Enhanced Hydrogen Production in Escherichia coli Through Chemical Mutagenesis, Gene Deletion, and Transposon Mutagenesis

We demonstrate that hydrogen production can be increased by random mutagenesis using N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and that hydrogen production can be further increased in the chemically-mutagenized strain by targeted gene deletion and overexpression of genes related to formate metabolism. Chemical mutagenesis of Escherichia coli BW25113 hyaB hybC hycE::kan/pBS(Kan)-HycE to form strain 3/86 resulted in 109 +/- 0.5- fold more hydrogen; 3/86 lacks functional hydrogen uptake hydrogenases 1 and 2, has hydrogenproducing hydrogenase 3 inactivated from the chromosome, and has constitutively active hydrogenase 3 based on expression of the large subunit of hydrogenase 3 from a high copy number plasmid. Deleting fdoG, which encodes formate dehydrogenase O, (that diverts formate from hydrogen), from chemical mutagen 3/86 increased hydrogen production 188 +/- 0.50-fold (relative to the unmutagenized strain), and deletion of hycA, which encodes the repressor of formate hydrogen lyase (FHL), increased hydrogen production 232 +/- 0.50-fold. Deleting both fdoG and hycA increased hydrogen production 257 +/- 0.50-fold, and overexpressing fhlA along with the fdoG hycA mutations increased hydrogen 308 +/- 0.52-fold. Whole-transcriptome analysis of chemical mutagen 3/86 revealed 89 genes were induced and 31 genes were repressed. In an effort to identify chromosomal mutations in chemical mutagen 3/86, we performed comparative genome sequencing and identified two chromosomal loci with mutations in coding regions of ftnA and yebJ; however, neither gene was related to the increased hydrogen production as determined by the close vial (short) hydrogen assay. In addition, transposon mutagenesis, which is one of the most efficient strategies for creating random mutations in the genomic DNA, was performed in two different strains: E. coli BW25113 hyaB hybC hycA fdoG::kan/pCA24N-FhlA and E. coli MG1655 to identify beneficial mutations for hydrogen production. As a result of screening 461 E. coli BW25113 hyaB hybC hycA fdoG::kan/pCA24N-FhlA transformants and 1000 E. coli MG1655 transformants, three interesting mutations have been discovered in E. coli BW25113 hyaB hybC hycA fdoG::kan/pCA24N-FhlA transformants (gpsA, dipZ, glgP) and 1 beneficial mutation in E. coli MG1655 transformants (malT). When any of these genes gpsA, dipZ, or glgP is disrupted by Tn5 insertion, hydrogen production decreases 17, 3 and 8-fold, respectively. Additionally, when malT gene is disrupted by Tn5 insertion, hydrogen increases 3.4-fold

Sociedad Liquida - Inestabilidad Laboral

El siguiente artículo está basado en la teoría de Zygmunt Bauman sobre la sociedad liquida y miedo líquido. En ella se interpretan todas las transformaciones por las que está pasando la sociedad actualmente. El ayer no es igual al hoy. La gente está invadida por un miedo a actuar, pensar, generar un punto de vista crítico frente a dichas transformaciones. Además, los cambios generados por la globalización, la pérdida de valor del ser humano como ser individual y social y, en especial, el cambio en la estabilidad emocional del sujeto visto desde el entorno laboral. Por ese motivo se elaboró una batería psicológica relacionada con la inestabilidad laboral. El objetivo de la prueba es identificar y determinar comportamientos y atributos en las personas que determinen una estabilidad laboral. Es decir, establecer si las personas que la responden se caracterizan por tener atributos como poco compromiso, constancia o responsabilidad en el ámbito laboral. Esta prueba fue validada por 10expertos y se aplicó a 50 personas para establecer la confiabilidad de la misma. Los resultados fueron exitosos. La Batería es una prueba válida y confiable

Sociedad Liquida - Inestabilidad Laboral

El siguiente artículo está basado en la teoría de Zygmunt Bauman sobre la sociedad liquida y miedo líquido. En ella se interpretan todas las transformaciones por las que está pasando la sociedad actualmente. El ayer no es igual al hoy. La gente está invadida por un miedo a actuar, pensar, generar un punto de vista crítico frente a dichas transformaciones. Además, los cambios generados por la globalización, la pérdida de valor del ser humano como ser individual y social y, en especial, el cambio en la estabilidad emocional del sujeto visto desde el entorno laboral. Por ese motivo se elaboró una batería psicológica relacionada con la inestabilidad laboral. El objetivo de la prueba es identificar y determinar comportamientos y atributos en las personas que determinen una estabilidad laboral. Es decir, establecer si las personas que la responden se caracterizan por tener atributos como poco compromiso, constancia o responsabilidad en el ámbito laboral. Esta prueba fue validada por 10expertos y se aplicó a 50 personas para establecer la confiabilidad de la misma. Los resultados fueron exitosos. La Batería es una prueba válida y confiable

Sintomatología osteomuscular en profesionales de odontología del municipio de Fusagasugá zona centro (enero – abril 2019).

Identificar los síntomas osteomusculares presentes en los odontólogos ubicados en la zona centro del municipio de Fusagasugá para el primer trimestre del 2019.El objetivo de la presente investigación es identificar la sintomatología relacionada con desórdenes musculo esqueléticos, presente en los odontólogos ubicados en el municipio de Fusagasugá zona centro. Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo con corte transversal, en el cual se describe las condiciones sociodemográficas de los profesionales, la sintomatología que reportan y las condiciones del ambiente de trabajo donde desarrollan su práctica profesional, mediante la recolección de información primaria, aplicando varios instrumentos :Encuesta Sintomatológica DME, y una lista de inspección de las condiciones de trabajo, el estudio se realizó con la participación total de la población objeto de estudio, en el periodo de (enero – abril 2019). Los desórdenes musculo esqueléticos son una de las principales causas de enfermedades e incapacidades en los profesionales de odontología debido a la adopción posturas inadecuadas y malos hábitos al realizar sus labores administrativas y de práctica clínica, causando daños al sistema musculo esqueléticos, originando bajo rendimiento laboral y afectando su calidad de vida, con el tiempo se puede generar enfermedades de origen laboral.The objective of the present investigation is to identify the symptomatology related to musculoskeletal disorders, present in dentists located in the municipality of Fusagasugá downtown area. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted, which describes the sociodemographic conditions of the professionals, the symptoms they report and the conditions of the work environment where they develop their professional practice, by collecting primary information, applying various instruments : DME Symptomatology Survey, and a list of inspection of working conditions, the study was conducted with the total participation of the population under study, in the period of (January - April 2019). Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the main causes of diseases and disabilities in dental professionals due to the adoption of inappropriate postures and bad habits when performing their administrative and clinical practice, causing damage to the musculoskeletal system, resulting in low work performance and affecting their quality of life, over time can generate work-related diseases

Sintomatología osteomuscular en profesionales de odontología del municipio de Fusagasugá zona centro (enero – abril 2019).

Identificar los síntomas osteomusculares presentes en los odontólogos ubicados en la zona centro del municipio de Fusagasugá para el primer trimestre del 2019.El objetivo de la presente investigación es identificar la sintomatología relacionada con desórdenes musculo esqueléticos, presente en los odontólogos ubicados en el municipio de Fusagasugá zona centro. Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo con corte transversal, en el cual se describe las condiciones sociodemográficas de los profesionales, la sintomatología que reportan y las condiciones del ambiente de trabajo donde desarrollan su práctica profesional, mediante la recolección de información primaria, aplicando varios instrumentos :Encuesta Sintomatológica DME, y una lista de inspección de las condiciones de trabajo, el estudio se realizó con la participación total de la población objeto de estudio, en el periodo de (enero – abril 2019). Los desórdenes musculo esqueléticos son una de las principales causas de enfermedades e incapacidades en los profesionales de odontología debido a la adopción posturas inadecuadas y malos hábitos al realizar sus labores administrativas y de práctica clínica, causando daños al sistema musculo esqueléticos, originando bajo rendimiento laboral y afectando su calidad de vida, con el tiempo se puede generar enfermedades de origen laboral.The objective of the present investigation is to identify the symptomatology related to musculoskeletal disorders, present in dentists located in the municipality of Fusagasugá downtown area. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted, which describes the sociodemographic conditions of the professionals, the symptoms they report and the conditions of the work environment where they develop their professional practice, by collecting primary information, applying various instruments : DME Symptomatology Survey, and a list of inspection of working conditions, the study was conducted with the total participation of the population under study, in the period of (January - April 2019). Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the main causes of diseases and disabilities in dental professionals due to the adoption of inappropriate postures and bad habits when performing their administrative and clinical practice, causing damage to the musculoskeletal system, resulting in low work performance and affecting their quality of life, over time can generate work-related diseases

Evaluación del programa de articulación a partir de historias de vida de estudiantes de una IED de la localidad de Bosa

Within the articulation program in the CGA there has been some research that aims to evaluate the impact of this program on students who received this technical education. This article arises in this context and it is going to present the life stories of technical students who attend a public institution in Bosa related to the experience of education they have been receiving from their school and from SENA. This text takes the advantages of qualitative approach, it systematizes the information collected by the life stories technique. For achieving the aim, the article is goingto be divided into: introduction, methodology and the authors quoted; a description of the most important findings and its categories; and finally, the conclusion that allow to recognize the role played by technical training in this particular context.Dentro del programa de articulación del CGA se ha venido adelantando una investigación que busca evaluar la incidencia que este ha tenido para los estudiantes que hacen parte del proceso. En este contexto surge el siguiente artículo, que tiene como propósito presentar las historias de vida de las estudiantes de una institución educativa distrital (IED) de la localidad de Bosa en relación con la experiencia de formación impartida tanto por su colegio como por el SENA. Este documento toma las ventajas del enfoque cualitativo, sistematiza la información recogida a través de la técnica de historias de vida. Con el propósito de cumplir con el objetivo planteado, el desarrollo del texto es el siguiente: introducción; presentación de la metodologíay de los autores citados; descripción de los hallazgos y las categorías; finalmente, se presentan las conclusiones, que permiten reconocer el papel de la formación técnica en este contexto en particular

Systematic reviews experience major limitations in reporting absolute effects

Objectives: Expressing treatment effects in relative terms yields larger numbers than expressions in absolute terms, affecting the judgment of the clinicians and patients regarding the treatment options. It is uncertain how authors of systematic reviews (SRs) absolute effect estimates are reported in. We therefore undertook a systematic survey to identify and describe the reporting and methods for calculating absolute effect estimates in SRs. Study Design and Setting: Two reviewers independently screened title, abstract, and full text and extracted data from a sample of Cochrane and non-Cochrane SRs. We used regression analyses to examine the association between study characteristics and the reporting of absolute estimates for the most patient-important outcome. Results: We included 202 SRs (98 Cochrane and 104 non-Cochrane), most of which (92.1%) included standard meta-analyses including relative estimates of effect. Of the 202 SRs, 73 (36.1%) reported absolute effect estimates for the most patient-important outcome. SRs with statistically significant effects were more likely to report absolute estimates (odds ratio, 2.26; 95% confidence interval: 1.08, 4.74). The most commonly reported absolute estimates were: for each intervention, risk of adverse outcomes expressed as a percentage (41.1%); number needed to treat (26.0%); and risk for each intervention expressed as natural units or natural frequencies (24.7%). In 12.3% of the SRs that reported absolute effect estimates for both benefit and harm outcomes, harm outcomes were reported exclusively as absolute estimates. Exclusively reporting of beneficial outcomes as absolute estimates occurred in 6.8% of the SRs. Conclusions: Most SRs do not report absolute effects. Those that do often report them inadequately, thus requiring users of SRs to generate their own estimates of absolute effects. For any apparently effective or harmful intervention, SR authors should report both absolute and relative estimates to optimize the interpretation of their findings. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe

Reporting, handling and assessing the risk of bias associated with missing participant data in systematic reviews : a methodological survey

Objectives: To describe how systematic reviewers are reporting missing data for dichotomous outcomes, handling them in the analysis and assessing the risk of associated bias. Methods: We searched MEDLINE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for systematic reviews of randomised trials published in 2010, and reporting a meta-analysis of a dichotomous outcome. We randomly selected 98 Cochrane and 104 non-Cochrane systematic reviews. Teams of 2 reviewers selected eligible studies and abstracted data independently and in duplicate using standardised, piloted forms with accompanying instructions. We conducted regression analyses to explore factors associated with using complete case analysis and with judging the risk of bias associated with missing participant data. Results: Of Cochrane and non-Cochrane reviews, 47% and 7% (p Conclusions: Though Cochrane reviews are somewhat less problematic, most Cochrane and non-Cochrane systematic reviews fail to adequately report and handle missing data, potentially resulting in misleading judgements regarding risk of bias.Peer reviewe

A methodological survey of the analysis, reporting and interpretation of Absolute Risk Reduction in systematic reviews (ARROW) : a study protocol

Q2Q1Protocolo1-8Background: Clinicians, providers and guideline panels use absolute effects to weigh the advantages and downsides of treatment alternatives. Relative measures have the potential to mislead readers. However, little is known about the reporting of absolute measures in systematic reviews. The objectives of our study are to determine the proportion of systematic reviews that report absolute measures of effect for the most important outcomes, and ascertain how they are analyzed, reported and interpreted. Methods/design: We will conduct a methodological survey of systematic reviews published in 2010. We will conduct a 1:1 stratified random sampling of Cochrane vs. non-Cochrane systematic reviews. We will calculate the proportion of systematic reviews reporting at least one absolute estimate of effect for the most patient-important outcome for the comparison of interest. We will conduct multivariable logistic regression analyses with the reporting of an absolute estimate of effect as the dependent variable and pre-specified study characteristics as the independent variables. For systematic reviews reporting an absolute estimate of effect, we will document the methods used for the analysis, reporting and interpretation of the absolute estimate. Discussion: Our methodological survey will inform current practices regarding reporting of absolute estimates in systematic reviews. Our findings may influence recommendations on reporting, conduct and interpretation of absolute estimates. Our results are likely to be of interest to systematic review authors, funding agencies, clinicians, guideline developers and journal editors

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio