Synergistic effects of ionic liquid and redox species for improved aqueous-based Zn-ion capacitor

As the demand for high-performance energy storage devices grow, aqueous zinc-ion hybrid capacitors (ZICs) have gained significant attention for their ability to combine the high energy density of zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) with the high-power density of supercapacitors (SCs). However, their application is limited by poor stability caused by zinc dendrite growth from uneven Zn deposition/stripping. Ionic liquids (ILs) and redox species in ZICs are an emerging area of research focused on improving the performance and efficiency of energy storage devices. The combination of IL and redox species can enhance the charge storage capacity, stability, and cycling performance of ZICs, potentially providing high energy and power densities with long-term durability. Herein, synergistic effects of 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazoliumtriflate (EMImTfO) and 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (EMImI) were investigated on aqueous electrolyte of Zn(TfO)2. The Zn/graphene ZIC delivers capacities of 82 and 96 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 in Zn(TfO)2 and Zn(TfO)2/ EMImTfO electrolytes, respectively, while the redox additive of EMImI boosts the capacity to 182 mAh g−1 under the same conditions. Moreover, even at a high current density of 5 A g−1, the capacity was found to be 100 mAh g−1, indicating improved rate capability. These findings offer a promising strategy for the development of redox-active electrolytes tailored for next-generation sustainable energy storage systems

Data Warehouses and Analytical Query Processing

Data Mining Dersi 4. Hafta Ders Notu Konusu : Data Warehouses and Analytical Query Processin

Do government outlays crowd-out private consumption? Evidence from the European Union

The relationship between private consumption expenditure and public expenditure represents a recurring theme in macroeconomics, with relevance to both empirical and theoretical discourse. However, there is a lack of consensus on its direction. Accordingly, this study aims to examine whether public expenditure rules out private consumption expenditure for European Union during the period of 1995-2022. The findings indicate that public expenditure has a positive effect on private consumption expenditure over the long term, thereby corroborating Keynesian theory. However, except the defense expenditure, the findings demonstrate the complementary effect of public expenditures on private consumption expenditures. Moreover, disposable income has a positive influence in all model specifications, which corroborates the Keynesian Absolute Income Hypothesis. Considering the findings, this study also suggests some policy recommendations for the future

Investigation of the chemical profile and biological properties of the genera grimmia and dicranum

Essential oils (EOs) are a significant component of herbal medicine worldwide. However, the components of the EOs from Grimmia orbicularis Bruch ex Wilson, Grimmia alpestris Schleich, Grimmia ovalis (Hedw.) Lindb., Grimmia lisae De., Dicranum scoparium Hedw., Dicranum majus Sm., Dicranum polysetum Sw. and Dicranum spadiceum J.E. Zetterst., as well as the antimicrobial activity of eight moss EOs and methanol extracts (MEs), and the antioxidant, anti-urease, anti-xanthine oxidase (XO) activity and total phenolic content (TPC) of MEs from these eight moss species have not yet been systematically evaluated. The composition of the EOs was determined using the GC/FID/MS method. The antioxidant activities of MEs from eight mosses were assessed using the FRAP and DPPH methods. In addition, the MEs of these eight mosses were analysed for TPC, urease and XO activity using a reference. A total of 80 compounds were identified in the EOs of the eight mosses, including mainly aldehydes (7.3%–95.3%), monoterpene hydrocarbons (53.7%–60.6%), oxygenated monoterpenes (0.2%–16.7%) and terpene-related compounds (1.3%–51.2%). The methanol extract of D. scoparium (FRAP: 341.107 ± 1.248 μmol; DPPH SC50: 0.145 ± 0.005 mg/mL) exhibited the highest antioxidant activities, surpassing even Trolox. Furthermore, the methanol extract of D. scoparium significantly inhibited urease and XO, with IC50 values of 2.542 ± 0.023 μg/mL and IC50: 7.652 ± 0.054 μg/mL, respectively. The chemical composition of the EOs of these eight mosses is presented. Additionally, the biological activities were evaluated, confirming the ethnopharmacological use of these mosses based on their biological properties

Prospective comparative study on postoperative pain after single-visit root canal treatment using rotary and reciprocating kinematics

This prospective clinical study aimed to compare postoperative pain and analgesic intake following single-visit root canal treatment using two rotary file systems with different kinematic motions: reciprocating (T-endo MUST, TeM) and continuous rotary (Scope RS Narrow, SRN). A total of 121 patients with vital mandibular premolars were prospectively allocated using an alternate, non-randomized approach to single-visit root canal treatment performed by the same operator. The primary outcome was postoperative pain intensity, measured using a 100-mm Visual Analog Scale (VAS) on day 3 after treatment. The secondary outcomes included the VAS scores recorded at 1, 5, and 7 days and the analgesic consumption. A responder analysis was conducted, defining responders as patients who achieved ≥ 30% or ≥ 50% reduction in pain or a VAS score < 10. Pain intensity decreased significantly over time in both groups (p < 0.001). The TeM group was associated with higher pain scores on the third postoperative day (8.31; 95% CI: 3.89–12.72) than the SRN group (3.39; 95% CI: 0.34–6.44) (p = 0.019), whereas no significant differences were observed at other time points. Analgesic use was reported by 12.9% of patients in the TeM group and by none in the SRN group (p = 0.004). Responder analysis confirmed that the SRN system resulted in a higher proportion of pain-free patients on day 3 (RR = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.70–0.98; p = 0.027). Both reciprocating and continuous rotary systems showed a gradual reduction in postoperative pain after single-visit endodontic treatment. A modest and short-lived difference was observed on day 3, with slightly higher pain levels in the reciprocating group, suggesting a temporary variation in the early postoperative response rather than a clinically decisive effect of instrument kinematics

Bibliometric and systematic review of biostimulant research under drought stress

Drought stress, a critical environmental factor impacting global crop productivity, is exacerbated by the challenges of climate change. Biostimulants (BS), substances that enhance plant resilience to abiotic stress without directly providing nutrients, have emerged as a promising solution for mitigating drought induced damage. However, the increasing volume and diversity of research in this area necessitate a systematic approach to evaluate its development. This advanced bibliometric and systematic review analyzes 499 publications from the Web of Science Core Collection published between 2015 and 2024. The review focuses on the role of BS in drought stress management and identifies key research trends, influential authors, major journals. Emerging topics include phytohormonal regulation, antioxidant defense, and microbial interactions. The results reveal a substantial increase in research output, reflecting a growing global interest in BS as an eco-friendly alternative to conventional fertilizers. The review highlights several primary mechanisms by which BS enhance drought tolerance., These mechanisms include the modulation of plant stress response pathways and antioxidant systems. Additionally, microbial-based BS play a role in improving soil health and nutrient uptake. Despite notable progress, several gaps remain. These include the need for standardized evaluation methods and deeper molecular insights into BS action. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the field and provides insights for future research directions. It emphasizes the potential of BS to contribute to a more holistic approach to sustainable agriculture under climate change

Microwave assisted synthesis of furan/triazole substituted cobalt(ii) phthalocyanine and investigation of electrochromic properties

In this study, tetra 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(furan-2-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thio substituted Co(II) phthalocyanine was synthesized from novel, 4-((4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(furan-2-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)phthalonitrile, compound by microwave irradiation. The novel compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectrometric and elemental analysis methods. The electrochemical and in-situ spectroelectrochemical properties of CoPc are determined. During the reduction process, one quasi reversible metal-based and one reversible phthalocyanine-based redox couple were observed. 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(furan-2-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thio- substituent included CoPc electropolymerized on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass electrode. Electrochromic performance of Poly(CoPc) film was recorded with in-situ spectroelectrochemical measurements. The effect on optical contrast thickness of film, solvent and supporting electrolyte was investigated. The color of Poly(CoPc) film changed from green to brown color at 1.40 V and optical contrast was recorded as 34 % at 690 nm in DCM/TBAPF6 electrolyte. In addition, coloring/bleaching time was recorded as about 10 s

Çayın Bitkisel Özellikleri ve Yetişme Koşulları

Çay Tarımı Dersi 2. Hafta Ders Notu Konusu : Çayın Bitkisel Özellikleri ve Yetişme Koşullar

Robust eggplant disease recognition using a learnable weighted deep ensemble with test-time augmentation

One of the most extensively cultivated vegetables worldwide, eggplant is significantly affected by a wide range of diseases that reduce both yield and quality. Ensuring sustainable crop production and food security therefore requires early and reliable disease diagnosis. The rapid evolution of deep learning architectures and computer vision techniques has established convolutional neural networks as powerful tools for plant disease recognition, often outperforming traditional diagnostic approaches. In this study, three benchmark eggplant image datasets with distinct class structures and imbalance characteristics (6-class Eggplant1, 5-class Eggplant2, and 7-class Eggplant3) were utilized to develop a robust disease classification framework. The proposed methodology introduces a learnable weighted ensemble that adaptively integrates ConvNeXt, DenseNet, and EfficientNet architectures within an end-to-end trainable fusion scheme. The framework is further reinforced by systematic test-time augmentation and cross-validation to enhance inference stability. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that the ensemble model achieves accuracies of 0.9970, 0.9375, and 0.9557 on Eggplant1, Eggplant2, and Eggplant3, respectively, while maintaining balanced performance across heterogeneous class distributions. These results confirm the effectiveness of the adaptive ensemble fusion in capturing complementary feature representations and mitigating inter-class variability across datasets with differing levels of complexity. Overall, this work contributes a methodologically robust and interpretable ensemble-based framework that advances more dependable image-based plant disease diagnosis by addressing practical reliability concerns in precision agriculture applications

The relationship between the contralateral posterior cerebral circulation stroke and the ponticulus posticus anomaly: first report of a hidden culprit of the cause of stroke

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