АНТИГЕЛЬМИНТНАЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ФЕНАСАЛА НА ОСНОВЕ СУПРАМОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫХ СИСТЕМ ДОСТАВКИ DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM ПРИ МОНИЕЗИОЗЕ КРУПНОГО РОГАТОГО СКОТА

Objective of research: to study the efficacy of supramolecular complexes of Phenasalum at monieziasis in cattle.Materials and methods: After helminthoovoscopic examination of feces by Fülleborn’s flotation method and evaluation of extensity and intensity of invasion, we have selected and formed according to the principle of analogs, 5 groups (10 heads each) of  Kazakh white-headed calves at the age of  6–7 mo. Animals in experimental groups received drugs orally as a single dose. Calves of the first group received a supramolecular complex of Phenasalum with Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in the ratio 1 : 2 at a dose of 20 mg a.i./kg (60 mg/kg of the body mass). The second group of animals was given a complex of Phenasalum with Arabinogalactan (AG) in the ratio 1: 2 at a dose of 20 mg a.i./kg (60 mg/kg of the body mass). Calves of the third group received a complex of Phenasalum with SiO2 in the ratio 1: 5 at a dose of 20 mg a.i./kg. Animals of the fourth group complex of Phenasalum with Arabinogalactan (AG) in the ratio 1:5 at a dose of 20 mg a.i./kg and 120 mg/kg of the body mass. Animal of the fifth group didn’t receive anthelmintics and served as controls.  14 days after giving the tested drugs, fecal samples were collected from all animal groups and helminthoovoscopic examinations were carried out.Results and discussion:  The experiment showed that at the supramolecular complexes of Phenasalum with Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in the ratio 1 : 2 and Phenasalum with Arabinogalactan (AG) in the ratio 1 : 2 at a dose of 20 mg a.i./kg were the most effective  at monieziasis in cattle. The efficacy of the complex of Phenasalum with SiO2 in the ratio 1: 5  was 74 %. The doses of tested drugs (20 mg a.i./kg) were 5 times less than that of the based Phenasalum (100 mg/kg).Цель исследования – изучить эффективность супрамолекулярных комплексов фенасала при мониезиозе крупного рогатого скота.Материалы и методы. После гельминтоовоскопического исследования методом флотации фекалий по Фюллеборну и определения экстенсивности и интенсивности инвазии были отобраны и сформированы по принципу аналогов 5 групп телят в возрасте 6–7 мес казахской белоголовой породы по 10 голов в каждой. Препараты животным подопытных групп задавали внутрь однократно.  Телята первой группы получали супрамолекулярный комплекс фенасала с поливинилпирролидоном (ПВП) в соотношении 1 : 2 в дозе 20 мг/кг по ДВ, а по массе – 60 мг/кг. Животным второй группы задавали комплекс фенасала с арабиногалактаном (АГ) в соотношении 1 : 2 в дозе 20 мг/кг по ДВ и 60 мг/кг – по массе. Телята третьей группы получали комплекс фенасала с SiO2 в соотношении 1 : 5 в дозе 20 мг/кг по ДВ. Животным четвертой группы задавали комплекс фенасала с АГ в соотношении 1 : 5 в дозе 20 мг/кг по ДВ и 120 мг/кг – по массе. Телята пятой группы служили контролем и антигельминтный препарат не получали. Через 14 сут после дачи испытуемых препаратов от животных всех групп были отобраны пробы фекалий и проведены гельминтоовоскопические исследования.Результаты и обсуждение. В результате проведенного опыта при мониезиозе крупного рогатого скота наиболее эффективными оказались супрамолекулярные комплексы фенасала с ПВП в соотношении 1 : 2 и фенасала с АГ в соотношении 1 : 2 в дозе по ДВ 20 мг/кг. Эффективность фенасала с SiO2 в соотношении 1 : 5 и фенасала с АГ в соотношении 1 : 5 составила 74 %. Дозы испытанных препаратов (20 мг/кг по ДВ) были в 5 раз меньше по сравнению с базовым фенасалом (100 мг/кг)

АНТИГЕЛЬМИНТНАЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ НОВЫХ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ ФОРМ ФЕНАСАЛА НА ОСНОВЕ СУПРАМОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫХ, НАНОРАЗМЕРНЫХ СИСТЕМ ДОСТАВКИ DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM ПРИ АНОПЛОЦЕФАЛИДОЗАХ ЛОШАДЕЙ

Objective of research: Evaluation of efficacy of the new phenasal formulation based on supramolecular, nanoscale Drug Delivery Systems for anoplocephalidosis in horses. Materials and methods. Research was conducted on 60 horses, spontaneously infected with Anoplocephala spp. Animals were divided in 5 experimental and one control group, up to 10 heads in each. Horses from different groups received orally samples of supramolecular complex of phenasal with various polymers, including polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), arabinogalactan in the ratio 1: 2, and silicon dioxide in the ratio 1: 5 at a dose of 20 mg a. i. /kg. The basic preparation phenasal at a dose of 100 mg/kg was given to horses of the fifth group. Animals that did not receive the drug served as controls. The efficacy of preparations was estimated in control experiment according to the results of coproscopy using the flotation method before and 14 days after treatment. Results and discussion. 100 % efficacy of supramolecular complex of phenasal with arabinogalactan in the ratio 1: 2 at a dose of 20 mg a.i./kg and basic phenasal at a dose of 100 mg/kg was determined. Efficiency of phenasal complexes with PVP in the ratio 1: 2 and rabinogalactan in the ratio 1: 5 at a dose of 20 mg a.i./kg at a dose of 20 mg a.i./kg against anoplocephalidosis in horses was 87,2 and 80,1%, respectively.Цель исследования - изучение эффективности новых лекарственных форм фенасала на основе супрамолекулярных наноразмерных систем доставки Drug Delivery System при аноплоцефалидозах лошадей. Материалы и методы. Исследования проводили на 60 лошадях, спонтанно инвазированных аноплоцефалидами. Животных разделили на 5 подопытных и одну контрольную группы по 10 голов в каждой. Лошадям разных групп перорально задавали образцы супрамолекулярных комплексов фенасала с различными полимерами, в том числе с поливинилпирролидоном (ПВП), арабиногалактаном в соотношении 1 : 2, кремнеземом в соотношении 1 : 5 в дозе 20 мг/кг по ДВ. Базовый препарат фенасал в дозе 100 мг/кг назначали лошадям пятой группы. Контролем служили животные, не получавшие препарат. Эффективность препаратов учитывали по результатам копроовоскопии методом флотации до и через 14 сут после лечения в опыте типа «контрольный тест». Результаты и обсуждение. Получена 100%-ная эффективность супрамолекулярного комплекса фенасала с арабиногалактаном в соотношении 1 : 2 в дозе 20 мг/кг по ДВ и базового препарата - фенасала в дозе 100 мг/кг. Эффективность комплексов фенасала с ПВП в соотношении 1 : 2 и с арабиногалактаном в соотношении 1 : 5 в дозе 20 мг/кг по ДВ в дозе 20 мг/кг по ДВ составила при аноплоцефалидозах лошадей соответственно 87,2 и 80,1 %

Мониторинг паразитарных болезней продуктивных животных на территории Самарской области

The purpose of the research: to monitor the epizootic situation on parasitic diseases in productive animals in the Samara region using a database. materials and methods. Research was performed at the Department of invasive diseases of Samara Research Veterinary Station Samara RVS FSBSI. Fecal samples from productive animals were examined by Fuelleborn’s method using polymerase chain reaction to visualize species-specific DNA sequences, and an immune chromatographic method in detecting of antigens Dirofilaria immitis in serum, plasma and whole blood of dogs and oocysts Giardia duodenalis in dogs’ feces. The extensity of invasion was estimated with regard to the number of analyses of biomaterial from animals whose owners consulted veterinary physicians. For the monitoring, we used the database “Parasitic diseases in productive animals and small domestic animals in the Samara region” developed in Samara RVS in 2013 which enables to monitor the health status of the animal during its lifetime as well as epizootic situation on parasitic diseases in single localities, economies, districts and in Samara region in general. Results and discussion. Research results revealed that Strongylata had been registered in 17 districts at extensity of invasion from 5 to 70%, Strongyloides, Moniezia, Trichocephala - in 10 districts (EI 10-80%), Skrjabinema - in 7 districts ( EI 5-10%), Nematodirus - in 5 districts (EI 20-80%), Parascaris, Ascaris, Paramphistomum - in 3 districts (EI 5-40%), Fasciola, Coccidia, Dictyocaulus - in 2 districts (EI 5-15%). The biggest species diversity of helminths (7 species) were found in Bolsheglushitsky, Kinelsky and Borsky districts of the Samara region. The monitoring showed the decrease in worm species diversity in 2016 in all districts of Samara region compared to 2015. Parasitic protozoans, Eimeria, were found in all districts of the Samara region. A significant reduction of worm species diversity was associated with permanent planned treatment of productive animals with anthelmintics. The results obtained were used in a number of livestock farms of the Samara region to control the epizootic situation as well as for treatment and prevention of diseases in productive animals.Цель исследований: провести мониторинг эпизоотической ситуации паразитарных болезней продуктивных животных в районах Самарской области с использованием базы данных. Материалы и методы. Научные исследования проводили на базе отдела инвазионных болезней Самарской научно-исследовательской ветеринарной станции. Пробы фекалий от продуктивных животных исследовали по методу Фюллеборна, полимеразной цепной реакцией для выделения видоспецифических последовательностей ДНК и иммунохроматографического метода путем выявления антигенов Dirofilaria immitis в сыворотке, плазме и цельной крови собак и ооцист Giardia duodenalis в фекалиях собак. Экстенсивность инвазии рассчитывали по отношению к числу проведенных анализов биоматериала от животных, владельцы которых обращались за ветеринарной помощью. Для мониторинга использовали разработанную в Самарской НИВС базу данных «Паразитарные заболевания продуктивных и мелких домашних животных в Самарской области», которая позволяет отслеживать состояние здоровья животного в течение его жизни, а также эпизоотическую ситуацию по паразитозам в отдельных населенных пунктах, хозяйствах, районах и по Самарской области в целом. Результаты и обсуждение. В результате проведенных исследований было установлено, что стронгилята были зарегистрированы в 17 районах при экстенсивности инвазии от 5 до 70%, стронгилоиды, мониезии, трихоцефалы - в 10 районах (10-80%), скрябинема - в 7 районах (5-10%), нематодиры - в 5 районах (20-80%), параскариды, аскариды, парамфистомы - в 3 районах (5-40%), фасциолы, кокцидии, диктиокаулы - в 2 районах (5-15%). Наибольшее видовое разнообразие гельминтов (7 видов) отмечено в Большеглушицком, Кинельском, Борском районах области. Мониторинг показал, что число видов гельминтов в 2016 г. по сравнению с 2015 г. снизилось во всех районах области. Простейших рода Eimeria выявляли во всех районах области. Значительное снижение видового состава гельминтов связано с планомерным проведением плановых обработок продуктивных животных антигельминтными препаратами. Полученные результаты были использованы в ряде животноводческих хозяйств Самарской области для контроля эпизоотологической ситуации, а также лечения и профилактики болезней продуктивных животных

Pyoderma gangrenosum – a review

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare noninfectious neutrophilic dermatosis. Clinically it starts with sterile pustules that rapidly progress and turn into painful ulcers of variable depth and size with undermined violaceous borders. The legs are most commonly affected but other parts of the skin and mucous membranes may also be involved. Course can be mild or malignant, chronic or relapsing with remarkable morbidity. In many cases PG is associated with an underlying disease, most commonly inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatic or haematological disease and malignancy. Diagnosis of PG is based on history of an underlying disease, typical clinical presentation, histopathology, and exclusion of other diseases that would lead to a similar appearance. The peak of incidence occurs between the ages of 20 to 50 years with women being more often affected than men. Aetiology has not been clearly determined yet. The treatment of PG is a challenge. Randomized, double-blinded prospective multicenter trials for PG are not available. The best documented treatments are systemic corticosteroids and ciclosporin A. Combinations of steroids with cytotoxic drugs are used in resistant cases. The combination of steroids with sulfa drugs or immunosuppressants has been used as steroid-sparing modalities. Anti-tumor necrosis alpha therapy in Crohn's disease showed a rapid response of PG. Skin transplants and the application of bioengineered skin is useful in selected cases as a complement to the immunosuppressive treatment. Topical therapy with modern wound dressings is useful to minimize pain and the risk of secondary infections. Despite recent advances in therapy, the prognosis of PG remains unpredictable

ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ СУПРАМОЛЕКУЛЯРНОГО КОМПЛЕКСА ФЕНБЕНДАЗОЛА ПРИ НЕМАТОДОЗАХ ОВЕЦ

 Objective of research: to study the anthelmintic efficacy of the supramolecular complex of Fenbendazole used against different nematode species in sheep Materials and methods: Experiments were carried out on young sheep spontaneously infected with gastrointestinal strongylates (48 head), Dictyocaulus filaria (42 head), Strongyloides papillosus (21 head) и Trichocephalus ovis (24 head). In each helminthiasis, the supramolecular complex of Fenbendazole was given once orally to sheep from various groups at the dose of 3,0; 2,0 and 1,0 mg a.i./kg in comparison with the base preparation Fenbendazole at the doses of 1,0 and 3,0 mg/kg. Sheep which didn’t receive the drug served as controls. The efficacy of drugs was evaluated before and 18 days after dehelmintization according to the results of coprolarvoscopic examination by flotation and G. Baermann methods. The registration of drug activity was performed using the «control test». Results and discussion: Anthelmintic efficacy was studied and a therapeutic dose for the supramolecular complex of Fenbendazole produced by chemical mechanical technology using the Drug Delivery System was determined. In gastrointestinal strongylatoses the supramolecular complex against D. filaria. at the doses of 3,0; 2,0 and 1,0 mg a.i./kg showed the efficacy of 100; 93,4 and 78% , respectively. The efficacy of supramolecular complex at the dose of 3,0 mg/kg against S. papillosus was 100 %, and against T. ovis - 98,3 % at 10–13% efficacy of the base preparation Fenbendazole at the dose of 1,0 mg/kg. The therapeutic dose for the supramolecular complex at main nematodiasis in sheep was 3,0 mg a.i./kg. Цель исследования – изучение антигельминтной эффективности супрамолекулярного комплекса фенбендазола против разных видов нематод у овец. Материалы и методы. Опыты проводили на молодняке овец, спонтанно инвазированном желудочно-кишечными стронгилятами (48 гол.), Dictyocaulus filaria (42 гол.), Strongyloides papillosus (21 гол.) и Trichocephalus ovis (24 гол.). При каждом гельминтозе овцам разных групп задавали однократно перорально супрамолекулярный комплекс фенбендазола в дозе 3,0; 2,0 и 1,0 мг/кг по ДВ в сравнении с базовым препаратом фенбендазолом в дозах 1,0 и 3,0 мг/кг. Контролем служила группа овец, не получавшая препарат. Эффективность препаратов учитывали по результатам копрооволарвоскопических исследований методом флотации и Бермана до и через 18 сут после дегельминтизации. Учет активности препаратов проводили по типу «контрольный тест». Результаты и обсуждение. Изучена антигельминтная эффективность и установлена терапевтическая доза супрамолекулярного комплекса фенбендазола, полученного по механохимической технологии с адресной доставкой Drug Delivery System. Комплекс в дозах 3,0; 2,0 и 1,0 мг/кг по ДВ показал соответственно 100; 93,4 и 78%-ную эффективность при  стронгилятозах пищеварительного тракта, 100; 92,4 и 76,0%-ную – против D. filaria. Эффективность комплекса в дозе 3,0 мг/кг составила против S. papillosus 100 % и против T. ovis 98,3 % при 10–13%-ной эффективности базового препарата – фенбендазола в дозе 1,0 мг/кг. Терапевтическая доза супрамолекулярного комплекса при основных нематодозах овец составила 3,0 мг/кг по ДВ

Advanced therapeutic dressings for effective wound healing

Advanced therapeutic dressings that take active part in wound healing to achieve rapid and complete healing of chronic wounds is of current research interest. There is a desire for novel strategies to achieve expeditious wound healing due to the enormous financial burden worldwide. This paper reviews the current state of wound healing and wound management products, with emphasis on the demand for more advanced forms of wound therapy and some of the current challenges and driving forces behind this demand. The paper reviews information mainly from peer reviewed literature and other publicly available sources such as the FDA. A major focus is the treatment of chronic wounds including amputations, diabetic and leg ulcers, pressure sores, surgical and traumatic wounds (e.g. accidents and burns) where patient immunity is low and the risk of infections and complications are high. The main dressings include medicated moist dressings, tissue engineered substitutes, biomaterials based biological dressings, biological and naturally derived dressings, medicated sutures and various combinations of the above classes. Finally, the review briefly discusses possible prospects of advanced wound healing including some of the emerging approaches such as hyperbaric oxygen, negative pressure wound therapy and laser wound healing, in routine clinical care

Clinical and histopathologic findings in cutaneous sting ray wounds: a case report

Human injuries related to stingray attacks include deep puncture wounds, envenomation, and foreign body reactions owing to retained tail fragments. Herein we report a patient who sustained a stingray injury that produced a subcutaneous granulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis with necrobiosis and review the topic of stingray injuries

ANTHELMINTIC EFFICACY OF PHENASALUM BASED ON SUPRAMOLECULAR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS (DDS) AT MONIEZIASIS IN CATTLE

Objective of research: to study the efficacy of supramolecular complexes of Phenasalum at monieziasis in cattle.Materials and methods: After helminthoovoscopic examination of feces by Fülleborn’s flotation method and evaluation of extensity and intensity of invasion, we have selected and formed according to the principle of analogs, 5 groups (10 heads each) of  Kazakh white-headed calves at the age of  6–7 mo. Animals in experimental groups received drugs orally as a single dose. Calves of the first group received a supramolecular complex of Phenasalum with Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in the ratio 1 : 2 at a dose of 20 mg a.i./kg (60 mg/kg of the body mass). The second group of animals was given a complex of Phenasalum with Arabinogalactan (AG) in the ratio 1: 2 at a dose of 20 mg a.i./kg (60 mg/kg of the body mass). Calves of the third group received a complex of Phenasalum with SiO2 in the ratio 1: 5 at a dose of 20 mg a.i./kg. Animals of the fourth group complex of Phenasalum with Arabinogalactan (AG) in the ratio 1:5 at a dose of 20 mg a.i./kg and 120 mg/kg of the body mass. Animal of the fifth group didn’t receive anthelmintics and served as controls.  14 days after giving the tested drugs, fecal samples were collected from all animal groups and helminthoovoscopic examinations were carried out.Results and discussion:  The experiment showed that at the supramolecular complexes of Phenasalum with Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in the ratio 1 : 2 and Phenasalum with Arabinogalactan (AG) in the ratio 1 : 2 at a dose of 20 mg a.i./kg were the most effective  at monieziasis in cattle. The efficacy of the complex of Phenasalum with SiO2 in the ratio 1: 5  was 74 %. The doses of tested drugs (20 mg a.i./kg) were 5 times less than that of the based Phenasalum (100 mg/kg)

Monitoring of parasitic diseases in productive animals in the Samara region

The purpose of the research: to monitor the epizootic situation on parasitic diseases in productive animals in the Samara region using a database. materials and methods. Research was performed at the Department of invasive diseases of Samara Research Veterinary Station Samara RVS FSBSI. Fecal samples from productive animals were examined by Fuelleborn’s method using polymerase chain reaction to visualize species-specific DNA sequences, and an immune chromatographic method in detecting of antigens Dirofilaria immitis in serum, plasma and whole blood of dogs and oocysts Giardia duodenalis in dogs’ feces. The extensity of invasion was estimated with regard to the number of analyses of biomaterial from animals whose owners consulted veterinary physicians. For the monitoring, we used the database “Parasitic diseases in productive animals and small domestic animals in the Samara region” developed in Samara RVS in 2013 which enables to monitor the health status of the animal during its lifetime as well as epizootic situation on parasitic diseases in single localities, economies, districts and in Samara region in general. Results and discussion. Research results revealed that Strongylata had been registered in 17 districts at extensity of invasion from 5 to 70%, Strongyloides, Moniezia, Trichocephala - in 10 districts (EI 10-80%), Skrjabinema - in 7 districts ( EI 5-10%), Nematodirus - in 5 districts (EI 20-80%), Parascaris, Ascaris, Paramphistomum - in 3 districts (EI 5-40%), Fasciola, Coccidia, Dictyocaulus - in 2 districts (EI 5-15%). The biggest species diversity of helminths (7 species) were found in Bolsheglushitsky, Kinelsky and Borsky districts of the Samara region. The monitoring showed the decrease in worm species diversity in 2016 in all districts of Samara region compared to 2015. Parasitic protozoans, Eimeria, were found in all districts of the Samara region. A significant reduction of worm species diversity was associated with permanent planned treatment of productive animals with anthelmintics. The results obtained were used in a number of livestock farms of the Samara region to control the epizootic situation as well as for treatment and prevention of diseases in productive animals