Creación de una microempresa de producción y comercialización de té en sobres de plantas aromáticas endulzadas con stevia en la ciudad de Ibarra, provincia de Imbabura

Realizar un diagnóstico situacional para determinar aliados, oponentes, oportunidades y riesgos presentes en la gestión del proyecto.El presente proyecto de investigación ha sido elaborado para determinar la creación de una microempresa de producción y comercialización de té en sobres de plantas aromáticas endulzadas con stevia en la ciudad de Ibarra, provincia de Imbabura. Para el desarrollo del proyecto se establecieron siete capítulos, a continuación se presentan las ideas más relevantes de acuerdo a cada capítulo. A través del análisis del diagnóstico situacional se determinó aliados, oponentes, oportunidades y riesgos presentes en la gestión del proyecto. El marco teórico consiste en la recopilación de las investigaciones teóricas que se ha realizado, por donde se sustenta un proyecto de investigación y permitiendo así la interpretación de los resultados en una forma clara y concisa. El estudio de mercado identifica la oferta y la demanda del té de plantas aromáticas con stevia, mediante el uso de herramientas de recolección de información como la encuesta; permitirá establecer las distintas variables del proyecto como el mercado, oferta, demanda y comercialización en un tiempo establecido para posteriormente comprobar la factibilidad de este. El Estudio Técnico permitirá determinar las características de la planta de procesamiento y producción del té de plantas aromáticas endulzadas con stevia, que en las cuales se encuentra el tamaño, la localización, su capacidad instalada, la maquinaria y equipos a utilizar para la elaboración del producto, así como la tecnología necesaria. Además, permitirá analizar la capacidad de personal que será necesaria para la utilización de la maquinaria y el proceso de producción. La realización del estudio financiero permitirá desarrollar la evaluación contable y financiera del estudio de mercado, como también del estudio técnico del proyecto y así determinar los presupuestos de ingresos, costos y diferentes gastos proyectados que servirán para elaborar los estados financieros, determinando así la inversión que requerirá el proyecto en el periodo de ejecución. En la estructura organizacional tiene como propósito de fijar adecuadamente las funciones de cada unidad que deben cumplir para trabajar de forma óptima y que se alcancen las metas fijadas en la microempresa. Como aspectos internos en la microempresa se encuentra la misión, visión, objetivos de la microempresa, políticas y valores con la finalidad de producir el producto mediante un orden y un adecuado control para poder alcanzar las metas y objetivos propuestos en el proyecto

Evaluating the extent and impact of the extreme Storm Gloria on Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows

Extreme storms can trigger abrupt and often lasting changes in ecosystems by affecting foundational (habitat-forming) species. While the frequency and intensity of extreme events are projected to increase under climate change, its impacts on seagrass ecosystems remain poorly documented. In January 2020, the Spanish Mediterranean coast was hit by Storm Gloria, one of the most devastating recent climate events in terms of intensity and duration. We conducted rapid surveys of 42 Posidonia oceanica meadows across the region to evaluate the extent and type of impact (burial, unburial and uprooting). We investigated the significance of oceanographic (wave impact model), geomorphological (latitude, depth, exposure), and structural (patchiness) factors in predicting impact extent and intensity. The predominant impact of Storm Gloria was shoot unburial. More than half of the surveyed sites revealed recent unburial, with up to 40 cm of sediment removed, affecting over 50 % of the meadow. Burial, although less extensive, was still significant, with 10–80 % of meadow cover being buried under 7 cm of sediment, which is considered a survival threshold for P. oceanica. In addition, we observed evident signs of recently dead matte in some meadows and large amounts of detached drifting shoots on the sea bottom or accumulated as debris on the beaches. Crucially, exposed and patchy meadows were much more vulnerable to the overall impact than sheltered or continuous meadows. Given how slow P. oceanica is able to recover after disturbances, we state that it could take from decades to centuries for it to recoup its losses. Seagrass ecosystems play a vital role as coastal ecological infrastructure. Protecting vulnerable meadows from anthropogenic fragmentation is crucial for ensuring the resilience of these ecosystems in the face of the climate crisis.This study was funded by the CSIC project “Effects of storm Gloria on the western Mediterranean meadows (202030E052) and “Storms of change: as phenomena extreme weather alters Mediterranean coastal ecosystems, their services and their perception by society" (PID2020-113745RB-I00), state program of I+D+I Oriented to the Challenges of the Society and within the framework of the activities of the Spanish Government through the "Maria de Maeztu Centre of Excellence” accreditation to IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB) (CEX2021-001198). We want to thank the SPAS (Society of Fishing and Underwater Activities of Mataró) and the Mataró City Council, which has financed 25 years of the Alguer de Mataró project

The spotted gar genome illuminates vertebrate evolution and facilitates human-teleost comparisons

To connect human biology to fish biomedical models, we sequenced the genome of spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus), whose lineage diverged from teleosts before teleost genome duplication (TGD). The slowly evolving gar genome has conserved in content and size many entire chromosomes from bony vertebrate ancestors. Gar bridges teleosts to tetrapods by illuminating the evolution of immunity, mineralization and development (mediated, for example, by Hox, ParaHox and microRNA genes). Numerous conserved noncoding elements (CNEs; often cis regulatory) undetectable in direct human-teleost comparisons become apparent using gar: functional studies uncovered conserved roles for such cryptic CNEs, facilitating annotation of sequences identified in human genome-wide association studies. Transcriptomic analyses showed that the sums of expression domains and expression levels for duplicated teleost genes often approximate the patterns and levels of expression for gar genes, consistent with subfunctionalization. The gar genome provides a resource for understanding evolution after genome duplication, the origin of vertebrate genomes and the function of human regulatory sequences

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

PosNeg opinion: Una herramienta para gestionar comentarios de la Web

One of the primary tasks of opinion mining is the classification of the polarity of the opinion, that consists in determining whether the opinion is positive or negative with respect to the entity to which it is referring. This work seeks design a general scheme consists in five stages that enable the polarity detection of opinions in an unsupervised manner. The five considered stages are: token identification, lexical disambiguation, get all meanings of each word, classify each token in positive or negative, and evaluate the opinion. PosNeg Opinion detects the polarity of the opinions in Spanish language. The proposed system showed good performance in classifying the polarity of 200 opinions from discussion forums Yahoo.es, yielding an accuracy of 0.965 and a precision of 0.970

Propuesta de metodología para el aprendizaje mediante el uso de blogs educativos en la carrera de ingeniería informática de la UPIICSA

TESIS IF2.5

Microwave-assisted preparation of Ag/Ag2S carbon hybrid structures from pig bristles as efficient HER electrocatalysts

Ag/Ag2S hybrid structures have recently attracted significant interest due to their high chemical and thermal stability, in addition to their unique optical and electrical properties. However, their standard synthetic protocols have important drawbacks including long term and harsh reaction conditions and the utilization of highly toxic sulfur precursors. Herein, an innovative, simple one-pot green approach for the synthesis of Ag/Ag2S carbon hybrid structures is reported. The procedure involved a one-step microwave-assisted step using ethylene glycol as solvent and reducing agent, pig bristles as sulphur and carbon source and silver nitrate as metal precursor. Different amounts of silver nitrate were employed in order to investigate the synthetic mechanism for the formation of zerovalent silver over silver sulphide nanoparticles, producing three different samples. Materials were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDX, N2 physisorption and XPS spectroscopy. Aiming to prove the efficiency of the as-synthesized compounds, their electrocatalytic activities were explored in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performing linear sweep voltammetries

49 Análisis de Seguridad y Privacidad en dispositivos de la Internet de las Cosas usados por jóvenes

Bajo el paradigma de la Internet de las Cosas, en los últimos años ha proliferado la aparición y el uso de una amplia variedad de dispositivos conectados. En este artículo se presentan los resultados del análisis de problemas de seguridad y privacidad de dichos dispositivos efectuado dentro del Proyecto Europeo RAYUELA, cuyo principal objetivo es fomentar el uso seguro de Internet por parte de los jóvenes. Los resultados del análisis presentan un conjunto de vulnerabilidades asociadas al uso de los dispositivos conectados más utilizados por los menores. Se pone en evidencia que, con frecuencia, los fabricantes de los dispositivos priorizan las funcionalidades y los servicios a proporcionar, dejando en un segundo plano los aspectos de seguridad. Del mismo modo, el estudio revela que, en ocasiones, las empresas tratan de explotar los datos ligados al uso de estos dispositivos con diversos fines, obviando el derecho a la privacidad de los usuarios

Role of interleukin 1-beta in the inflammatory response in a fatty acid amide hydrolase-knockout mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease.

The search for novel therapies for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease is an urgent need, due to the current paucity of available pharmacological tools and the recent failures obtained in clinical trials. Among other strategies, the modulation of amyloid-triggered neuroinflammation by the endocannabinoid system seems of relevance. Previous data indicate that the enhancement of the endocannabinoid tone through the inhibition of the enzymes responsible for the degradation of their main endogenous ligands may render beneficial effects. Based on previously reported data, in which we described a paradoxical effect of the genetic deletion of the fatty acid amide hydrolase, we here aimed to expand our knowledge on the role of the endocannabinoid system in the context of Alzheimer’s disease. To that end, we inhibited the production of interleukin-1, one of the main inflammatory cytokines involved in the neuroinflammation triggered by amyloid peptides, in a transgenic mouse model of this disease by using minocycline, a drug known to impair the synthesis of this cytokine. Our data suggest that interleukin-1 may be instrumental in order to achieve the beneficial effects derived of fatty acid amide hydrolase genetic inactivation. This could be appreciated at the molecular (cytokine expression, amyloid production, plaque deposition) as well as behavioral levels (memory impairment). We here describe a previously unknown link between the endocannabinoid system and interleukin-1 in the context of Alzheimer’s disease that open new possibilities for the development of novel therapeutics.pre-print646 K