco, S.; Pareek, P.; Park, J.; Parkkila, J. E.; Parmar, S.; Pathak, S. P.; Patra, R. N.; Paul, B.; Pei, H.; Peitzmann, T.; Peng, X.; Pereira, L. G.; Costa, H. Pereira; Peresunko, D.; Perez, G. M.; Lezama, E. Perez; Peskov, V; Pestov, Y.; Petracek, V; Petrovici, M.; Pezzi, R. P.; Piano, S.; Pikna, M.; Pillot, P.; Pimentel, L. O. D. L.; Pinazza, O.; Pinsky, L.; Pinto, C.; Pisano, S.; Pistone, D.; Ploskon, M.; Planinic, M.; Pliquett, F.; Pluta, J.; Pochybova, S.; Poghosyan, M. G.; Polichtchouk, B.; Poljak, N.; Pop, A.; Poppenborg, H.; Porteboeuf-Houssais, S.; Pozdniakov, V; Prasad, S. K.; Preghenella, R.; Prino, F.; Pruneau, C. A.; Pshenichnov, I; Puccio, M.; Punin, V; Putschke, J.; Quishpe, R. E.; Ragoni, S.; Raha, S.; Rajput, S.; Rak, J.; Rakotozafindrabe, A.; Ramello, L.; Rami, F.; Raniwala, R.; Raniwala, S.; Rasanen, S. S.; Rath, R.; Ratza, V; Ravasenga, I; Read, K. F.; Redlich, K.; Rehman, A.; Reichelt, P.; Reidt, F.; Ren, X.; Renfordt, R.; Rescakova, Z.; Revol, J-P; Reygers, K.; Riabov, V; Richert, T.; Richter, M.; Riedler, P.; Riegler, W.; Riggi, F.; Ristea, C.; Rode, S. P.; Rodriguez Cahuantzi, M.; Roed, K.; Rogalev, R.; Rogochaya, E.; Rohr, D.; Rohrich, D.; Rokita, P. S.; Ronchetti, F.; Rosas, E. D.; Roslon, K.; Rossi, A.; Rotondi, A.; Roy, A.; Roy, P.; Rueda, O., V; Rui, R.; Rumyantsev, B.; Rustamov, A.; Ryabinkin, E.; Ryabov, Y.; Rybicki, A.; Rytkonen, H.; Saarimaki, O. A. M.; Sadhu, S.; Sadovsky, S.; Safarik, K.; Saha, S. K.; Sahoo, B.; Sahoo, P.; Sahoo, R.; Sahoo, S.; Sahu, P. K.; Saini, J.; Sakai, S.; Sambyal, S.; Samsonov, V; Sarkar, D.; Sarkar, N.; Sarma, P.; Sarti, V. M.; Sas, M. H. P.; Scapparone, E.; Schaefer, B.; Schambach, J.; Scheid, H. S.; Schiaua, C.; Schicker, R.; Schmah, A.; Schmidt, C.; Schmidt, H. R.; Schmidt, M. O.; Schmidt, M.; Schmidt, N., V; Schmier, A. R.; Schukraft, J.; Schutz, Y.; Schwarz, K.; Schweda, K.; Scioli, G.; Scomparin, E.; Sefcik, M.; Seger, J. E.; Sekiguchi, Y.; Sekihata, D.; Selyuzhenkov, I; Senyukov, S.; Serebryakov, D.; Serradilla, E.; Sevcenco, A.; Shabanov, A.; Shabetai, A.; Shahoyan, R.; Shaikh, W.; Shangaraev, A.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, H.; Sharma, M.; Sharma, N.; Sheikh, A., I; Shigaki, K.; Shimomura, M.; Shirinkin, S.; Shou, Q.; Sibiriak, Y.; Siddhanta, S.; Siemiarczuk, T.; Silvermyr, D.; Simatovic, G.; Simonetti, G.; Singh, R.; Singh, V. K.; Singhal, V; Sinha, T.; Sitar, B.; Sitta, M.; Skaali, T. B.; Slupecki, M.; Smirnov, N.; Snellings, R. J. M.; Snellman, T. W.; Soncco, C.; Song, J.; Songmoolnak, A.; Soramel, F.; Sorensen, S.; Sputowska, I; Stachel, J.; Stan, I; Stankus, P.; Steffanic, P. J.; Stenlund, E.; Stocco, D.; Storetvedt, M. M.; Stritto, L. D.; Suaide, A. A. P.; Sugitate, T.; Suire, C.; Suleymanov, M.; Suljic, M.; Sultanov, R.; Sumbera, M.; Sumowidagdo, S.; Swain, S.; Szabo, A.; Szarka, I; Tabassam, U.; Taillepied, G.; Takahashi, J.; Tambave, G. J.; Tang, S.; Tarhini, M.; Tarzila, M. G.; Tauro, A.; Tejeda Munoz, G.; Telesca, A.; Terrevoli, C.; Thakur, D.; Thakur, S.; Thomas, D.; Thoresen, F.; Tieulent, R.; Tikhonov, A.; Timmins, A. R.; Toia, A.; Topilskaya, N.; Toppi, M.; Torales-Acosta, F.; Torres, S. R.; Trifiro, A.; Tripathy, S.; Tripathy, T.; Trogolo, S.; Trombetta, G.; Tropp, L.; Trubnikov, V; Trzaska, W. H.; Trzcinski, T. P.; Trzeciak, B. A.; Tsuji, T.; Tumkin, A.; Turrisi, R.; Tveter, T. S.; Ullaland, K.; Umaka, E. N.; Uras, A.; Usai, G. L.; Utrobicic, A.; Vala, M.; Valle, N.; Vallero, S.; van Der Kolk, N.; van Doremalen, L. V. R.; van Leeuwen, M.; Vande Vyvre, P.; Varga, D.; Varga, Z.; Varga-Kofarago, M.; Vargas, A.; Vasileiou, M.; Vasiliev, A.; Doce, O. Vazquez; Vechernin, V.; Veen, A. M.; Vercellin, E.; Vergara Limon, S.; Vermunt, L.; Vernet, R.; Vertesi, R.; Vickovic, L.; Vilakazi, Z.; Baillie, O. Villalobos; Villatoro Tello, A.; Vino, G.; Vinogradov, A.; Virgili, T.; Vislavicius, V.; Vodopyanov, A.; Volkel, B.; Voelkl, M. A.; Voloshin, K.; Voloshin, S. A.; Volpe, G.; von Haller, B.; Vorobyev, I; Voscek, D.; Vrlakova, J.; Wagner, B.; Weber, M.; Weber, S. G.; Wegrzynek, A.; Weiser, D. F.; Wenzel, S. C.; Wessels, J. P.; Wiechula, J.; Wikne, J.; Wilk, G.; Wilkinson, J.; Willems, G. A.; Willsher, E.; Windelband, B.; Winn, M.; Witt, W. E.; Wu, Y.; Xu, R.; Yalcin, S.; Yamakawa, K.; Yang, S.; Yano, S.; Yin, Z.; Yokoyama, H.; Yoo, I-K; Yoon, J. 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Investigations of Anisotropic Flow Using Multiparticle Azimuthal Correlations in pp, p-Pb, Xe-Xe, and Pb-Pb Collisions at the LHC

Measurements of anisotropic flow coefficients (vn) and their cross-correlations using two- and multiparticle cumulant methods are reported in collisions of pp at 1as=13\u2009\u2009TeV, p 12Pb at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair 1asNN=5.02\u2009\u2009TeV, Xe-Xe at 1asNN=5.44\u2009\u2009TeV, and Pb-Pb at 1asNN=5.02\u2009\u2009TeV recorded with the ALICE detector. The multiplicity dependence of vn is studied in a very wide range from 20 to 3000 particles produced in the midrapidity region |\u3b7|v3>v4 is found in pp and p 12Pb collisions, similar to that seen in large collision systems, while a weak v2 multiplicity dependence is observed relative to nucleus-nucleus collisions in the same multiplicity range. Using a novel subevent method, v2 measured with four-particle cumulants is found to be compatible with that from six-particle cumulants in pp and p 12Pb collisions. The magnitude of the correlation between v2n and v2m, evaluated with the symmetric cumulants SC(m,n) is observed to be positive at all multiplicities for v2 and v4, while for v2 and v3 it is negative and changes sign for multiplicities below 100, which may indicate a different vn fluctuation pattern in this multiplicity range. The observed long-range multiparticle azimuthal correlations in high multiplicity pp and p 12Pb collisions can neither be described by pythia 8 nor by impact-parameter-Glasma, music, and ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics model calculations, and hence, provide new insights into the understanding of collective effects in small collision systems

Measurement of the Low-Energy Antideuteron Inelastic Cross Section

In this Letter, we report the first measurement of the inelastic cross section for antideuteron-nucleus interactions at low particle momenta, covering a range of 0.3 64p<4 GeV/c. The measurement is carried out using p-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon-nucleon pair of sNN=5.02 TeV, recorded with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC and utilizing the detector material as an absorber for antideuterons and antiprotons. The extracted raw primary antiparticle-to-particle ratios are compared to the results from detailed ALICE simulations based on the geant4 toolkit for the propagation of (anti)particles through the detector material. The analysis of the raw primary (anti)proton spectra serves as a benchmark for this study, since their hadronic interaction cross sections are well constrained experimentally. The first measurement of the inelastic cross section for antideuteron-nucleus interactions averaged over the ALICE detector material with atomic mass numbers \u27e8A\u27e9=17.4 and 31.8 is obtained. The measured inelastic cross section points to a possible excess with respect to the Glauber model parametrization used in geant4 in the lowest momentum interval of 0.3 64p<0.47\u2009\u2009GeV/c up to a factor 2.1. This result is relevant for the understanding of antimatter propagation and the contributions to antinuclei production from cosmic ray interactions within the interstellar medium. In addition, the momentum range covered by this measurement is of particular importance to evaluate signal predictions for indirect dark-matter searches

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic

Aim This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Method This was an international cohort study of patients undergoing elective resection of colon or rectal cancer without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Centres entered data from their first recorded case of COVID-19 until 19 April 2020. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Secondary outcomes included anastomotic leak, postoperative SARS-CoV-2 and a comparison with prepandemic European Society of Coloproctology cohort data. Results From 2073 patients in 40 countries, 1.3% (27/2073) had a defunctioning stoma and 3.0% (63/2073) had an end stoma instead of an anastomosis only. Thirty-day mortality was 1.8% (38/2073), the incidence of postoperative SARS-CoV-2 was 3.8% (78/2073) and the anastomotic leak rate was 4.9% (86/1738). Mortality was lowest in patients without a leak or SARS-CoV-2 (14/1601, 0.9%) and highest in patients with both a leak and SARS-CoV-2 (5/13, 38.5%). Mortality was independently associated with anastomotic leak (adjusted odds ratio 6.01, 95% confidence interval 2.58–14.06), postoperative SARS-CoV-2 (16.90, 7.86–36.38), male sex (2.46, 1.01–5.93), age >70 years (2.87, 1.32–6.20) and advanced cancer stage (3.43, 1.16–10.21). Compared with prepandemic data, there were fewer anastomotic leaks (4.9% versus 7.7%) and an overall shorter length of stay (6 versus 7 days) but higher mortality (1.7% versus 1.1%). Conclusion Surgeons need to further mitigate against both SARS-CoV-2 and anastomotic leak when offering surgery during current and future COVID-19 waves based on patient, operative and organizational risks