1,179 research outputs found
Inelastic Proton Scattering to Unnatural Parity States in Even Mass Nuclei
This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grant PHY 76-84033 and Indiana Universit
Node-weighted measures for complex networks with spatially embedded, sampled, or differently sized nodes
When network and graph theory are used in the study of complex systems, a
typically finite set of nodes of the network under consideration is frequently
either explicitly or implicitly considered representative of a much larger
finite or infinite region or set of objects of interest. The selection
procedure, e.g., formation of a subset or some kind of discretization or
aggregation, typically results in individual nodes of the studied network
representing quite differently sized parts of the domain of interest. This
heterogeneity may induce substantial bias and artifacts in derived network
statistics. To avoid this bias, we propose an axiomatic scheme based on the
idea of node splitting invariance to derive consistently weighted variants of
various commonly used statistical network measures. The practical relevance and
applicability of our approach is demonstrated for a number of example networks
from different fields of research, and is shown to be of fundamental importance
in particular in the study of spatially embedded functional networks derived
from time series as studied in, e.g., neuroscience and climatology.Comment: 21 pages, 13 figure
Structural and dynamical properties of superfluid helium: a density functional approach
We present a novel density functional for liquid 4He, properly accounting for
the static response function and the phonon-roton dispersion in the uniform
liquid. The functional is used to study both structural and dynamical
properties of superfluid helium in various geometries. The equilibrium
properties of the free surface, droplets and films at zero temperature are
calculated. Our predictions agree closely to the results of ab initio Monte
Carlo calculations, when available. The introduction of a phenomenological
velocity dependent interaction, which accounts for backflow effects, is
discussed. The spectrum of the elementary excitations of the free surface and
films is studied.Comment: 37 pages, REVTeX 3.0, figures on request at [email protected]
Heavy-ion resonance and statistical fission competition in the Mg24+24Mg system at Ec.m.=44.4 MeV
The fully energy-damped cross sections of the Mg24+24Mg reaction at Ec.m.=44.4 MeV have been measured for all of the major fission channels. High-resolution Q-value spectra have been obtained for the large-angle yields in the Mg24+24Mg and Ne20+28Si channels. Calculations based on the transition-state model are found to reproduce the fully damped cross sections in all of the observed mass channels. The pronounced structure that is observed in the excitation-energy spectra for the more symmetric mass channels, even for the strongly damped yields, is shown to be qualitatively reproduced by assuming a spin-weighted population of the fragment states. There is no evidence, however, that the structure of the nascent fission fragments at scission may influence the population of states in the fragments. These results, taken together with earlier measurements of the resonance behavior of this system, suggest the coexistence of fission from the normal, compact compound nucleus with that from the deformed configurations believed to be responsible for the resonance behavior
Significant out-of-sample classification from methylation profile scoring for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
We conducted DNA methylation association analyses using Illumina 450K data from whole blood for an Australian amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) caseâcontrol cohort (782 cases and 613 controls). Analyses used mixed linear models as implemented in the OSCA software. We found a significantly higher proportion of neutrophils in cases compared to controls which replicated in an independent cohort from the Netherlands (1159 cases and 637 controls). The OSCA MOMENT linear mixed model has been shown in simulations to best account for confounders. When combined in a methylation profile score, the 25 most-associated probes identified by MOMENT significantly classified caseâcontrol status in the Netherlands sample (area under the curve, AUCâ=â0.65, CI95%â=â[0.62â0.68], pâ=â8.3âĂâ10â22). The maximum AUC achieved was 0.69 (CI95%â=â[0.66â0.71], pâ=â4.3âĂâ10â34) when cell-type proportion was included in the predictor
An Integrated TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource to Drive High-Quality Survival Outcome Analytics
For a decade, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program collected clinicopathologic annotation data along with multi-platform molecular profiles of more than 11,000 human tumors across 33 different cancer types. TCGA clinical data contain key features representing the democratized nature of the data collection process. To ensure proper use of this large clinical dataset associated with genomic features, we developed a standardized dataset named the TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource (TCGA-CDR), which includes four major clinical outcome endpoints. In addition to detailing major challenges and statistical limitations encountered during the effort of integrating the acquired clinical data, we present a summary that includes endpoint usage recommendations for each cancer type. These TCGA-CDR findings appear to be consistent with cancer genomics studies independent of the TCGA effort and provide opportunities for investigating cancer biology using clinical correlates at an unprecedented scale. Analysis of clinicopathologic annotations for over 11,000 cancer patients in the TCGA program leads to the generation of TCGA Clinical Data Resource, which provides recommendations of clinical outcome endpoint usage for 33 cancer types
Search for a W' boson decaying to a bottom quark and a top quark in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Results are presented from a search for a W' boson using a dataset
corresponding to 5.0 inverse femtobarns of integrated luminosity collected
during 2011 by the CMS experiment at the LHC in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV.
The W' boson is modeled as a heavy W boson, but different scenarios for the
couplings to fermions are considered, involving both left-handed and
right-handed chiral projections of the fermions, as well as an arbitrary
mixture of the two. The search is performed in the decay channel W' to t b,
leading to a final state signature with a single lepton (e, mu), missing
transverse energy, and jets, at least one of which is tagged as a b-jet. A W'
boson that couples to fermions with the same coupling constant as the W, but to
the right-handed rather than left-handed chiral projections, is excluded for
masses below 1.85 TeV at the 95% confidence level. For the first time using LHC
data, constraints on the W' gauge coupling for a set of left- and right-handed
coupling combinations have been placed. These results represent a significant
improvement over previously published limits.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters B. Replaced with version publishe
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