13 research outputs found

    Étude des liens corrĂ©lationnels entre la collaboration Ă©cole-famille, l’implication parentale, les styles Ă©ducatifs des parents et la rĂ©ussite scolaire des Ă©lĂšves du primaire au Burkina Faso

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    Cette recherche quantitative, de type descriptif corrĂ©lationnel, a pour objectifs, d’une part, d’identifier les diffĂ©rents types de collaboration Ă©cole-famille, les types d’implication parentale et les styles Ă©ducatifs des parents et, d’autre part, de dĂ©terminer leurs liens avec la rĂ©ussite scolaire des Ă©lĂšves du primaire au Burkina Faso, notamment ceux en classe de Cours Moyen deuxiĂšme annĂ©e (CM2) selon leur genre et zone de rĂ©sidence. Afin d’atteindre ces objectifs, nous avons adoptĂ© une approche Ă©cosystĂ©mique qui a permis d’aborder Ă  la fois les relations entre les parents et les enfants (microsystĂšme) et celles avec l’école (mĂ©sosystĂšme). Ceci, dans le but de mieux cerner les dynamiques relationnelles qui se dĂ©roulent entre ces diffĂ©rents milieux de vie de l’enfant et de dĂ©terminer leur influence sur ses rĂ©sultats scolaires. À cet effet, des questionnaires Ă©valuant la perception des participants sur les dimensions de la recherche, Ă  savoir la collaboration Ă©cole-famille, l’implication parentale et les styles Ă©ducatifs des parents, ont Ă©tĂ© passĂ©s Ă  615 parents d’élĂšves de CM2 provenant de six rĂ©gions administratives du Burkina Faso, dont deux fortement urbanisĂ©es (rĂ©gions du Centre et des Hauts-Bassins) et quatre principalement rurales (rĂ©gions du Sahel, de l’Est, du Plateau Central et du Centre Est). Une douzaine d’écoles publiques rĂ©parties entre ces rĂ©gions ont Ă©tĂ© retenues dans le cadre de la prĂ©sente recherche. Les donnĂ©es ainsi recueillies ont Ă©tĂ© analysĂ©es avec un logiciel de traitement statistique (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences : SPSS) qui a permis de faire Ă  la fois des analyses descriptives et orrĂ©lationnelles (test du khi-deux). Les rĂ©sultats descriptifs rĂ©vĂšlent la prĂ©sence de diffĂ©rents types de collaboration Ă©cole-famille (information, consultation, coordination et concertation), d’implication parentale (rĂŽles, communications, bĂ©nĂ©volat, soutien aux apprentissages Ă  domicile, prises de dĂ©cisions et collaboration avec la communautĂ©) et de styles Ă©ducatifs (dĂ©mocratique, autoritaire, permissif et nĂ©gligent). Ensuite, les rĂ©sultats corrĂ©lationnels montrent que les relations Ă©cole-famille ne permettent la rĂ©ussite scolaire des Ă©lĂšves que si les parents entretiennent des relations rĂ©guliĂšres et rĂ©ciproques d’information, de consultation, de coordination et de concertation avec les maĂźtres de leurs enfants autour de sujets relatifs au rendement scolaire, au comportement, aux activitĂ©s culturelles, etc. S’agissant de l’implication parentale, il ressort que celle-ci ne favorise la rĂ©ussite scolaire que si les parents s’impliquent de façon continue ou permanente dans les rĂŽles (achats de fournitures scolaires, d’habits, etc.), les communications avec l’école (au sujet du rendement scolaire, du comportement, etc.), les activitĂ©s de bĂ©nĂ©volat (nettoyage, apport d’agrĂ©gats, etc.), les apprentissages Ă  domicile (devoirs, leçons, etc.) et les prises de dĂ©cisions (association des parents, conseil d’établissement, etc.). Pour ce qui concerne la collaboration avec la communautĂ© Ă  travers l’usage des ressources communautaires (centres de lecture, bibliothĂšques,etc.), mĂȘme une faible implication Ă  ce niveau favorise la rĂ©ussite scolaire. Enfin, en ce qui a trait aux styles Ă©ducatifs des parents, les rĂ©sultats indiquent que les styles dĂ©mocratiques et autoritaires sont ceux qui favorisent la rĂ©ussite scolaire, mais avec une lĂ©gĂšre domination du style dĂ©mocratique. En conclusion, nous constatons que la collaboration Ă©cole-famille, l’implication parentale et le style Ă©ducatif dĂ©mocratique favorisent tous la rĂ©ussite scolaire Ă  des niveaux diffĂ©rents. MĂȘmes faibles, des relations rĂ©ciproques entre l’école et la famille sont susceptibles de favoriser la rĂ©ussite scolaire des Ă©lĂšves du primaire dans le contexte burkinabĂ©. Par contre, pour l’implication parentale, il faut gĂ©nĂ©ralement des engagements continus des parents. Le style dĂ©mocratique se prĂ©sente comme celui qui favorise le plus la rĂ©ussite scolaire. Mais les zones de rĂ©sidence (rurales) ont plus d’influence sur toutes ces variables que le genre. D’oĂč l’importance de favoriser ou de promouvoir de vĂ©ritables collaborations entre l’école et la famille en vue de permettre une plus grande rĂ©ussite des Ă©lĂšves, surtout en zones rurales. Les actions de plaidoyer ou de lobbying devraient ainsi aller dans ce sens; elles peuvent ĂȘtre menĂ©es Ă  la fois par les parents Ă  travers leurs structures associatives, les institutions ou organismes oeuvrant dans le domaine de l’éducation, et par la communautĂ© des chercheurs.This quantitative and descriptive correlational research conducted in the context of Burkina Faso, aims 1) to identify the different types of school-family collaboration, parental involvement and parental styles, and 2) to determine their links with the academic success of elementary school students, in particular 6th graders (CM2) according to their gender and area of residence. To achieve these objectives, we adopted an ecosystemic approach that enabled us to tackle both the relationships between parents and children (microsystem) and those with the school (mesosystem). This, in order to better understand the relational dynamics that take place between children's home and school environments and to determine the extent to which these dynamics influence their educational outcomes. To this end, 615 parents of 6th graders responded to a questionnaire assessing their perceptions on the research dimensions, i.e. schoolfamily collaboration, parental involvement and educational styles of parents. The questionnaire was administered in six regions of Burkina Faso, of which two are highly urbanized (Central and Hauts-Bassins regions), and four are primarily rural (Sahel region, Eastern region, the Central Plateau, and Central East). A dozen public schools distributed across these regions were selected for this research. The data thus gathered were analyzed with a well-known statistical software (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences: SPSS) which helped carry out both descriptive and correlational analyses (chi-square test). The descriptive results of our analyses show the presence of different types of school-family collaboration (information, consultation, coordination and cooperation), parental involvement (roles, communications, volunteering, supporting learning at home, decision making and community collaboration) and parenting styles (democratic, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful). As for the correlational results, they showed that the school-family relations promote the academic success of students only if parents maintain regular and reciprocal relationships of information, consultation, coordination and consultation with their children’s teachers about topics related to academic performance, behavior, cultural activities, etc. Regarding parental involvement, it appeared that it supports academic success only if parents are involved continuously in the roles (purchasing school supplies, etc.), communications with the school (academic performance, behavior, etc.), volunteer activities (cleaning, supply of construction materials, etc.), learning at home (homework, lessons, etc.) and decision making (parent association, school council, etc.). With respect to collaboration with the community through the use of community resources (reading center, library, etc.), the results showed that even a low level of involvement at this level promotes academic success. Finally, the results have established that in connection with parenting styles, the democratic and authoritarian styles are those that promote school success, but with a slight domination of the democratic style. In conclusion, we find that the school-family collaborative relationships, parental involvement and democratic educational style all promote academic success at different degrees. Reciprocal relations between school and family, be them weak, can foster the academic success of elementary school students in the Burkinabe context. On the contrary, as far as parental involvement is concerned, sustained commitment is required. The democratic style emerged as the one that promotes success the most. But the area of residence (namely rural) appeared to have more influence on all these variables than gender does. It is therefore important to facilitate or promote genuine school-family collaborative relationships in order to foster greater student success, especially in rural areas. Advocacy or lobbying actions should thus be carried out in this direction; they can be conducted by parents through their associative structures, institutions or organizations working in the field of education as well as the research community

    La collaboration Ă©cole-famille-communautĂ© au sein d’une Ă©cole privĂ©e efficace : quels types de relation et de soutien sont privilĂ©giĂ©s ?

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    L’établissement de pratiques collaboratives entre l’école, la famille et la communautĂ© (ÉFC) apparaĂźt comme un enjeu incontournable pour maximiser les chances de rĂ©ussite des Ă©lĂšves. Cependant, il est difficile de cerner ces pratiques parce qu’elles sont trĂšs diversifiĂ©es en matiĂšre de types et de frĂ©quence d’activitĂ©s et de partenaires impliquĂ©s selon les Ă©tablissements scolaires, l’ordre d’enseignement (le prĂ©scolaire, le primaire et le secondaire) et les caractĂ©ristiques des Ă©lĂšves et de leurs familles (statut socioĂ©conomique, immigration rĂ©cente, intĂ©gration d’élĂšves handicapĂ©s ou en difficultĂ© d’adaptation ou d’apprentissage, etc.), (De Saedeleer et al., 2004 ; LarivĂ©e, Terrisse et Kalubi, 2006). Mais qu’en est-il de la collaboration ÉFC dans les Ă©coles privĂ©es jugĂ©es efficaces ? Quels sont les types de pratiques privilĂ©giĂ©s ? Quelles sont les conditions de rĂ©alisation et les modalitĂ©s de gestion de la collaboration ÉFC ? Dans ce texte, nous abordons ces questions liĂ©es aux pratiques collaboratives ÉFC en Ă©tudiant spĂ©cifiquement la situation d’une Ă©cole privĂ©e jugĂ©e efficace au plan de la rĂ©ussite scolaire et accueillant des Ă©lĂšves d’ñge prĂ©scolaire, primaire et secondaire. Plus spĂ©cifiquement, nous analysons les types de relations et de soutien privilĂ©giĂ©s par cette Ă©cole Ă  l’égard des parents et des membres de la communautĂ©. D’une maniĂšre gĂ©nĂ©rale, les rĂ©sultats indiquent de façon significative que les pratiques de collaboration ÉFC privilĂ©giĂ©es par le personnel scolaire et les parents se situent autour de deux types d’activitĂ©s : les communications entre l’école et la famille ; le suivi et l’encadrement des devoirs et des leçons.The establishment of collaborative practices between the school, the family and the community (SFC) appears as a key issue to maximize the chances of success of students. However, it is difficult to identify these practices because they are very diverse in terms of types and frequency of activities and partners involved depending on the school, the level of education (preschool, primary and secondary) and the characteristics of students and their families (socioeconomic status, recent immigration, integration of students with special needs, etc.) (De Saedeleer et al., 2004, LarivĂ©e, Terrisse et Kalubi, 2006). But what about SFC collaboration in context of private schools and effective schools? What are the types of preferred practices? What are the conditions of realization and the management modalities of the SFC collaboration? In this text, we address these issues related to SFC collaborative practices by specifically studying the situation of a private school deemed effective in terms of academic success and welcoming preschool, primary and secondary school students. More specifically, we analyze the types of relationships and support that this school promote with parents and community members. In general, the results indicate significantly that the SFC collaboration practices favored by school staff and parents revolve around two types of activities: communication between the school and the family; follow-up and supervision of homework and lessons.El establecimiento de unas prĂĄcticas colaborativas entre la escuela, la familia y la comunidad (EFC) surge como un reto indispensable para maximizar las oportunidades de Ă©xito de los alumnos. No obstante, resulta complicado identificar estas prĂĄcticas porque son muy variadas en tĂ©rminos de tipo y de frecuencia de actividades y de colaboradores implicados segĂșn los establecimientos escolares, el nivel de enseñanza (preescolar, primaria y secundaria) y las caracterĂ­sticas de los alumnos y de sus familias (posiciĂłn socioeconĂłmica, inmigraciĂłn reciente, integraciĂłn de alumnos con discapacidades o con dificultades de adaptaciĂłn o de aprendizaje, etc.) (De Saedeleer et al., 2004; LarivĂ©e, Terrisse et Kalubi, 2006). Pero, ÂżquĂ© pasa con la colaboraciĂłn EFC en las escuelas privadas consideradas eficaces? ÂżA quĂ© tipo de prĂĄcticas se da preferencia? ÂżCuĂĄles son las condiciones de realizaciĂłn y las modalidades de gestiĂłn de la colaboraciĂłn EFC? En este texto, abordamos estas cuestiones asociadas con las prĂĄcticas colaborativas EFC por medio del estudio especĂ­fico de la situaciĂłn de una escuela privada considerada eficaz en lo que respecta al Ă©xito escolar y con alumnos de preescolar, primaria y secundaria. De una manera mĂĄs especĂ­fica, analizamos los tipos de relaciones y apoyo preferentes de esta escuela en lo que se refiere a los padres y los miembros de la comunidad. En tĂ©rminos generales, los resultados implican, de forma significativa, que las prĂĄcticas de colaboraciĂłn EFC preferentes para el personal escolar y los padres se articulan en torno a dos tipos de actividades: la comunicaciĂłn entre la escuela y la familia, el seguimiento y la supervisiĂłn de los deberes y de las unidades

    EFFET DE L’ASSOCIATION DE DIFFÉRENTS CULTIVARS DE BANANIERS (MUSA SPP.) TOLÉRANTS SUR L’INCIDENCE DE LA CERCOSPORIOSE NOIRE CHEZ LE CULTIVAR SENSIBLE "ORISHELE" EN CÔTE D’IVOIRE

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    The cultivation of bananas in the classical systems by smallholders is seriously threatened by the Black Leaf Streak Disease (BLSD). The chemical and genetic fight methods against this disease showed some limitations and disadvantages. That suggests the possibility of the efficient use of susceptible banana in combination of tolerant hybrids as fight methods. This study is carried out to assess the performances of various prototypes or associations of banana on the control of BLSD. These protocols can reduce pest pressure in banana farm and increase the yield of the cultivar "Orishele" which is susceptible to BLSD. During eight months of vegetative growth, the varietal association prototypes of banana had shown variable effectiveness face the disease according to the pathological descriptors. "Orishele" cultivar in association plots showed high tolerance level against BLSD than those of non-association plots. In the prototype with a low density of the cultivar "Orishele", the severity indices of the disease were low. When "Orishele" was associated with the tolerant hybrid PITA 3 or the variety "Figue Sucrée", the severity indices were respectively 10.99 % and 11.07 %.When "Orishele" is on non-association plots the severity indices was high (33.47 %). Banana cultivation in combination of susceptible and tolerant varieties in almost equal proportions seems an ideal strategy to slow the spread of the fungus causing BLSD and provide better yield at harvest of susceptible cultivars to the BSD

    An overview of anti-diabetic plants used in Gabon: Pharmacology and Toxicology

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    © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Ethnopharmacological relevance: The management of diabetes mellitus management in African communities, especially in Gabon, is not well established as more than 60% of population rely on traditional treatments as primary healthcare. The aim of this review was to collect and present the scientific evidence for the use of medicinal plants that are in currect by Gabonese traditional healers to manage diabetes or hyperglycaemia based here on the pharmacological and toxicological profiles of plants with anti-diabetic activity. There are presented in order to promote their therapeutic value, ensure a safer use by population and provide some bases for further study on high potential plants reviewed. Materials and methods: Ethnobotanical studies were sourced using databases such as Online Wiley library, Pubmed, Google Scholar, PROTA, books and unpublished data including Ph.D. and Master thesis, African and Asian journals. Keywords including ‘Diabetes’ ‘Gabon’ ‘Toxicity’ ‘Constituents’ ‘hyperglycaemia’ were used. Results: A total of 69 plants currently used in Gabon with potential anti-diabetic activity have been identified in the literature, all of which have been used in in vivo or in vitro studies. Most of the plants have been studied in human or animal models for their ability to reduce blood glucose, stimulate insulin secretion or inhibit carbohydrates enzymes. Active substances have been identified in 12 out of 69 plants outlined in this review, these include Allium cepa and Tabernanthe iboga. Only eight plants have their active substances tested for anti-diabetic activity and are suitables for further investigation. Toxicological data is scarce and is dose-related to the functional parameters of major organs such as kidney and liver. Conclusion: An in-depth understanding on the pharmacology and toxicology of Gabonese anti-diabetic plants is lacking yet there is a great scope for new treatments. With further research, the use of Gabonese anti-diabetic plants is important to ensure the safety of the diabetic patients in Gabon.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

    La collaboration enseignant-parent: quelles strategies pour favoriser des relations harmonieuses?

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    Depuis les quarante derniĂšres annĂ©es, de nombreuses recherches ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©es sur les relations Ă©cole-famille, mais elles portent particuliĂšrement sur la collaboration ou l’implication des parents sans nĂ©cessairement traiter en profondeur la dynamique relationnelle entre parents et enseignants. Dans ce texte, nous prĂ©sentons les rĂ©sultats d’une recherche qui porte sur les stratĂ©gies relationnelles Ă  privilĂ©gier pour favoriser l’établissement de relations harmonieuses entre parents et enseignants. Elle a Ă©tĂ© menĂ©e auprĂšs de parents d’enfants (n=18) et d’enseignants (n=18) du prĂ©scolaire (maternelle 5 ans) ou du primaire (1er, 2e et 3e cycle, soit 6 Ă  11 ans). Nous prĂ©sentons d’abord le contexte et des obstacles entourant les relations Ă©cole-famille. Nous exposons ensuite les stratĂ©gies qui favorisent des relations parent-enseignant harmonieuses puis nous identifions les perceptions communes et spĂ©cifiques qui les caractĂ©risent

    Die Zusammenarbeit von Lehrpersonen und Eltern: Welche Strategien fördern eine harmonische Beziehung?

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    Depuis les quarante derniĂšres annĂ©es, de nombreuses recherches ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©es sur les relations Ă©cole-famille, mais elles portent particuliĂšrement sur la collaboration ou l’implication des parents sans nĂ©cessairement traiter en profondeur la dynamique relationnelle entre parents et enseignants. Dans ce texte, nous prĂ©sentons les rĂ©sultats d’une recherche qui porte sur les stratĂ©gies relationnelles Ă  privilĂ©gier pour favoriser l’établissement de relations harmonieuses entre parents et enseignants. Elle a Ă©tĂ© menĂ©e auprĂšs de parents d’enfants (n=18) et d’enseignants (n=18) du prĂ©scolaire (maternelle5 ans) ou du primaire (1er, 2e et 3e cycle, soit 6 Ă  11 ans). Nous prĂ©sentons d’abord le contexte et des obstacles entourant les relations Ă©cole-famille. Nous exposons ensuite les stratĂ©gies qui favorisent des relations parent-enseignant harmonieuses puis nous identifions les perceptions communes et spĂ©cifiques qui les caractĂ©risent. (DIPF/Orig.)Seit den letzten vierzig Jahren wurde viel Forschung in Bezug auf die Beziehung von Schule und Familie geleistet. Diese konzentrieren sich auf die Zusasmmenarbeit mit den Eltern oder die Auswirkungen auf diese. Kaum wird auf die Beziehungsdynamik zwischen Eltern und Lehrpersonen fokussiert. In diesem Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse einer Forschung vorgestellt, die zum Ziel hat, Strategien zur Förderung fĂŒr eine gelingende Beziehung zwischen Eltern und Lehrpersonen zu etablieren. Sie wurde mit Eltern (N=18) und Lehrpersonen (N=18) der Vorschule und der Primarstufe (Zyklus 1 bis 3, also 6- bis 11-JĂ€hrige) durchgefĂŒhrt. Wir stellen zunĂ€chst den Kontext und die Herausforderungen fĂŒr die Beziehung zwischen Familie und Schule dar. Anschliessend werden die Strategien zur Förderung gelingender Beziehung vorgestellt. Allgemeine sowie spezifische Wahrnehmungen, die diese charakterisieren, werden identifiziert. (DIPF/Orig.

    La collaboration Ă©cole-famille-communautĂ© au sein d’une Ă©cole privĂ©e efficace : quels types de relation et de soutien sont privilĂ©giĂ©s ?

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    The establishment of collaborative practices between the school, the family and the community (SFC) appears as a key issue to maximize the chances of success of students. However, it is difficult to identify these practices because they are very diverse in terms of types and frequency of activities and partners involved depending on the school, the level of education (preschool, primary and secondary) and the characteristics of students and their families (socioeconomic status, recent immigration, integration of students with special needs, etc.) (De Saedeleer et al., 2004, Larivée, Terrisse et Kalubi, 2006). But what about SFC collaboration in context of private schools and effective schools? What are the types of preferred practices? What are the conditions of realization and the management modalities of the SFC collaboration? In this text, we address these issues related to SFC collaborative practices by specifically studying the situation of a private school deemed effective in terms of academic success and welcoming preschool, primary and secondary school students. More specifically, we analyze the types of relationships and support that this school promote with parents and community members. In general, the results indicate significantly that the SFC collaboration practices favored by school staff and parents revolve around two types of activities: communication between the school and the family; follow-up and supervision of homework and lessons

    Optimization of Production Methods for Black Soldier Fly Larvae (<i>Hermetia illucens</i> L.) in Burkina Faso

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    Larvae of Hermetia illucens are a valuable source of protein for animal feed that can be produced by exposing animal and agro-industrial wastes to naturally occurring flies. The objective of this study was to improve techniques for obtaining H. illucens larvae to feed livestock in Burkina Faso. An experiment was conducted to determine the most favourable substrates and seasons for larval production. The substrates used were poultry manure, local beer waste, local beer waste mixed with poultry manure, cottonseed cake, and industrial brewery waste mixed with poultry manure. The production of larvae was carried out in four different seasons. The effect of the container’s oviposition area (0.07 m2, 0.09 m2, and 0.11 m2) and the type of container (terracotta, plastic, and iron) on larval production was also assessed. The produced larval biomass was high during, or just after, the rainy season but very low during the cool dry and hot dry seasons. Yields were higher with local beer waste mixed with poultry manure followed by local beer waste and cottonseed cake. The average mass of H. illucens larvae increased slightly with the oviposition area for the same amount of substrate. Iron and terracotta containers provided better results than plastic containers. The suitability of this production method for H. illucens larvae production is discussed

    Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG and associated factors among people living with HIV over the first 12 months following the outbreak of COVID-19 in Burkina Faso, a sub-Saharan African country.

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    ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and factors associated with the infection among PLWHIV over the first 12 months following the outbreak of COVID-19 in Burkina Faso.DesignA retrospective cross-sectional study of plasma samples collected from March 9, 2020, and March 8, 2021, at the outpatient HIV referral center, before the introduction of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in Burkina Faso.MethodsAnti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG were detected in plasma using DS-ЕIA-ANTI-SARS-CoV-2-G (S) kit. Logistic regressions were used to compare SARS-CoV-2 specific immune responses between groups and within subgroups.Results and discussionA total of 419 plasma were subjected to serological diagnosis. None of the participants was vaccinated against COVID-19 during the period of sample collection, and 130 samples were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, giving a prevalence of 31.0% (95% CI 26.6-35.7). The median CD4 cell count was 661 cells/ÎŒL (IQR,422-928). Retailers had half the risk of being infected compared to housemaids with an OR of 0.49 (p = 0.028, 95% CI 0.26-0.91). Likewise, the risk of infection was 1.69 times higher in patients on integrase inhibitors compared to that of patients on non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (p = 0.020, 95% CI 1.09-2.63).ConclusionOur study reveals a high seroprevalence among PLWHIV to SARS-CoV-2 during the first year of the pandemic. In addition, PLWHIV on integrase inhibitors are 1.69 times more likely to be infected than PLWHIV on non-nucleoside inhibitors, and this observation remains an intriguing topic that still needs to be clarified
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