1,802 research outputs found
Value of T2 Mapping MRI for Prostate Cancer Detection and Classification.
Currently, multi-parametric prostate MRI (mpMRI) consists of a qualitative T <sub>2</sub> , diffusion weighted, and dynamic contrast enhanced imaging. Quantification of T <sub>2</sub> imaging might further standardize PCa detection and support artificial intelligence solutions.
To evaluate the value of T <sub>2</sub> mapping to detect prostate cancer (PCa) and to differentiate PCa aggressiveness.
Retrospective single center cohort study.
Forty-four consecutive patients (mean age 67 years; median PSA 7.9 ng/mL) with mpMRI and verified PCa by subsequent targeted plus systematic MR/ultrasound (US)-fusion biopsy from February 2019 to December 2019.
Standardized mpMRI at 3 T with an additionally acquired T <sub>2</sub> mapping sequence.
Primary endpoint was the analysis of quantitative T <sub>2</sub> values and contrast differences/ratios (CD/CR) between PCa and benign tissue. Secondary objectives were the correlation between T <sub>2</sub> values, ISUP grade, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value, and PI-RADS, and the evaluation of thresholds for differentiating PCa and clinically significant PCa (csPCa).
Mann-Whitney test, Spearman's rank (r <sub>s</sub> ) correlation, receiver operating curves, Youden's index (J), and AUC were performed. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05.
Median quantitative T <sub>2</sub> values were significantly lower for PCa in PZ (85 msec) and PCa in TZ (75 msec) compared to benign PZ (141 msec) or TZ (97 msec) (P < 0.001). CD/CR between PCa and benign PZ (51.2/1.77), respectively TZ (19.8/1.29), differed significantly (P < 0.001). The best T <sub>2</sub> -mapping threshold for PCa/csPCa detection was for TZ 81/86 msec (J = 0.929/1.0), and for PZ 110 msec (J = 0.834/0.905). Quantitative T <sub>2</sub> values of PCa did not correlate significantly with the ISUP grade (r <sub>s</sub> = 0.186; P = 0.226), ADC value (r <sub>s</sub> = 0.138; P = 0.372), or PI-RADS (r <sub>s</sub> = 0.132; P = 0.392).
Quantitative T <sub>2</sub> values could differentiate PCa in TZ and PZ and might support standardization of mpMRI of the prostate. Different thresholds seem to apply for PZ and TZ lesions. However, in the present study quantitative T <sub>2</sub> values were not able to indicate PCa aggressiveness.
2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2
Tumour cell contamination of autologous stem cells grafts in high-risk neuroblastoma: the good news?
A Development Environment for Visual Physics Analysis
The Visual Physics Analysis (VISPA) project integrates different aspects of
physics analyses into a graphical development environment. It addresses the
typical development cycle of (re-)designing, executing and verifying an
analysis. The project provides an extendable plug-in mechanism and includes
plug-ins for designing the analysis flow, for running the analysis on batch
systems, and for browsing the data content. The corresponding plug-ins are
based on an object-oriented toolkit for modular data analysis. We introduce the
main concepts of the project, describe the technical realization and
demonstrate the functionality in example applications
Airborne observations of Arctic air mass transformations during the HALO-(AC)3 campaign
The HALO-(AC)3 campaign was conducted in March and April 2022
to investigate warm air intrusions into the Arctic and marine cold air outbreaks. In
coordinated flights over the Arctic, the High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft
(HALO), equipped with a remote sensing payload and dropsondes, investigated these
air mass transformations together with the research aircraft Polar 5 and Polar 6. In
this report, we give an overview about the research flights and preliminary results from
projects, which are carried out by employees of the Leipzig Institute for Meteorology
(LIM).Die HALO-(AC)3 Kampagne wurde im März und April 2022
durchgefĂźhrt, umWarmlufteinbrĂźche in die Arktis und marine KaltluftausbrĂźche zu untersuchen.
Das 'High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft' (HALO), ausgestattet
mit Instrumenten zur Fernerkundung und Standardmeteorologiesonden, untersuchte
zusammen mit den Forschungsflugzeugen Polar 5 und Polar 6, in koordinierten FlĂźgen
ßber der Arktis, diese Veränderungen der Luftmassen. In diesem Bericht wird eine
Ăbersicht Ăźber die durchgefĂźhrten ForschungsflĂźge gegeben und Forschungsprojekte
werden vorgestellt, welche von Mitarbeitern des Leipziger Instituts fĂźr Meteorologie
(LIM) durchgefĂźhrt werden
The use of 4D-CTA in the diagnostic work-up of brain arteriovenous malformations
Neuro Imaging Researc
Search for the standard model Higgs boson in the H to ZZ to 2l 2nu channel in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
A search for the standard model Higgs boson in the H to ZZ to 2l 2nu decay
channel, where l = e or mu, in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7
TeV is presented. The data were collected at the LHC, with the CMS detector,
and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 inverse femtobarns. No
significant excess is observed above the background expectation, and upper
limits are set on the Higgs boson production cross section. The presence of the
standard model Higgs boson with a mass in the 270-440 GeV range is excluded at
95% confidence level.Comment: Submitted to JHE
Search for anomalous t t-bar production in the highly-boosted all-hadronic final state
A search is presented for a massive particle, generically referred to as a
Z', decaying into a t t-bar pair. The search focuses on Z' resonances that are
sufficiently massive to produce highly Lorentz-boosted top quarks, which yield
collimated decay products that are partially or fully merged into single jets.
The analysis uses new methods to analyze jet substructure, providing
suppression of the non-top multijet backgrounds. The analysis is based on a
data sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV,
corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 inverse femtobarns. Upper limits
in the range of 1 pb are set on the product of the production cross section and
branching fraction for a topcolor Z' modeled for several widths, as well as for
a Randall--Sundrum Kaluza--Klein gluon. In addition, the results constrain any
enhancement in t t-bar production beyond expectations of the standard model for
t t-bar invariant masses larger than 1 TeV.Comment: Submitted to the Journal of High Energy Physics; this version
includes a minor typo correction that will be submitted as an erratu
Pre-operative radiotherapy is associated with superior local relapse-free survival in advanced synovial sarcoma
PURPOSE: Optimization of local therapies in synovial sarcoma (SS) considered unresectable at diagnosis is needed. We evaluated the effects of neoadjuvant versus adjuvant radiation versus surgery only on long-term outcomes. METHODS: Patients with macroscopic SS tumors before chemotherapy (IRS-group-III) in the trials CWS-81, CWS-86, CWS-91, CWS-96, CWS-2002-P and SoTiSaR-registry were analyzed. Local therapies were scheduled after 3 neoadjuvant chemotherapy cycles. RESULTS: Median age of 145 patients was 14.5 years. 106 survivors had median follow-up of 7.0 years. Tumor site was 96 extremities, 19 head-neck, 16 shoulder/hip, 14 trunk. Tumors wereââ10 cm in 34 patients. In a secondary resection during chemotherapy, R0-status was accomplished in 82, R1 in 30, R2 in 21 (12 missing). Radiotherapy was administered to 115 (R0 61, R1 29, R2 20, missing 5), thereof 57 before and 52 after tumor resection. 23 were treated with surgery only. For all patients, 5 year event-free (EFS) and overall survival (OS) was 68.9%âÂąâ7.6 (95%CI) and 79.1%âÂąâ6.9. To establish independent significance, tumor site, size, surgical results and sequencing of local therapies were analyzed in a Cox regression analysis. Variables associated with EFS and OS are site, size and sequencing of local therapies. Variables associated with local recurrence are site, surgical results and sequencing of local therapies. The only variable associated with suffering metastatic recurrence is tumor size. CONCLUSION: Differences in sequencing of local therapy procedures are independently associated with outcomes. Best local control is achieved when tumors are irradiated pre-operatively and undergo R0 or R1 resection thereafter
Measurement of the t t-bar production cross section in the dilepton channel in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
The t t-bar production cross section (sigma[t t-bar]) is measured in
proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV in data collected by the CMS
experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 inverse
femtobarns. The measurement is performed in events with two leptons (electrons
or muons) in the final state, at least two jets identified as jets originating
from b quarks, and the presence of an imbalance in transverse momentum. The
measured value of sigma[t t-bar] for a top-quark mass of 172.5 GeV is 161.9 +/-
2.5 (stat.) +5.1/-5.0 (syst.) +/- 3.6(lumi.) pb, consistent with the prediction
of the standard model.Comment: Replaced with published version. Included journal reference and DO
Combined search for the quarks of a sequential fourth generation
Results are presented from a search for a fourth generation of quarks
produced singly or in pairs in a data set corresponding to an integrated
luminosity of 5 inverse femtobarns recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC in
2011. A novel strategy has been developed for a combined search for quarks of
the up and down type in decay channels with at least one isolated muon or
electron. Limits on the mass of the fourth-generation quarks and the relevant
Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements are derived in the context of a
simple extension of the standard model with a sequential fourth generation of
fermions. The existence of mass-degenerate fourth-generation quarks with masses
below 685 GeV is excluded at 95% confidence level for minimal off-diagonal
mixing between the third- and the fourth-generation quarks. With a mass
difference of 25 GeV between the quark masses, the obtained limit on the masses
of the fourth-generation quarks shifts by about +/- 20 GeV. These results
significantly reduce the allowed parameter space for a fourth generation of
fermions.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
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