Synthesis of some N-alkoxycarbonyl-N ''-benzoyl-benzamidrazones(p-toluamidrazones) and 1,3,5-trisubstituted 1,2,4-triazole derivatives from N-benzoylimidates and their antimicrobial and anticancer screening studies

WOS: 000251996400018Some new N-alkoxycarbonyl-N ''-benzoyl-benzamidrazones (p-toluamidrazones) 3a-3d, and 1,3,5-trisubstituted 1,2,4-triazole 4a-4h derivatives by starting from N-benzoylbenzimidates or N-benzoyl-p-toluimidates. The structures of compounds 3 and 4 were established on the basis of elemental analyses, IR, H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR and UV data. Antimicrobial experiments of the compounds performed by using agar-well diffusion and broth microdilution methods revealed that only compounds 3a-3d, 4a and 4b showed inhibitory effect only on Candida albicans ATCC 60193. However, compound 4b had also specific antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. The other compounds showed neither antifungal nor antibacterial activities. Compounds 3a, 4a and 4b have been screened on three human tumor cell lines, breast cancer (MCF7), non small cell lung cancer (NCI-H460), and CNS cancer (SF-268) at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA, which were found to exhibit low antiproliferative activity

Horizontol dissemination of TEM- and SHV-typr beta-lactamase genes-carrying resistance plasmids amongst clonical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae Disseminação horizontal de plasmídios de resistência contendo genes de beta-lactamase dos tipos TEM e SHV entre isolados clínicos de Enterobacteriaceae

The extended-spectrum &#946;-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria have been isolated at increasing frequency worldwide. Expression of ESBL is often associated with multidrug resistance and dissemination by resistance plasmids. During a two-month period in 2000, 133 clinical isolates of enterobacterial strains were randomly collected from outpatients and inpatients at a university hospital in Turkey. The ESBL producing strains were determined by double-disk synergy (DDS) testing. Twenty ESBL producing strains (15%) including Escherichia coli (n = 9), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 7), Klebsiella oxytoca (n = 2) and Enterobacter aerogenes (n = 2) were detected and further analyzed for their resistance transfer features, plasmid profile and nature of the resistance genes. Plasmid transfer assays were performed using broth mating techniques. TEM- and SHV- genes were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and hybridization using specific probes. EcoRI restriction enzyme analyses of R plasmids were used in the detection of epidemic plasmids. Fourteen plasmid profiles (A, B1, B2, C1, and C2 to L) were obtained with EcoRI restriction enzyme analysis. Most of these plasmids were detected to carry both TEM- and SHV-derived genes by PCR, and confirmed by localizing each gene by hybridization assay. Epidemiological evidence indicated that there was an apparent horizontal dissemination of conjugative R plasmids among multidrug-resistant enterobacterial genera and species in this hospital<br>O isolamento de bactérias produtoras de beta-lactamases de espectro expandido (ESBL) está aumentando no mundo todo. Freqüentemente, a expressão de ESBL está associada com resistência a múltiplas drogas e disseminação por plasmídios de resistência. Durante um período de dois meses em 2000, 133 isolados clínicos de cepas de enterobactérias foram obtidos aleatoriamente de pacientes internos e externos de um hospital universitário na Turquia. As cepas produtoras de ESBL foram identificadas pelo teste de sinergia em disco-duplo (DDS). Foram detectadas vinte cepas produtoras de ESBL, entre as quais Escherichia coli (n=9), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=7), Klebsiella oxytoca (n=2) e Enterobacter aerogenes (n=2), que foram posteriormente analisadas quanto a suas características de transferência de resistência, perfil plasmidial e natureza dos genes de resistência. Os testes de transferência de plasmídios foram realizados empregando técnicas de conjugação em caldo. Os genes TEM e SHV foram analisados pela reação da polimerase em cadeia (PCR) e hibridização com sondas especificas. A detecção de plasmídios epidêmicos foi feita por análise dos plasmídios R com a enzima de restrição EcoRI. Através desta análise, foram obtidos catorze perfis plasmidiais (A, B1, B2, C1 e C2 até L).Observou-se pela PCR que a maioria dos plasmidios carregavam genes derivados de TEM e SHV, confirmados através da detecção dos genes pelos testes de hibridização. As evidencias epidemiológicas indicaram que havia uma aparente transferência horizontal dos plasmídios R conjugativos entre as enterobactérias multiresistentes neste hospital

Determination and molecular analysis of antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative enteric bacteria isolated from Pelophylax sp. in the Eastern Black Sea Region

The sentence 'However, two of three quinolone-resistant Klebsiella strains showed the novel amino acid substitution in the gyrA gene resulting in Ser83Asp and Asp87Glu.' should be corrected to 'However, one of three quinolone-resistant Klebsiella strains showed the novel amino acid substitution in the gyrA gene resulting in Ser83Thr.

Carriage of Class 1 and 2 Integrons in Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Clinical Specimens and a Novel Gene Cassette Array: bla(OXA-11)-cmlA7

SANDALLI, Cemal/0000-0002-1298-3687WOS: 000332131600005PubMed: 24506715The dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes between bacteria leads to serious problems in the treatment of infectious diseases. It has been shown that resistance genes can also be carried by the integrons. There are limited studies regarding the carriage of class 1 and 2 integrons in Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains in Turkey. the aims of this study were to investigate the carriage rates of class 1 and class 2 integrons in A.baumannii and P.aeruginosa strains isolated from clinical samples in Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, and to characterize the antibiotic resistance gene cassettes in these integrons by sequence analyses. A total of 137 strains (77 A.baumannii and 60 P.aeruginosa) isolated from various clinical specimens (56% were sputum, 19% wound, 11% urine, 11% blood, 3% catheter), between March 2010-December 2012, were included in the study. the identification and antibiotic susceptibility tests of the isolates were performed by Vitek 2 Compact (bioMerieux, France) and BD Phoenix 100 (Becton Dickinson, USA) systems. the presence of integrons were screened by PCR method using specific primer pairs targeting class 1 (intil1) and 2 (intl2) integrase regions. All the samples that revealed integron amplification were subjected to DNA sequence analysis, both in the forms of cloned products and PCR amplicons. in the study, the highest susceptibility rates were found against colistin (96%) and tigecycline (78%) in A.baumannii, and against piperacillin/tazobactam (97%) and piperacillin (93%) in P.aeruginosa isolates. the highest resistance rate was determined for piperacillin/tazobactam (95%) in A.baumannii strains. the presence of intl1 gene was detected in 33% (26/77) of A.baumannii and 10% (6/60) of P.aeruginosa isolates. When variable regions in intl1 positive strains were amplified by PCR, eight (8/77, 10%) A.baumannii and three (3/60, 5%) P.aeruginosa strains were found to harbor antibiotic resistance gene cassettes. Intl2 gene was not detected in any of the isolates. Resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefepime, ceftriaxone and ampicillin/sulbactam was detected as the common resistance pattern in all integron-positive A.baumannii strains, whereas resistance to ceftazidime, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin was the common pattern in all integron-positive P.aeruginosa strains. DNA sequence analysis of variable regions of integrons indicated that two separate gene cassette arrays (aacC1-aadAl and aac(3)-1) were carried by A.baumannii strains, and two types of gene cassette arrays (bla(OXA-30)-aadA1 and bla(OXA-11)-cmlA7) were carried by P.aeruginosa strains. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of the gene sequence of bia(OXA-11)-cmlA7 defined in an integron gene cassette of P.aeruginosa

Characterization of Class 1 and Class 2 lntegron Gene Cassettes in Escherichia coil Strains Isolated From Urine Cultures: A Multicenter Study

Ay Altintop, Yasemin/0000-0002-6586-5561WOS: 000378184000001PubMed: 27175490Escherichia coli is the most common pathogen isolated from both nosocomial and community acquired urinary tract infections. Although there are many studies from different centers concerning the antibiotic susceptibility of E.coli isolates in Turkey, the studies are quite few about class 1 and class 2 integron cassettes in clinical E.coli isolates from urinary samples. the aim of the study was to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility and the carriage of integron gene cassettes in E.coli strains isolated from urinary samples. A total of 626 E.coli strains isolated from urine cultures in microbiology laboratories located at 10 provinces from different regions of Turkey (Denizli, Ankara, Kayseri, Nigde, Sanliurfa, Kahramanmaras, Tokat, Malatya, Konya and Trabzon) between June 2011-June 2012 were included in the study. the identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolates were studied by conventional methods as well as Vitek (R) 2 Compact (bioMerieux, France) and BD Phoenix (TM) 100 (Becton Dickinson, USA) systems. the antibiotic susceptibilities of all the isolates were retested by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to CLSI recommendations in the main center of the study in order to achive the standardization. the presence of integrons was detected with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method by using specific primers targeting class 1 (intl1) and class 2 (intl2) integrase gene regions. After integron amplification the samples were cloned and subjected to DNA sequencing. When the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates were evaluated, the highest resistance was observed against most commonly used empirical antibiotics namely ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT) with the mean rate of 58.6% (range: 43.8%-73.2%) and 41.2% (range: 35.4%-45.8%), respectively. the most effective antibiotics detected against the isolates were imipenem and amikacin with the lowest resistance rates of 0.2% (range: 0%-1.1%) and 0.6% (range: 0%-3.2%), respectively. the frequency of positive Intl1 gene and class 1 integron gene cassettes were found as 25.8% (162/626) and 16.6% (104/626), respectively, whereas the frequency of positive intl2 gene II and class 2 integron gene cassettes were 5.1% (32/626) and 3% (19/626), respectively. the lowest intl1 gene frequency was detected in the isolates from Kayseri (16.6%) and the highest in the isolates from Kahramanmaras (35.4%) provinces. While there was no intl2 gene in the isolates from Denizli and Kayseri, the highest frequency was 12.1% in the isolates from Sanliurfa province. dfrA1 gene, the most frequent gene among integron gene cassettes was positive in 31 class 1 integron gene cassette alone, and positive with aadA1 gene in 18 class 1 integron gene cassettes. dfrA1 gene was positive with aadA1 a just in one isolate. dfrA17 allele was positive in one isolate alone, in 28 isolates with aadA1, and in 15 isolates with aadA5. aadA1 gene was detected in four isolates. dfrA17-sat-aadA5 co-existence was detected among class 2 integron gene cassette in isolates from six provinces. dfrA1-sat-aadA1 was detected in one isolate from Ankara province and dfrA1 was detected in one isolate in Nigde province only. As a result, dfrA1 and aadA1 genes are the most common types of genes among class 1 and class 2 integron gene cassettes in E.coli isolated from urine cultures. It was concluded that high resistance against streptomycin (31.2%) and SXT (41.2%) supported the dissemination of integron-mediated genes dfr, sul1 and aad in the isolates

A Single Clone Acinetobacter baumannii Outbreak in a State Hospital in Turkey

ERTURK, AYSE/0000-0001-6413-9165WOS: 000320094900014PubMed: 23698489Acinetobacter baumannii is an important pathogen in hospitalized patients, particularly those in the intensive care unit (ICU). A total of 21 A. baumannii (6 from 5 patients and 15 from environmental samples) were isolated in the ICU and the isolation room of a state hospital in June 2011. The possible source of the outbreak was investigated. A. baumannii isolates were identified using conventional biochemical tests, BBL Crystal Identification Systems, OXA-51 specific PCR, and 16S rDNA sequencing. All the isolates were multidrug-resistant, showing resistance to cephalosporins, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, and the aminoglycoside group of antibiotics. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis suggested that all A. baumannii isolates were derived from a common source

Evaluation of 2015-2016 MOTAKK HBV DNA and HCV RNA External Quality Assessment National Program Results

MOTAKK, as a national external quality control program has been launched to evaluate the molecular detection of viral infections including HBV DNA and HCV RNA in molecular microbiology diagnostic laboratories in Turkey. This program is prepared in compliance with ISO 17043:2010 (Conformity assessment general requirements for proficiency testing) standards, and aims to take the place of external quality control programs from abroad, contributing to standardization and accuracy of molecular diagnostic tests in our country. The aim of this study was to evaluate 2015 and 2016 results of the MOTAKK External Quality Control Program for HBV DNA and HCV RNA viral load. The calls were announced on the web page of MOTAKK (www.motakk.org). The quality control samples were sent to participating laboratories in 2015 and 2016. Main stocks were prepared from patients with chronic hepatitis B and C who had viral load detection with reference methods according to WHO reference materials for viral load studies to improve quality control sera. From these main stocks, samples with different viral loads were prepared from dilutions of plasma with HBV, HCV, HAV, HIV, Parvovirus B19 and CMV negative serologic markers. Quality control samples were sent to the participating laboratories along with the negative samples in the cold chain. The laboratories accomplished the related tests within 2-3 weeks and entered their results on the MOTAKK web page. These results were analysed according to ISO 13528 (Statistical methods for use in proficiency testing by interlaboratory comparison) and scoring reports were created by a software developed by MOTAKK and sent to participating labs. Each laboratory evaluated their own results in comparison with the other laboratory results, reassessed the tests via observing the distance from the mean result and the reference values. The number of laboratories participating in the HBV DNA and HCV RNA external quality control program was 70-73 in 2015-2016. Participants were able to comply with the program tools, registering, entering results and receiving the results reports problem. In HBV panel, 72.6-89.1% and 84.7-90.3% of the participant laboratories were in 1 standard deviation (SD) in 2015-2016, respectively. In HCV panel, 70.8-89.1% and 84.7-90.3% of the participant laboratories were in 1 SD in 2015-2016, respectively. A national external quality control program for HBV DNA and HCV RNA in Turkey has been prepared for the first time with this project and implemented successfully. All the data provided in the MOTAKK external quality control program final report, compensate all the data provided by the quality control program final reports from abroad; additionally, the report allows comparison of used technologies and commercial products