PENGGUNAAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN MAKE A MATCH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS TERPADU KELAS VIII SEMESTER I SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 2 SURAKARTA

PENGGUNAAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN MAKE A MATCH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS TERPADU KELAS VIII SEMESTER I SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 2 SURAKARTA HARMADA IBNU WIJAYA, A 210080086, Jurusan Program Studi Pendidikan Akuntansi, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, 2014. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui : (1) Penggunaan metode pembelajaran kooperatif tipe make a match dapat menghasilkan hasil belajar yang lebih baik daripada penggunaan metode pembelajaran konvensional pada pokok bahasan pasar. (2) Interaksi antara metode pembelajaran IPS terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada pokok bahasan pasar. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Surakarta tahun ajaran 2012/2013 yang diambil sebanyak 9 siswa kelas VIII SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Surakarta yang berjumlah 35 anak sebagai kelompok eksperimen di Kelas VIIIA dan siswa kelas VIIIB yang berjumlah 35 anak sebagai kelompok kontrol yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode angket dan dokumentasi. Berdasar hasil analisis data diperoleh: (1) Hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran IPS pada materi pokok kehidupan awal masyarakat kepulauan Indonesia yang menggunakan model Make a match diperoleh hasil post test rata-rata sebesar 85,69. (2) Hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran IPS yang tidak menggunakan model pembelajaran Make a match atau menggunakan metode konvensional diperoleh hasil post test rata-rata sebesar 66,66. (3) 3. Pembelajaran IPS siswa kelas VIII SD Surakarta dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Make a match Menghasilkan pengaruh yang lebih signifikan dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran IPS yang menggunakan metode konvensional . Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil perhitungan dengan uji t diperoleh thitung = 84,024 sedangkan ttabel(0,95) = 2,03. Karena thitung > ttabel yaitu 4,060 > 2,03, Kata Kunci : Make A Match dan Motivasi Belaja

ANALISIS KELAYAKAN INVESTASI AKTIVA UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN USAHA DENGAN PERHITUNGAN CAPITAL BUDGETING PADA UD RAHAYU DI SURABAYA

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai analisis investasi pembelian rumah produksi dan mesin pada UD Rahayu di Surabaya ditinjau dari aspek keuangan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah rencana investasi yang dilakukan UD Rahayu memberikan keuntungan atau sebaliknya sehingga layak dijalankan atau tidak. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer (teknik wawancara dengan pihak yang dapat memberikan informasi untuk penelitian ini) dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari studi kepustakaan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Metode Analisis yang digunakan adalah kriteria kelayakan investasi yang terdiri dari Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Periode (PP) dan Profitability Index (PI) sebagai metode penilaian investasi dari aspek keuangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan PP selama 1,8 tahun, maka dinyatakan layak karena lebih cepat disbanding dengan target kembalinya investasi. NPV positif sebesar 300.281.359 dinyatakan layak karena hasilnya positif. PI 1,283 dinyatakan layak karena nilainya lebih dari 1. Dan IRR 15,932% dinyatakan layak karena lebih dari tingkat bunga yang disyaratkan. Maka rencana investasi UD Rahayu dinyatakan “LAYAK” dijalankan. Kata Kunci : Investasi, Kelayakan, Aktiva Tetap, Capital Budgetin

KUALITAS GURU SEKOLAH DASAR STUDI PERBANDINGAN ANTARA SUMATERA DENGAN JAWA (Analisis Data Survei Governance dan Desentralisasi 2 2006)

The quality of teachers lately has increasingly gained attention. In addition to its being the largest component of the education budget to absorb, as well as the quality is considered low. The low quality of education at this time was even called as a result of the poor quality of teachers. This study used data Governance and Decentralization Survey-2 in 2006 with the selection of the location in Java and Sumatra. The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality, sociodemographic characteristics and qualifications of primary school teachers as well as to analyze the factors that affect the quality of teachers in Sumatra and Java. Teacher quality is built of six components: creative teaching, teaching innovation, teaching preparation, use of tools and examples in teaching, teachers' attention to student absenteeism and teacher communication with parents. The analysis technique used is descriptive analysis and bivariate analysis using chi-square test (�2). Results of this study found that the quality of teachers in Sumatra and Java in general is still low, especially in terms of creativity and innovation of teaching, lack of teacher preparation that tends to repeat the lessons of yesteryear as well as the lack of communication with parents teachers built. Elementary teacher excellence in Sumatra and Java is in the use of tools and examples to facilitate students 'understanding of teaching materials and teachers' awareness of the absence of students in the class. The quality of primary school teachers in Java is generally better than in Sumatra, especially in terms of creativity and innovation of teaching and concern for student attendance. While elementary school teachers in Sumatra better in terms of allocation of time for teaching preparation. Human capital and social capital as an important capital improvement of the quality of teachers has not been fully utilized by the teacher. Low education and training accounts for the poor quality of teachers. While income and experience of teachers do not have a significant impact on the quality of teachers, especially elementary teachers in Sumatra. Social networks are institutionalized in the form of KKG are not utilized to improve quality. Poor adherence to the norms of teacher preparation teachers teach teaching resulted in low quality

Noradrenaline inhibits pacemaker currents through stimulation of β(1)-adrenoceptors in cultured interstitial cells of Cajal from murine small intestine

1. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are pacemaker cells that activate the periodic spontaneous inward currents (pacemaker currents) responsible for the production of slow waves in gastrointestinal smooth muscle. The effects of noradrenaline on the pacemaker currents in cultured ICCs from murine small intestine were investigated by using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques at 30°C. 2. Under current clamping, ICCs had a mean resting membrane potential of −58±5 mV and produced electrical slow waves. Under voltage clamping, ICCs produced pacemaker currents with a mean amplitude of −410±57 pA and a mean frequency of 16±2 cycles min(−1). 3. Under voltage clamping, noradrenaline inhibited the amplitude and frequency of pacemaker currents and increased resting currents in the outward direction in a dose-dependent manner. These effects were reduced by intracellular GDPβS. 4. Noradrenaline-induced effects were blocked by propranolol (β-adrenoceptor antagonist). However, neither prazosin (α(1)-adrenoceptor antagonist) nor yohimbine (α(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist) blocked the noradrenaline-induced effects. Phenylephrine (α(1)-adrenoceptor agonist) had no effect on the pacemaker currents, whereas isoprenaline (β-adrenoceptor agonist) mimicked the effect of noradrenaline. Atenolol (β(1)-adrenoceptor antagonist) blocked the noradrenaline-induced effects, but butoxamine (β(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist) did not. In addition, BRL37344 (β(3)-adrenoceptor agonist) had no effect on pacemaker currents. 5. 9-(Tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-9H-purine-6-amine (SQ-22536; adenylate cyclase inhibitor) and a myristoylated protein kinase A inhibitor did not inhibit the noradrenaline-induced effects and 8-bromo-cAMP had no effects on pacemaker currents. 8-Bromo-cGMP and SNAP inhibited pacemaker currents and these effects of SNAP were blocked by 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ; a guanylate cyclase inhibitor). However, ODQ did not block the noradrenaline-induced effects. 6. Neither tetraethylammonium (a voltage-dependent K(+) channel blocker), apamin (a Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) channel blocker) nor glibenclamide (an ATP-sensitive K(+) channel blocker) blocked the noradrenaline-induced effects. 7. The results suggest that noradrenaline-induced stimulation of β(1)-adrenoceptors in the ICCs inhibits pacemaker currents, and that this is mediated by the activation of G-protein. Neither adenylate cyclase, guanylate cyclase nor a K(+) channel-dependent pathway are involved in this effect of noradrenaline