Farm animal-waste management

This publication presents the current state of the technology and practice related to the management and disposal or utilization of animal wastes. The material includes the research results and collateral information assembled by researchers working in coordinated effort under regional project NC-69 (1963-1968) and subsequently under NCR-67 (1968-1970). A new regional program is currently active under project NC-93.https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/specialreports/1064/thumbnail.jp

Priority Water Issues in the Pacific Northwest

We developed and conducted a region-wide survey to collect base line information documenting public awareness, attitudes, and priorities about water issues in the Pacific Northwest. The vast majority (over 90%) of survey respondents considered clean drinking water, clean groundwater, and clean rivers very or extremely important issues. Over two-thirds of survey respondents considered having enough water for economic development, prevention of salmon extinction, wetland protection, watershed restoration, water for power generation, and water for agriculture to be high priority issues. The results from this survey will be used to target our regional programming efforts over the next 5 years

MAC : manure application calculator (pilot) : application of animal manure and other waste materials to cropland in order to obtain maximum economic benefit while protecting the surface and groundwater quality

Published April 1992. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalo

Estimating the frequency and quantity of surface runoff within the Tualatin River Basin

The Tualatin River Basin along the east side of the Coastal Mountains in Oregon is subject to a complex mixture of land uses. Approximately half the area is devoted to forestry production. The remainder is divided between agriculture and urban uses. In addition to this diversity in land use, there is a dramatic change in terrain from the upper forested areas to the flat basin floor where the river velocity becomes extremely slow. During the summer months, there is relatively little rainfall in the Basin; high evaporation rates and generally dry soil profiles cause warm-season runoff to be rare. As a result, the flow in the Tualatin River consists of discharge from the upstream reservoir, groundwater inflow along the river and its tributaries, and effluent from the two major sewage treatment plants within the Basin. There are additionally several other point sources within the Basin; however, their total discharge is insignificant compared to the above sources. Groundwater inflow as used in this document includes any water flowing through the soil profile into a stream, including irrigation water that has been applied and infiltrated into the soil. Estimating the frequency with which surface runoff enters the Tualatin River or one ofit major tributaries is important in the selection of a pollution control strategy. The possibility of surface runoff-transported pollutants contributing to late summer elevated nutrient conditions in the lower reaches of the River requires that either there be surface runoff during the dry months or that runoff transported materials that enter the streams during the months of higher rainfall are stored in the stream and become somehow freed during the summer due to temperature change or some other phenomenon. The purpose of this analysis is to detennine the frequency of surface runoff from various land areas within the Tualatin River Basin during the various months of the year. Several variables determine whether precipitation in the Basin will cause runoff in the Tualatin River or its tributaries. This analysis assumes that the two most important variables are land use and soil moisture holding capacity. Various studies have been conducted in the past to explore these topics. The purpose of this paper is to organize that thinking and apply it to the Tualatin River Basin

Late winter 1992 sampling for water quality in three stream segments of the Tualatin River Basin, Oregon

The Tualatin River Basin in Washington County, Oregon has been identified by the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) as "Water Quality Limited." Algal blooms have become commonplace in the lower , reaches of. the river during summer months. Phosphorus has been identified as the nutrient upon which to base allowable Total Maximum Daily Loads (fMDL}. Water quality data have been collected from the Tualatin River and its tributaries for the period of May through October for each of the past several years. Samples from the main stem of the river have also been collected during the winter months on a less frequent basis. There are very few data, however, from the tributaries for the winter months. This study was planned to collect water samples from three of the Tualatin River tributaries during the months of March and April, 1992. These tributaries were selected to represent the three major land uses within the basin: urban, agricultural, and forestry. Weekly samples were taken from Dairy, McKay, and Fanno Creeks. Multiple samples were collected on each sampling date to establish the extent to which short term variability would affect interpretation of the results. Total (TP) and orthophosphate (OP) concentrations on the East and West Fork of Dairy creek were essentially constant over time and sampling site; averaging 0.05 and 0.02 mg/1 respectively. McKay Creek samples showed 0.01 mg/1 OP, with TP increasing from 0.02 to 0.045 mg/1 downstream. The values did not change with time. The Dairy Creek samples showed 0.025 OP and 0.065 TP, constant with sampling time. Fanno Creek had average values of 0.035 OP and 0.09 TP, which increased with time, but were constant across sampling sites. Total solids and suspended solids were highest in Fanno Creek and lowest in McKay Creek. Suspended solids decreased downstream in Fanno Creek, and total solids increased for McKay Creek. Flow responded to rainfall, but no erosion events were recorded during this sampling period

Integration of cardiovascular risk assessment with COVID-19 using artificial intelligence

Artificial Intelligence (AI), in general, refers to the machines (or computers) that mimic "cognitive" functions that we associate with our mind, such as "learning" and "solving problem". New biomarkers derived from medical imaging are being discovered and are then fused with non-imaging biomarkers (such as office, laboratory, physiological, genetic, epidemiological, and clinical-based biomarkers) in a big data framework, to develop AI systems. These systems can support risk prediction and monitoring. This perspective narrative shows the powerful methods of AI for tracking cardiovascular risks. We conclude that AI could potentially become an integral part of the COVID-19 disease management system. Countries, large and small, should join hands with the WHO in building biobanks for scientists around the world to build AI-based platforms for tracking the cardiovascular risk assessment during COVID-19 times and long-term follow-up of the survivors

Role of genetic testing for inherited prostate cancer risk: Philadelphia prostate cancer consensus conference 2017

Purpose: Guidelines are limited for genetic testing for prostate cancer (PCA). The goal of this conference was to develop an expert consensus-dri

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Severe early onset preeclampsia: short and long term clinical, psychosocial and biochemical aspects

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific disorder commonly defined as de novo hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks gestational age. It occurs in approximately 3-5% of pregnancies and it is still a major cause of both foetal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide1. As extensive research has not yet elucidated the aetiology of preeclampsia, there are no rational preventive or therapeutic interventions available. The only rational treatment is delivery, which benefits the mother but is not in the interest of the foetus, if remote from term. Early onset preeclampsia (<32 weeks’ gestational age) occurs in less than 1% of pregnancies. It is, however often associated with maternal morbidity as the risk of progression to severe maternal disease is inversely related with gestational age at onset2. Resulting prematurity is therefore the main cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in patients with severe preeclampsia3. Although the discussion is ongoing, perinatal survival is suggested to be increased in patients with preterm preeclampsia by expectant, non-interventional management. This temporising treatment option to lengthen pregnancy includes the use of antihypertensive medication to control hypertension, magnesium sulphate to prevent eclampsia and corticosteroids to enhance foetal lung maturity4. With optimal maternal haemodynamic status and reassuring foetal condition this results on average in an extension of 2 weeks. Prolongation of these pregnancies is a great challenge for clinicians to balance between potential maternal risks on one the eve hand and possible foetal benefits on the other. Clinical controversies regarding prolongation of preterm preeclamptic pregnancies still exist – also taking into account that preeclampsia is the leading cause of maternal mortality in the Netherlands5 - a debate which is even more pronounced in very preterm pregnancies with questionable foetal viability6-9. Do maternal risks of prolongation of these very early pregnancies outweigh the chances of neonatal survival? Counselling of women with very early onset preeclampsia not only comprises of knowledge of the outcome of those particular pregnancies, but also knowledge of outcomes of future pregnancies of these women is of major clinical importance. This thesis opens with a review of the literature on identifiable risk factors of preeclampsia