Sistematización de dos experiencias de voluntariado corporativo desarrolladas en Perú entre los años 2008 y 2013.

El capital social es un elemento importante para que las estrategias de desarrollo y lucha contra la pobreza alcancen sus objetivos. Una sociedad con altos niveles de desconfianza, sin un tejido social sólido y con baja participación de las personas en los temas públicos, presentará limitaciones en su crecimiento social y económico. La creación de capital social no depende de un solo actor o sector, como tampoco de los roles que estos desempeñan. Se puede dar y promover desde el sector público (Estado, gobiernos y organismos públicos), desde el sector social (organismos no gubernamentales, organizaciones sociales de base, sociedad civil) y desde el sector corporativo (empresas privadas). Esta tesis presenta la sistematización de dos experiencias que contribuyen con la creación de capital social mediante la participación en temas sociales por parte de trabajadores de empresas privadas. Estas experiencias han sido implementadas por dos empresas líderes del sector banca y telecomunicaciones entre 2008 y 2013, con el soporte de la Asociación Civil Trabajo Voluntario, quienes cuentan con un modelo de gestión del voluntariado corporativo. En este sentido se investigaron los factores que posibilitan la implementación de los concursos de proyectos sociales en estas dos empresas, tomando en cuenta sus estrategias y enfoques, los actores y el contexto institucional. De acuerdo al marco teórico que se emplea, uno de los aspectos en los que se ha centrado la atención es el grado de participación social promovido y generado. Para recoger la información, la investigación se desarrolló en forma de estudios de caso y se emplearon métodos cualitativos: entrevistas semi-estructuradas y revisión documental. Las personas que se entrevistaron fueron los gestores de voluntariado corporativo en ambas empresas, los trabajadores de las mismas que participaron como voluntarios en los CPS y expertos en el tema. Consideramos que la presente sistematización ha generado conocimientos útiles que permitirán a los gerentes sociales promover la participación y crear capital social desde los trabajadores de empresas privadas y en estas últimas. Destacan entre los hallazgos: la relevancia que le dan los actores principales (voluntarios) a la generación de confianza hacia las instituciones, a la formación de líderes con responsabilidad social, a la construcción de redes de cooperación y a la reducción de brechas de conocimiento y físicas de estos actores hacia temas y problemáticas sociales y poblaciones en situación vulnerable.Tesi

Circulating microRNA expression profile in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

BACKGROUND: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a highly diverse disease characterized by cytogenetic and molecularabnormalities, including altered microRNA (miRNA) expression signatures. AIM: We perform and validate a plasma miRNA expression profiling to identify potential miRNA involved in leukemogenesis METHODS: MiRNA expression profiling assay was realized in 39 B-ALL and 7 normal control plasma samples using TaqMan Low Density Array (TLDA) plates on Applied Biosystems 7900 HT Fast Real-Time PCR System. MiRNA validation was done for six miRNA differentially expressed by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS: Seventy-seven circulating miRNA differentially expressed: hsa-miR-511, -222, and -34a were overexpressed, whereas hsa-miR-199a-3p, -223, -221, and -26a were underexpressed (p values < 0.005 for both sets). According to operating characteristic curve analysis, hsa-miR-511 was the most valuable biomarker for distinguishing B-ALL from normal controls,with an area under curve value of 1 and 100% for sensitivity, and specificity respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Measuring circulating levels of specific miRNA implicated in regulation of cell differentiation and/or cell proliferation such as hsa-miRNA-511, offers high sensitivity and specificity in B-ALL detection and may be potentially useful for detection of disease progression, as indicator of therapeutic response, and in the assessment of biological and/or therapeutic targets for patients with B-ALL

Quality of life in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia: A literature review

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>A couple of decades ago, hospitals or psychiatric institutions were in charge of caring for patients with schizophrenia; however, nowadays this role is performed by one or more patient's relatives. Evidence shows that informal caregivers experience negative changes in their quality of life (QOL). The aim of this study is to review the main factors associated with the QOL of caregivers of people with schizophrenia.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A search through databases from journals published last decade between 1998 and 2008 was performed. In accordance with the inclusion criteria, titles and abstracts of citations obtained from the search were examined independently by two authors and irrelevant articles discarded. The full text of those studies considered relevant by either reviewer were obtained and assessed independently. Where differences of opinion rose they were resolved by discussion. Out of the 258 references, 37 were included in the review.</p> <p>Studies which assessed factors associated with caregivers of people with schizophrenia's quality of life were included and the information summarized.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Evidence suggest that physical, emotional and economic distress affect negatively caregiver's QOL as a result of a number of unfulfilled needs such as, restoration of patient functioning in family and social roles, economic burden, lack of spare time, among other factors.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Decreased QOL may be associated with caregivers' burden, lack of social support, course of the disease and family relationships problems. In addition, in developing countries, QOL is affected by caregivers' economic burden. High quality research is needed in order to identify factors associated with QOL over time and testing the efficacy of interventions aiming to improve QOL in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia.</p

A systematic review of shared decision making interventions in chronic conditions: a review protocol

Background: Chronic conditions are a major source of morbidity, mortality and cost worldwide. Shared decision making is one way to improve care for patients with chronic conditions. Although it has been widely studied, the effect of shared decision making in the context of chronic conditions is unknown. Methods/Design: We will perform a systematic review with the objective of determining the effectiveness of shared decision making interventions for persons diagnosed with chronic conditions. We will search the following databases for relevant articles: PubMed, Scopus, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, Ovid EBM Reviews CENTRAL, CINAHL, and Ovid PsycInfo. We will also search clinical trial registries and contact experts in the field to identify additional studies. We will include randomized controlled trials studying shared decision making interventions in patients with chronic conditions who are facing an actual decision. Shared decision making interventions will be defined as any intervention aiming to facilitate or improve patient and/or clinician engagement in a decision making process. We will describe all studies and assess their quality. After adjusting for missing data, we will analyze the effect of shared decision making interventions on outcomes in chronic conditions overall and stratified by condition. We will evaluate outcomes according to an importance ranking informed by a variety of stakeholders. We will perform several exploratory analyses including the effect of author contact on the estimates of effect. Discussion: We anticipate that this systematic review may have some limitations such as heterogeneity and imprecision; however, the results will contribute to improving the quality of care for individuals with chronic conditions and facilitate a process that allows decision making that is most consistent with their own values and preferences

Plan tecnológico Centro de Biotecnología Industrial 2030 : “Innovación y tecnología para el desarrollo regional”

Se presenta el plan tecnológico del Centro de Biotecnología Industrial del SENA con visión a 2030 el cual se concibe cómo un instrumento que permite: la mejora del desempeño, identificar y optar por tecnologías teniendo en cuenta las necesidades futuras de las empresas regionales, nacionales y sus tendencias mundiales, con el fin de aportar a la competitividad y productividad del país.The technological plan of the SENA Industrial Biotechnology Center with a vision of 2030 is presented, which is conceived as an instrument that allows: performance improvement, identifying and choosing technologies taking into account the future needs of regional and national companies and their world trends, in order to contribute to the competitiveness and productivity of the country.Fase I. Análisis y diagnóstico estratégico -- Seguimiento al plan tecnológico inmediatamente anterior -- Análisis externo del centro de formación -- Análisis interno del centro de formación -- Cruce DOFA -- Vigilancia científico-tecnológica -- Vigilancia competitiva -- Fase II. Formulación estratégica -- Mapa de trayectoria tecnológica -- Validación con expertos – Construcción de escenarios -- Formulación estratégica -- Fase III. Recomendaciones estratégicas.na261 página

Perspectivas de la enseñanza en educación infantil

PublishedEl presente escrito nace de las reflexiones de dos trabajos de investigación que giran alrededor de los temas de escritura y lectura en los universitarios y de la concepción de formación docente, vinculada a la idea de ensoñación desde Bachelard; a partir de ahí, se desarrolla una reflexión alrededor de la misma temática pero en la etapa inicial donde se tejen las estructuras fundamentales de los procesos de constitución del sujeto. En ambos trabajos el lenguaje y la didáctica hacen parte primordial del sustento de los mismos. En esas relaciones simbióticas entre sujeto, aprendizaje, didáctica y ensoñación se presenta el tema de la escritura en la búsqueda de generar una idea diferente a asumirla como proceso netamente instrumental, sino unirlo a formas diferentes de su abordaje; siendo la niñez una época de mayor apertura al aprendizaje, concebir la escritura desde estos lugares puede hacer la diferencia de mejorar los procesos escriturales en los años posteriores

Diversity for Restoration (D4R): guiding the selection of tree species and seed sources for climate-resilient restoration of tropical forest landscapes

1. At the start of the UN Decade of Ecosystem Restoration (2021–2030), the restoration of degraded ecosystems is more than ever a global priority. Tree planting will make up a large share of the ambitious restoration commitments made by countries around the world, but careful planning is needed to select species and seed sources that are suitably adapted to present and future restoration site conditions and that meet the restoration objectives. 2. Here we present a scalable and freely available online tool, Diversity for Restoration (D4R), to identify suitable tree species and seed sources for climate-resilient tropical forest landscape restoration. 3. The D4R tool integrates (a) species habitat suitability maps under current and future climatic conditions; (b) analysis of functional trait data, local ecological knowledge and other species characteristics to score how well species match the restoration site conditions and restoration objectives; (c) optimization of species combinations and abundances considering functional trait diversity or phylogenetic diversity, to foster complementarity between species and to ensure ecosystem multifunctionality and stability; and (d) development of seed zone maps to guide sourcing of planting material adapted to present and predicted future environmental conditions. We outline the various elements behind the tool and discuss how it fits within the broader restoration planning process, including a review of other existing tools. 4. Synthesis and applications. The Diversity for Restoration tool enables non-expert users to combine species traits, environmental data and climate change models to select tree species and seed sources that best match restoration site conditions and restoration objectives. Originally developed for the tropical dry forests of Colombia, the tool has now been expanded to the tropical dry forests of northwestern Peru–southern Ecuador and the countries of Burkina Faso and Cameroon, and further expansion is underway. Acknowledging that restoration has a wide range of meanings and goals, our tool is intended to support decision making of anyone interested in tree planting and seed sourcing in tropical forest landscapes, regardless of the purpose or restoration approachISSN:0021-8901ISSN:1365-266

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016