2021 Taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales.

Correction to: 2021 Taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales. Archives of Virology (2021) 166:3567–3579. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-021-05266-wIn March 2021, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. The phylum was expanded by four families (Aliusviridae, Crepuscuviridae, Myriaviridae, and Natareviridae), three subfamilies (Alpharhabdovirinae, Betarhabdovirinae, and Gammarhabdovirinae), 42 genera, and 200 species. Thirty-nine species were renamed and/or moved and seven species were abolished. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV.This work was supported in part through Laulima Government Solutions, LLC prime contract with the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. This work was also supported in part with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Contract No. 75N91019D00024, Task Order No. 75N91019F00130 to I.C., who was supported by the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research. This work was also funded in part by Contract No. HSHQDC-15-C-00064 awarded by DHS S&T for the management and operation of The National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center, a federally funded research and development center operated by the Battelle National Biodefense Institute (V.W.); and NIH contract HHSN272201000040I/HHSN27200004/D04 and grant R24AI120942 (N.V., R.B.T.). S.S. acknowledges partial support from the Special Research Initiative of Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES), Mississippi State University, and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, Hatch Project 1021494. Part of this work was supported by the Francis Crick Institute which receives its core funding from Cancer Research UK (FC001030), the UK Medical Research Council (FC001030), and the Wellcome Trust (FC001030).S

The International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean Version 4.0

Funder: The Nippon Foundation of Japan, grant Seabed 2030Funder: Open access funding provided by Stockholm UniversityAbstract: Bathymetry (seafloor depth), is a critical parameter providing the geospatial context for a multitude of marine scientific studies. Since 1997, the International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO) has been the authoritative source of bathymetry for the Arctic Ocean. IBCAO has merged its efforts with the Nippon Foundation-GEBCO-Seabed 2030 Project, with the goal of mapping all of the oceans by 2030. Here we present the latest version (IBCAO Ver. 4.0), with more than twice the resolution (200 × 200 m versus 500 × 500 m) and with individual depth soundings constraining three times more area of the Arctic Ocean (∼19.8% versus 6.7%), than the previous IBCAO Ver. 3.0 released in 2012. Modern multibeam bathymetry comprises ∼14.3% in Ver. 4.0 compared to ∼5.4% in Ver. 3.0. Thus, the new IBCAO Ver. 4.0 has substantially more seafloor morphological information that offers new insights into a range of submarine features and processes; for example, the improved portrayal of Greenland fjords better serves predictive modelling of the fate of the Greenland Ice Sheet

2021 Taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales.

In March 2021, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. The phylum was expanded by four families (Aliusviridae, Crepuscuviridae, Myriaviridae, and Natareviridae), three subfamilies (Alpharhabdovirinae, Betarhabdovirinae, and Gammarhabdovirinae), 42 genera, and 200 species. Thirty-nine species were renamed and/or moved and seven species were abolished. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV

État des lieux, en 2012, de la prise en charge par les médecins généralistes de Loire-Atlantique et Vendée des patients infectés par le VIH (analyse étendue aux Pays de Loire)

A l'heure où la pathologie VIH devient une maladie chronique, nous avons voulu évaluer les pratiques de dépistage et d'annonce de séropositivité par les médecins généralistes de Loire-Atlantique et Vendée et savoir s'ils souhaiteraient suivre ces patients dans le cadre de leur maladie. Notre travail complète 3 enquêtes réalisées dans les autres départements de la région, permettant des conclusions régionales. Nous avons reçu 450 réponses sur les 1607 questionnaires adressés aux généralistes des deux départements concernés. Sur l'ensemble de la région le taux de réponses est de 30,4%. Les populations les mieux dépistées sont les femmes enceintes et les personnes ayant pris un risque sexuel, mais les pratiques de dépistage sont faibles chez les populations d'origine africaine, les hommes ayant des relations sexuelles avec des hommes, et devant des tableaux cliniques ou biologiques évocateurs. 12,2% des médecins réalisent un dépistage systématique en population générale. Des raisons majoritairement psycho-sociales rendent l'annonce diagnostique difficile pour plus de 2/3 des médecins. Ils suivent très peu de patients VIH (1,4 en moyenne), presque deux fois plus en zone urbaine que rurale. Pourtant 45,4% d'entre eux envisagent de prendre en charge ces patients dans le cadre de leur maladie (suivi clinique et biologique, renouvellement de traitement et aide à l'observance). Proposer des formations (souhaitées par la moitié des médecins interrogés) semble essentiel.NANTES-BU Médecine pharmacie (441092101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Raltegravir 1200 Mg Once Daily as Maintenance Therapy in Virologically Suppressed HIV-1 Infected Adults: QDISS Open-Label Trial

Abstract Background Raltegravir (RAL) has favorable tolerability and safety profile, with few and manageable drug interactions. The use of RAL 1200~mg once daily (qd) for first-line therapy is well established. We assessed efficacy and safety of RAL 1200~mg qd, as part of triple combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), for maintenance strategy. Methods The QDISS trial (NCT03195452) was a 48-week multicenter, single-arm, open-label study designed to evaluate the ability of 2 NRTIs\,+\,RAL 1200~mg qd to maintain virological suppression in HIV-1 infected subjects on a stable cART with 2 NRTIs and a third agent for at least 6~months. The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants with HIV-1 RNA\,<\,50 copies/mL at week 24, by the FDA snapshot algorithm. Results Of 100 participants 91% maintained viral suppression (95% CI: 83.6\textendash 95.8) at week 24 and 89% (81.2\textendash 94.4) at week 48. At week 24, there was one virological failure, without emergence of resistance-associated mutation and 10 participants had discontinued, 4 because of adverse events (AEs). Over 48~weeks, 7 AEs of grade 3\textendash 4 were reported, one possibly study-drug related (spontaneous abortion). BMI remained stable regardless of previous therapy or baseline BMI category. Over 48~weeks, total cholesterol ( p \,=\,0.023) and LDL-cholesterol ( p \,=\,0.009) decreased, lifestyle and ease subscale significantly improved ( p \,=\,0.04). The quality of life and Patients Reported Outcomes (PROs) also improved at W12 ( p \,=\,0.007). Conclusion RAL 1200~mg qd as part of a maintenance triple therapy showed a high efficacy in virologically suppressed HIV-1 infected subjects, with good safety profile and improved lipid profile and patient reported outcomes. Trial registration: Clinical trials.gov NCT03195452 and EudraCT 2016-003702-13

A Group-Based Trajectory Model for Changes in Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis and Condom Use Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Participating in the ANRS IPERGAY Trial

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is one of the most important milestones in HIV prevention for high-risk HIV-negative people. The introduction of PrEP into the HIV prevention package has raised the question of possible risk compensation, and in particular, a reduction in condom use. Although open-label extension (OLE) studies have enabled investigators to examine risk compensation in more real-life settings, results to date have been inconclusive regarding PrEP-induced behavioral changes. We aimed to identify behavioral trajectories over time for PrEP and condom use, and to investigate the link between these trajectories. Group-based trajectory modeling using logistic specification was implemented. Data of the 332 individuals participating in the double-blind and OLE phases of ANRS IPERGAY were used. Four distinct group trajectories were identified: 49.7% of the participants had ``systematic adherence to PrEP,'' 19% had ``high adherence to PrEP, 15.3% had ``declining adherence to PrEP,'' and 16% had ``low adherence to PrEP.'' Two condom trajectories were identified: 53% (n = 176) of the 332 participants were ``low-level users'' of condoms, and 47% were ``high-level users.'' Among the former, 24.4% also belonged to the ``low adherence to PrEP'' group. This most-at-risk group represented 13% of all the participants. The effectiveness of offering sexual activity-based PrEP as part of the French HIV prevention package in the ANRS IPERGAY clinical trial is demonstrated by the relatively small proportion of participants that offset their low-level condom use with PrEP adherence. The results from this work may help in the future development of tailored prevention programs for high-risk HIV-negative people

The early stages of the immune response of the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata to a Vibrio harveyi infection.

Vibrio harveyi is a marine bacterial pathogen responsible for episodic abalone mortalities in France, Japan and Australia. In the European abalone, V. harveyi invades the circulatory system in a few hours after exposure and is lethal after 2 days of infection. In this study, we investigated the responses of European abalone immune cells over the first 24 h of infection. Results revealed an initial induction of immune gene expression including Rel/NF-kB, Mpeg and Clathrin. It is rapidly followed by a significant immunosuppression characterized by reduced cellular hemocyte parameters, immune response gene expressions and enzymatic activities. Interestingly, Ferritin was overexpressed after 24 h of infection suggesting that abalone attempt to counter V. harveyi infection using soluble effectors. Immune function alteration was positively correlated with V. harveyi concentration. This study provides the evidence that V. harveyi has a hemolytic activity and an immuno-suppressive effect in the European abalone

The International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean Version 4.0.

Bathymetry (seafloor depth), is a critical parameter providing the geospatial context for a multitude of marine scientific studies. Since 1997, the International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO) has been the authoritative source of bathymetry for the Arctic Ocean. IBCAO has merged its efforts with the Nippon Foundation-GEBCO-Seabed 2030 Project, with the goal of mapping all of the oceans by 2030. Here we present the latest version (IBCAO Ver. 4.0), with more than twice the resolution (200 × 200 m versus 500 × 500 m) and with individual depth soundings constraining three times more area of the Arctic Ocean (∼19.8% versus 6.7%), than the previous IBCAO Ver. 3.0 released in 2012. Modern multibeam bathymetry comprises ∼14.3% in Ver. 4.0 compared to ∼5.4% in Ver. 3.0. Thus, the new IBCAO Ver. 4.0 has substantially more seafloor morphological information that offers new insights into a range of submarine features and processes; for example, the improved portrayal of Greenland fjords better serves predictive modelling of the fate of the Greenland Ice Sheet