A COMPOSTAGEM DA CASCA DE CAFÉ CARBONIZADA FAVORECE A PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE INGÁ

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a casca de café carbonizada e decomposta como componente do substrato para a produção de mudas de Inga vera Willd subsp. affinis (DC). T.D. Penn. por meio da avaliação da sobrevivência e das características morfológicas de crescimento. O experimento foi conduzido em tubetes de 110 cm³, sendo instalado em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, constituindo sete tratamentos, com cinco repetições de oito mudas por parcela. Após 180 dias da semeadura, avaliaram-se a sobrevivência e a altura das mudas, diâmetro do coleto, relação altura/diâmetro do coleto, matéria seca da parte aérea, matéria seca do sistema radicular, matéria seca total, relação matéria seca da parte aérea/raiz, e o Índice de Qualidade de Dickson (IQD). Por meio dos resultados obtidos, constatou-se que a compostagem da casca de café carbonizada melhorou significativamente a qualidade das mudas de Inga vera subsp. affinis, sendo que o substrato contendo este componente resultou nas melhores respostas para a sobrevivência e para a maioria dos parâmetros de qualidade avaliados. Novos estudos são recomendados para se conhecer melhor os efeitos deste componente renovável para a produção de mudas.Palavras-chave: Inga vera subsp. affinis; substrato renovável; compostagem; qualidade de mudas; mudas florestais. CARBONIZED AND DECOMPOSED COFFEE HUSK AS SUBSTRATE COMPONENT FOR INGÁ SEEDLING PRODUCTION ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the carbonized and decomposed coffee husk in the seedling production of Inga vera Willd subsp. affinis (DC). T. D. Penn by assessing the survival and growth. The experiment was conducted in recipient of 110 cm³, being installed in a completely randomized design consisting of seven treatments with five replications of eight seedlings per plot. After 180 days, the survival rate, plant height, stem diameter, ratio between plant height and stem diameter, shoot dry mass, dry mass of root system, total dry mass, dry mass ratio of shoot/root dry mass and Dickson Quality Index (IQD) were evaluated. The composting of the carbonized coffee husk improved the quality of Inga vera subsp. affinis seedlings; and the substrate with proportions of this component resulted in the best responses for survival and most of the quality parameters evaluated. Further studies are recommended to better understand the effects of this component for the seedling production.Keywords: Inga vera subsp. affinis; renewable substrate; composting; seedling quality; forest seedlings

Estudos morfológico e morfométrico do coração e da artéria aorta em ratos adultos desmamados precocemente / Morphological and morphometric studies of the heart and aorta artery in preciously weed adult rats

Objetivo: Realizar uma investigação acerca dos efeitos do desmame precoce sobre a morfologia e morfometria do coração e da artéria aorta de ratos adultos submetidos ao desmame precoce no 15° dia de vida pós-natal. Método: Foram utilizados 16 ratos machos da linhagem Wistar. Os grupos experimentais foram formados pelos grupos DP15 (desmame no 15° dia pós-natal) e C30 (desmame no 30° dia pós-natal), com o 8 ratos cada grupo. Após o desmame, os animais foram separados em gaiolas individuais e no 100° dia de vida pós-natal, foram eutanasiados através da pefusão intracardíaca. O coração e a artéria aorta foram coletados e posteriormente processados para a microscopia de luz. As análises foram realizadas a partir de fotomicrografias e do software ImageJ. Foram avaliados o número de cárdiomiócitos, a área nuclear e a espessura da aorta. Resultado: Os resultados mostraram que o desmame precoce promoveu alterações significativas nas variáveis analisadas, provocando a redução da área nuclear dos cardiomiócitos (C: 16,77µm ± 5,95; DP: 12,48µm ± 7,03), hiperplasia do miocárdio (C: 30,42µm ± 11,38; DP: 48,87µm ± 13,62), diminuição na espessura da artéria aorta (C: 168,56µm ± 46,61; DP: 113,81µm ± 28,01) (C: 130,69µm ± 40,75; DP: 81,62µm ± 19,89). Baseado em nossos resultados podemos sugerir que o desmame precoce é uma agressão perinatal capaz de provocar alterações na morfologia e morfometria do coração e da artéria aorta de ratos. 

How much leaf area do insects eat? A data set of insect herbivory sampled globally with a standardized protocol

Herbivory is ubiquitous. Despite being a potential driver of plant distribution and performance, herbivory remains largely undocumented. Some early attempts have been made to review, globally, how much leaf area is removed through insect feeding. Kozlov et al., in one of the most comprehensive reviews regarding global patterns of herbivory, have compiled published studies regarding foliar removal and sampled data on global herbivory levels using a standardized protocol. However, in the review by Kozlov et al., only 15 sampling sites, comprising 33 plant species, were evaluated in tropical areas around the globe. In Brazil, which ranks first in terms of plant biodiversity, with a total of 46,097 species, almost half (43%) being endemic, a single data point was sampled, covering only two plant species. In an attempt to increase knowledge regarding herbivory in tropical plant species and to provide the raw data needed to test general hypotheses related to plant–herbivore interactions across large spatial scales, we proposed a joint, collaborative network to evaluate tropical herbivory. This network allowed us to update and expand the data on insect herbivory in tropical and temperate plant species. Our data set, collected with a standardized protocol, covers 45 sampling sites from nine countries and includes leaf herbivory measurements of 57,239 leaves from 209 species of vascular plants belonging to 65 families from tropical and temperate regions. They expand previous data sets by including a total of 32 sampling sites from tropical areas around the globe, comprising 152 species, 146 of them being sampled in Brazil. For temperate areas, it includes 13 sampling sites, comprising 59 species

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016

Educomunicação e suas áreas de intervenção: Novos paradigmas para o diálogo intercultural

oai:omp.abpeducom.org.br:publicationFormat/1O material aqui divulgado representa, em essência, a contribuição do VII Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação ao V Global MIL Week, da UNESCO, ocorrido na ECA/USP, entre 3 e 5 de novembro de 2016. Estamos diante de um conjunto de 104 papers executivos, com uma média de entre 7 e 10 páginas, cada um. Com este rico e abundante material, chegamos ao sétimo e-book publicado pela ABPEducom, em seus seis primeiros anos de existência. A especificidade desta obra é a de trazer as “Áreas de Intervenção” do campo da Educomunicação, colocando-as a serviço de uma meta essencial ao agir educomunicativo: o diálogo intercultural, trabalhado na linha do tema geral do evento internacional: Media and Information Literacy: New Paradigms for Intercultural Dialogue

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat