2,613 research outputs found
Ilex paraguariensis extracts extend the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster fed a high-fat diet
Studies have suggested that total energy intake and diet composition affect lifespan and ageing. A high-fat diet induces oxidative stress and affects the development of diseases. In contrast, antioxidants are capable of reducing its harmful effects. Yerba mate beverages are an important source of antioxidants, but there is scarce knowledge about their effects on suppressing fat accumulation. Here, we investigated the compounds present in yerba mate extracts and assessed their effects on Drosophila melanogaster given a high cholesterol diet. LS-ESI-MS analysis showed the presence of matesaponins, phenolic compounds and methylxanthines in all of the examined extracts. In Drosophila, under extract treatment conditions, the mean lifespan was significantly extended from 38 to 43 days, there was an increase in the ability to support induced stress and decrease in lipid peroxidation products. Moreover, yerba mate extracts recovered the glutathione S-transferases (GST) activity and reduced the cholesterol level. Taken together, our results support that extracts can extend lifespan by reducing the detrimental effect of a high-fat diet in D. melanogaster, and this outcome can be associated with the compound content in the extracts. This study improves the understanding of natural interventions that reduce stress-induced oxidative damage, which is fundamental in promoting healthy ageing
The Fornax Cluster through S-PLUS
The Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS) aims to map â 9300 deg2of the southernsky using the Javalambre filter system of 12 optical bands, 5 Sloan-like filters and 7 narrow-band filters centeredon several prominent stellar features ([OII], Ca H+K, D4000, HÎŽ, Mgb, Hα and CaT). S-PLUS is carried outwith the T80-South, a new robotic 0.826 m telescope located on CTIO, equipped with a wide field of view camera(2 deg2). In this poster we introduce project #59 of the S-PLUS collaboration aimed at studying the Fornaxgalaxy cluster covering an sky area of â 11 Ă 7 deg2, and with homogeneous photometry in the 12 optical bandsof S-PLUS (Coordinator: A. Smith Castelli).Fil: Smith Castelli, Analia Viviana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de AstrofĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias AstronĂłmicas y GeofĂsicas. Instituto de AstrofĂsica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias AstronĂłmicas y GeofĂsicas; ArgentinaFil: Mendez de Olivera, C.. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Instituto de Astronomia, GeofĂsica e CiĂȘncias AtmosfĂ©ricas; BrasilFil: Herpic, F.. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Instituto de Astronomia, GeofĂsica e CiĂȘncias AtmosfĂ©ricas; BrasilFil: Barbosa, C.. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Instituto de Astronomia, GeofĂsica e CiĂȘncias AtmosfĂ©ricas; BrasilFil: Escudero, Carlos Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias AstronĂłmicas y GeofĂsicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de AstrofĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias AstronĂłmicas y GeofĂsicas. Instituto de AstrofĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Grossi, M.. Observatorio de Valongo; BrasilFil: SodrĂ©, L.. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Instituto de Astronomia, GeofĂsica e CiĂȘncias AtmosfĂ©ricas; BrasilFil: de Bom, .. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas FĂsicas; BrasilFil: Zenocratti, Lucas JesĂșs. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias AstronĂłmicas y GeofĂsicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de AstrofĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias AstronĂłmicas y GeofĂsicas. Instituto de AstrofĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: de Rossi, Maria Emilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de AstronomĂa y FĂsica del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de AstronomĂa y FĂsica del Espacio; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de AstronomĂa y FĂsica del Espacio(i); ArgentinaFil: Cortesi, A.. Observatorio de Valongo; BrasilFil: Cid Fernandes, R.. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; BrasilFil: Lopes, A.. Ministerio de Ciencia, TecnologĂa E Innovacao. Observatorio Nacional. Departamento Astronomia y AstrofĂsica; BrasilFil: Telles, E.. MinistĂ©rio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacao. Observatorio Nacional; BrasilFil: Oliveira Schwarz, G. B.. Universidade Anhembi Morumbi; BrasilFil: Dantas, M. L. L.. Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center; PoloniaFil: Faifer, Favio RaĂșl. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de AstrofĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias AstronĂłmicas y GeofĂsicas. Instituto de AstrofĂsica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias AstronĂłmicas y GeofĂsicas; ArgentinaFil: Chies Santos, A.. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; BrasilFil: Saponara, Juliana. Provincia de Buenos Aires. GobernaciĂłn. ComisiĂłn de Investigaciones CientĂficas. Instituto Argentino de RadioastronomĂa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Argentino de RadioastronomĂa; ArgentinaFil: Reynaldi, MarĂa Victoria. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias AstronĂłmicas y GeofĂsicas; ArgentinaFil: Andruchow, Ileana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de AstrofĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias AstronĂłmicas y GeofĂsicas. Instituto de AstrofĂsica La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias AstronĂłmicas y GeofĂsicas; ArgentinaFil: Sesto, Leandro Alberto. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias AstronĂłmicas y GeofĂsicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de AstrofĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias AstronĂłmicas y GeofĂsicas. Instituto de AstrofĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Mestre, M.. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias AstronĂłmicas y GeofĂsicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de AstrofĂsica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias AstronĂłmicas y GeofĂsicas. Instituto de AstrofĂsica La Plata; ArgentinaFil: de Amorim, A. L.. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; BrasilFil: de Lima, E. V. R.. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Instituto de Astronomia, GeofĂsica e CiĂȘncias AtmosfĂ©ricas; BrasilFil: Abboud, J.. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Instituto de Astronomia, GeofĂsica e CiĂȘncias AtmosfĂ©ricas; BrasilFil: Cernic, V.. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Instituto de Astronomia, GeofĂsica e CiĂȘncias AtmosfĂ©ricas; BrasilFil: Souza de Almeida Garcia, I.. Universidade do Sao Paulo. Instituto de Astronomia, GeofĂsica e CiĂȘncias AtmosfĂ©ricas; Brasil62° ReuniĂłn Anual de la AsociaciĂłn Argentina de AstronomĂaRosarioArgentinaUniversidad Nacional de RosarioComplejo AstronĂłmico Municipal Galileo Galile
Social sciences research in neglected tropical diseases 2: A bibliographic analysis
The official published version of the article can be found at the link below.Background
There are strong arguments for social science and interdisciplinary research in the neglected tropical diseases. These diseases represent a rich and dynamic interplay between vector, host, and pathogen which occurs within social, physical and biological contexts. The overwhelming sense, however, is that neglected tropical diseases research is a biomedical endeavour largely excluding the social sciences. The purpose of this review is to provide a baseline for discussing the quantum and nature of the science that is being conducted, and the extent to which the social sciences are a part of that.
Methods
A bibliographic analysis was conducted of neglected tropical diseases related research papers published over the past 10 years in biomedical and social sciences. The analysis had textual and bibliometric facets, and focussed on chikungunya, dengue, visceral leishmaniasis, and onchocerciasis.
Results
There is substantial variation in the number of publications associated with each disease. The proportion of the research that is social science based appears remarkably consistent (<4%). A textual analysis, however, reveals a degree of misclassification by the abstracting service where a surprising proportion of the "social sciences" research was pure clinical research. Much of the social sciences research also tends to be "hand maiden" research focused on the implementation of biomedical solutions.
Conclusion
There is little evidence that scientists pay any attention to the complex social, cultural, biological, and environmental dynamic involved in human pathogenesis. There is little investigator driven social science and a poor presence of interdisciplinary science. The research needs more sophisticated funders and priority setters who are not beguiled by uncritical biomedical promises
Biomimetic biosensor based on lipidic layers containing tyrosinase and lutetium bisphthalocyanine for the detection of antioxidants
This paper describes the preparation of a biomimetic Langmuir-Blodgett film of tyrosinase incorporated in a lipidic layer and the use of lutetium bisphthalocyanine as an electron mediator for the voltammetric detection of phenol derivatives, which include one monophenol (vanillic acid), two diphenols (catechol and caffeic acid) and two triphenols (gallic acid and pyrogallol). The first redox process of the voltammetric responses is associated with the reduction of the enzymatically formed o-quinone and is favoured by the lutetium bisphthalocyanine because significant signal amplification is observed, while the second is associated with the electrochemical oxidation of the antioxidant and occurs at lower potentials in the presence of an electron mediator. The biosensor shows low detection limit (1.98 Ă 10-6 - 27.49 Ă 10-6 M), good reproducibility, and high affinity to antioxidants (KM in the range of 62.31-144.87 ÎŒM).\ud
The excellent functionality of the enzyme obtained using a biomimetic immobilisation method, the selectivity afforded by enzyme catalysis, the signal enhancement caused by the lutetium bisphthalocyanine mediator and the increased selectivity of the curves due to the occurrence of two redox processes make these sensors exceptionally suitable for the detection of phenolic compounds.MICINN (AGL2009-12660/ALI)FAPESPCNPqCAPE
Maternal-calf relationships and their influence on calves up to 120 days
Objectives. To research parental behavior and measure the weight of Nelore and Guzerat calves up to 120 days of age, collecting data from birth up to the first lactation. Materials and methods. Seven different corporal positions were considered to obtain specific data for each of the following categories: time to stand (TP), time to intend to feed after standing (TPTM), weight at birth (PN), weight at 120 days (P120), and time in contact with the calf (TCC). Additionally, independent variables were also evaluated, organized by class: weight at birth (CPN), number of calvings (CNP), order of calving in relation with the herd (CLPR), time of calving (CHP), and finally, hindering to feed (CTAT). Results. There was a significant result in favor of the Nelore race over the Guzerat race. The statistical averages for Nelore and Guzerat were: Time to stand averaged 71 and 153 minutes; time to intend to feed after standing, 39 minutes for Nelore and of 114 minutes for Guzerat. For variable weight at 120 days, Nelore reached an average of 122 kg, and Guzerat 109 kg. For the time in contact with the calf variable there was no significant variance between races. Conclusions. Results showed the superiority of the Nelore race, considering it better adapted to local environmental conditions. Key words: Behavior, calves, suckling, well being (Source: CAB)
Maternal-calf relationships and their influence on calves up to 120 days
Objectives. To research parental behavior and measure the weight of Nelore and Guzerat calves up to 120 days of age, collecting data from birth up to the first lactation. Materials and methods. Seven different corporal positions were considered to obtain specific data for each of the following categories: time to stand (TP), time to intend to feed after standing (TPTM), weight at birth (PN), weight at 120 days (P120), and time in contact with the calf (TCC). Additionally, independent variables were also evaluated, organized by class: weight at birth (CPN), number of calvings (CNP), order of calving in relation with the herd (CLPR), time of calving (CHP), and finally, hindering to feed (CTAT). Results. There was a significant result in favor of the Nelore race over the Guzerat race. The statistical averages for Nelore and Guzerat were: Time to stand averaged 71 and 153 minutes; time to intend to feed after standing, 39 minutes for Nelore and of 114 minutes for Guzerat. For variable weight at 120 days, Nelore reached an average of 122 kg, and Guzerat 109 kg. For the time in contact with the calf variable there was no significant variance between races. Conclusions. Results showed the superiority of the Nelore race, considering it better adapted to local environmental conditions.
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Key words: Behavior, calves, suckling, well being (Source: CAB)
Search for the standard model Higgs boson in the H to ZZ to 2l 2nu channel in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
A search for the standard model Higgs boson in the H to ZZ to 2l 2nu decay
channel, where l = e or mu, in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7
TeV is presented. The data were collected at the LHC, with the CMS detector,
and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 inverse femtobarns. No
significant excess is observed above the background expectation, and upper
limits are set on the Higgs boson production cross section. The presence of the
standard model Higgs boson with a mass in the 270-440 GeV range is excluded at
95% confidence level.Comment: Submitted to JHE
Search for New Physics with Jets and Missing Transverse Momentum in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
A search for new physics is presented based on an event signature of at least
three jets accompanied by large missing transverse momentum, using a data
sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 inverse picobarns
collected in proton--proton collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV with the CMS detector
at the LHC. No excess of events is observed above the expected standard model
backgrounds, which are all estimated from the data. Exclusion limits are
presented for the constrained minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard
model. Cross section limits are also presented using simplified models with new
particles decaying to an undetected particle and one or two jets
Combined search for the quarks of a sequential fourth generation
Results are presented from a search for a fourth generation of quarks
produced singly or in pairs in a data set corresponding to an integrated
luminosity of 5 inverse femtobarns recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC in
2011. A novel strategy has been developed for a combined search for quarks of
the up and down type in decay channels with at least one isolated muon or
electron. Limits on the mass of the fourth-generation quarks and the relevant
Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements are derived in the context of a
simple extension of the standard model with a sequential fourth generation of
fermions. The existence of mass-degenerate fourth-generation quarks with masses
below 685 GeV is excluded at 95% confidence level for minimal off-diagonal
mixing between the third- and the fourth-generation quarks. With a mass
difference of 25 GeV between the quark masses, the obtained limit on the masses
of the fourth-generation quarks shifts by about +/- 20 GeV. These results
significantly reduce the allowed parameter space for a fourth generation of
fermions.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Search for anomalous t t-bar production in the highly-boosted all-hadronic final state
A search is presented for a massive particle, generically referred to as a
Z', decaying into a t t-bar pair. The search focuses on Z' resonances that are
sufficiently massive to produce highly Lorentz-boosted top quarks, which yield
collimated decay products that are partially or fully merged into single jets.
The analysis uses new methods to analyze jet substructure, providing
suppression of the non-top multijet backgrounds. The analysis is based on a
data sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV,
corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 inverse femtobarns. Upper limits
in the range of 1 pb are set on the product of the production cross section and
branching fraction for a topcolor Z' modeled for several widths, as well as for
a Randall--Sundrum Kaluza--Klein gluon. In addition, the results constrain any
enhancement in t t-bar production beyond expectations of the standard model for
t t-bar invariant masses larger than 1 TeV.Comment: Submitted to the Journal of High Energy Physics; this version
includes a minor typo correction that will be submitted as an erratu
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