Molecular Microbial Analysis of Lactobacillus Strains Isolated from the Gut of Calves for Potential Probiotic Use

The intestinal microbiota has an influence on the growth and health status of the hosts. This is of particular interest in animals reared using intensive farming practices. Hence, it is necessary to know more about complexity of the beneficial intestinal microbiota. The use of molecular methods has revolutionized microbial identification by improving its quality and effectiveness. The specific aim of the study was to analyze predominant species of Lactobacillus in intestinal microbial ecosystem of young calves. Forty-two lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from intestinal tract of young calves were characterized by: Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA), by using Hae III, Msp I, and Hinf I restriction enzymes, and 16S rDNA gene sequencing. ARDRA screening revealed nine unique patterns among 42 isolates, with the same pattern for 29 of the isolates. Gene fragments of 16S rDNA of 19 strains representing different patterns were sequenced to confirm the identification of these species. These results confirmed that ARDRA is a good tool for identification and discrimination of bacterial species isolated from complex ecosystem and between closely related groups. This paper provides information about the LAB species predominant in intestinal tract of young calves that could provide beneficial effects when administered as probiotic

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

Handbook of Active Ageing and Quality of Life: From Concepts to Applications

La edición de este libro estuvo a cargo de Fermina Rojo-Pérez y Gloria Fernández-Mayoralas.El documento adjunto contiene la cubierta, portada e índice del libro.This handbook presents an overview of studies on the relationship of active ageing and quality of life. It addresses the new challenges of ageing from the paradigm of positive ageing (active, healthy and successful) for a better quality of life. It provides theoretical perspectives and empirical studies, including scientific knowledge as well as practical experiences about the good ageing and the quality of later life around the world, in order to respond to the challenges of an aged population. The handbook is structured in 4 sections covering theoretical and conceptual perspectives, social policy issues and research agenda, methods, measurement instrument-scales and evaluations, and lastly application studies including domains and geographical contexts.Peer reviewe

A systematic review of ageing in place among Indigenous People in Canada, USA, México, Chile and New Zealand

ABSTRACTThe ageing in place (AIP) model enjoys widespread recognition in gerontology and has been strongly encouraged through social policy. However, progress remains to be made in terms of analysing AIP for minority groups and groups with diverse life pathways in old age. This systematic review aims to identify studies that address the AIP model in indigenous communities, answering the following questions: In which geographical contexts and for which Indigenous Peoples have AIP been researched? Which physical dimensions are considered in the assessment of AIP? Which social dimensions are considered in the assessment of AIP? This systematic review applied the SALSA (Search, Appraisal, Synthesis and Analysis) method to AIP among Indigenous older adults on the Web of Science, PsycINFO, MEDLINE and Scopus digital platforms for publications from 2011 to 2021. We identified 12 studies conducted in five countries in North and South America and Oceania. The results show that the following elements of the physical environment are assessed: household, neighbourhood, local surroundings or reserve and native territories. Meanwhile, assessed elements of the social environment are as follows: personal characteristics, attachment to place, social networks, social participation and social policies. There is discussion of the need to develop AIP in order to promote successful ageing among Indigenous older adults

Estrategia para generar conductas responsables en la tenencia de mascotas

En muchos hogares mascotas como perros y gatos son considerados parte integrante de la familia y comparten todas las actividades de ese núcleo.  Como miembros del Grupo de Extensión del Departamento de Salud Pública Veterinaria, efectuamos una encuesta personal en la ciudad de Esperanza (Santa Fe), para inferir cuáles son los hábitos que rondan en torno a la crianza de perros y gatos y las alternativas de solución a la problemática de animales en las calles. Se evaluaron los datos recolectados en 98 encuestas personales. La selección de los hogares por barrio se realizó de manera aleatoria, observándose que la relación caninos – habitantes es 1:2,1 y de felinos – habitantes 1:6. Del total de perros el 35% se encuentra castrado, y del total de gatos la cifra asciende a 71%. Mucha gente considera natural que sus animales domésticos vivan en “semilibertad”, por ignorancia o indiferencia, facilitando de esta forma la reproducción incontrolada de los mismos. Sólo el 28% de las personas afirmó que pasea a sus animales portando una correa, mientras que el porcentaje de personas que llevan un recipiente para recoger la materia fecal de sus canes no supera el 7,6%. La gran mayoría de los perros callejeros no son vagabundos, sino que tienen un dueño identificable en la comunidad, connotando un estilo de tenencia irresponsable para con el resto de la sociedad y para el propio animal. El 83% de la población esperancina está de acuerdo en que no afrontar y no solucionar esta situación conlleva también a desatender situaciones relacionadas con los accidentes de tránsito, la contaminación ambiental y las patologías zoonóticas. El 41% de los ciudadanos considera que las campañas de esterilización organizadas en forma estratégica, de ambos sexos, extendidas en el tiempo y gratuitas, resultan la mejor opción al momento de enfrentar la problemática. El 22% de los habitantes sugirió a la eutanasia como la mejor elección, sin embargo, además de ser un acto repudiable desde el punto de vista ético, ofrece una solución "aritmética" a la superpoblación animal, pues reduce en un ejemplar la población; cuando en realidad perros y gatos se reproducen geométricamente. Por esto, consideramos importante planificar acciones de concientización dirigidas a la población esperancina. Nuestra propuesta entonces es promover una Tenencia Responsable mediante la realización de obras de teatro de títeres dirigidas a alumnos de escuelas primarias considerando además que esos niños serán actores de difusión de buenas conductas en sus familias.

Fortalecimiento del centro de investigación Palmira como un centro de referencia nacional para la producción de pantuflas certificadas para el mejoramiento de la productividad de cítricos en Colombia.

IP 7106-07-17147Contrato 357-2004Objetivos específicos: Producir plantas madres de cultivares elite del banco de germoplasma saneadas y reinjertadas en condiciones protegidas -- Diagnosticar serologicamente enfermedades sistémicas de trasmisión por injerto en materiales elite micro injertado -- Capacitar y trasferir tecnología sobre el proceso de limpieza de materiales elite de plántulas de cítrico

Estudio epidemiológico de los casos de triquinelosis registrados en la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina, 1998-2009 Epidemiological study of recorded trichinosis cases in Santa Fe Province, Argentina, 1998-2009

OBJETIVO: Caracterizar desde los puntos de vista epidemiológico, clínico y de laboratorio los casos y brotes de triquinelosis que se registraron en la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina, entre 1998 y 2009. MÉTODOS: Se analizaron 1 519 fichas epidemiológicas de personas que presentaron síntomas y signos compatibles con triquinelosis en la provincia de Santa Fe en el período 1998-2009. Se realizó el análisis estadístico descriptivo de la información contenida en las fichas epidemiológicas y los resultados clínicos y de laboratorio; se aplicó el análisis bifactorial para determinar las posibles asociaciones con factores epidemiológicos y ambientales. RESULTADOS: Se encontraron síntomas de triquinelosis en 1 276 casos; 372 cumplían la definición de caso clínico y 224 muestras resultaron positivas por inmunofluorescencia indirecta, independientemente de su clasificación como caso clínico. Se identificaron 27 brotes que involucraron a 1 157 casos en ocho departamentos, con mayor frecuencia en el centro y el sur de la provincia. La distribución anual de los casos asociados epidemiológicamente entre sí fue heterogénea, con una mayor frecuencia en el período 2000-2003 y en los meses de agosto a octubre. Hubo mayor probabilidad de enfermar cuando se consumieron productos de fuentes informales (OR = 3,69; P = 0,014) y en las áreas rurales (OR = 1,799; P = 0,011). El período de incubación de la enfermedad (mediana) fue de 12 días. Las personas que consumieron carne de cerdo o sus derivados tuvieron 2,06 veces más riesgo de enfermar que las que no la consumieron. CONCLUSIONES: El mayor número de brotes ocurrió en los departamentos más poblados y con mayor producción porcina. Se deben diseñar acciones específicas de prevención y control de la enfermedad en esos departamentos. Se debe considerar el análisis epidemiológico de riesgos al evaluar, gestionar y comunicar los riesgos sanitarios de triquinelosis.OBJECTIVE: To characterize recorded trichinosis cases and outbreaks in Santa Fe Province, Argentina, from 1998 to 2009 from epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory viewpoints. METHODS: An analysis was conducted of 1 519 epidemiological records of persons who had signs and symptoms compatible with trichinosis in Santa Fe Province in the period 1998-2009. A descriptive statistical analysis of information in epidemiological records and of clinical and laboratory results, as well as a bifactorial analysis of possible associations with epidemiological and environmental factors were also carried out. RESULTS: Trichinosis symptoms were found in 1 276 cases; 372 met the clinical case definition and 224 samples were positive by indirect immunofluorescence, independent of their clinical case classification. There were 27 outbreaks that involved 1 157 cases identified in eight departments, with greater frequency in the province's center and south. Annual distribution of epidemiologically associated cases was heterogeneous, with greater frequency in the period 2000-2003 and in the months of August to October. Probability of becoming sick was greater with consumption of products from informal sources (OR = 3.69; P = 0.014) and in rural areas (OR = 1.799; P = 0.011). Disease incubation period (median) was 12 days. The risk of becoming sick was 2.06 times greater in persons who ate meat or ate pork by-products than in those who did not. CONCLUSIONS: The greatest number of outbreaks occurred in departments that were more populous and where pork production was greater. Specific actions should be designed for prevention and control of the disease in those departments. Epidemiological risk analysis should be considered in evaluating, managing, and communicating trichinosis health risks

Análisis bibliométrico de los CIBAP (2007-2019)

A bibliometric study of the scientific production presented at the Ibero-American Congresses of Peloids (CIBAP) during the2007-2019 period was carried out. For this purpose, the type of work, production, estimation of Lotka, subject matter ofwork, geographical origin and institutional origin were analyzed in the abstract books. The Universities of Vigo, Complutenseof Madrid, Aveiro and Oporto are the ones that concentrate the highest percentage of scientific production. The contributionscome mainly from Spain, Portugal and Argentina. The most studied topics were the thermal therapy and the physical andchemical properties of the peloidsSe ha realizado un estudio bibliométrico de la producción científica presentada en los Congresos Iberoamericanos dePeloides (CIBAP) durante el período 2007-2019. Para ello se analizaron los libros de resúmenes mediante la aplicación delos principales indicadores de bibliometría: tipo de trabajo, producción y estimación de Lotka, materia de los trabajos, procedencia geográfica y procedencia institucional. Las Universidades de Vigo, Complutense de Madrid, Aveiro y Oporto sonlas que concentran mayor porcentaje de la producción científica. La procedencia de los trabajos fue principalmente española,portuguesa y argentina. Las materias más estudiadas fueron la terapia termal y las propiedades físicas y químicas de lospeloides