Galaxy-lens determination of H0H_0: the effect of the ellipse+shear modeling assumption

Galaxy lenses are frequently modeled as an elliptical mass distribution with external shear and isothermal spheres to account for secondary and line-of-sight galaxies. There is statistical evidence that some fraction of observed quads are inconsistent with these assumptions, and require a dipole-like contribution to the mass with respect to the light. Simplifying assumptions about the shape of mass distributions can lead to the incorrect recovery of parameters such as $H_0$. We create several tests of synthetic quad populations with different deviations from an elliptical shape, then fit them with an ellipse+shear model, and measure the recovered values of $H_0$. Kinematic constraints are not included. We perform two types of fittings -- one with a single point source and one with an array of sources emulating an extended source. We carry out two model-free comparisons between our mock quads and the observed population. One result of these comparisons is a statistical inconsistency not yet mentioned in the literature: the image distance ratios with respect to the lens center of observed quads appear to span a much wider range than those of synthetic or simulated quads. Bearing this discrepancy in mind, our mock populations can result in biases on $H_0$ $\sim10\%$.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures; to be published in MNRA

Oxygen-covered tungsten crystal shape: time effects, equilibrium, surface energy and the edge-rounding temperature

The equilibrium crystal shape (ECS) of oxygen-covered tungsten micricrystal is studied as a function of temperature. The specially designed ultrafast crystal quenching setup with the cooling rate of 6000 K/s allows to draw conclusions about ECS at high temperatures. The edge-rounding transition is shown to occur between 1300 K and 1430 K. The ratio of surface free energies $\gamma(111)/\gamma(211)$ is determined as a function of temperature.Comment: 8 pages, 10 figures, submitted for publicatio

Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Dictyostelium discoideum Aggregation Streams

High resolution imaging mass spectrometry could become a valuable tool for cell and developmental biology, but both, high spatial and mass spectral resolution are needed to enable this. In this report, we employed Bi3 bombardment time-of-flight (Bi3 ToF-SIMS) and C60 bombardment Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance secondary ion mass spectrometry (C60 FTICR-SIMS) to image Dictyostelium discoideum aggregation streams. Nearly 300 lipid species were identified from the aggregation streams. High resolution mass spectrometry imaging (FTICR-SIMS) enabled the generation of multiple molecular ion maps at the nominal mass level and provided good coverage for fatty acyls, prenol lipids, and sterol lipids. The comparison of Bi3 ToF-SIMS and C60 FTICR-SIMS suggested that while the first provides fast, high spatial resolution molecular ion images, the chemical complexity of biological samples warrants the use of high resolution analyzers for accurate ion identification

Selective accumulation of ALA-induced PpIX and photodynamic effect in chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma

浜松医科大学学位論文　医博論第397号(平成１７年３月１０日

Psychological interventions for coronary heart disease

A meta-analysis was conducted on 35 trials involving 10,703 individuals who had experienced a myocardial infarction and were randomised to an intervention involving some form of psychological therapy. Ten of these studies involved individuals with confirmed psychiatric diagnoses. Moderate quality evidence found no reduction of risk for total mortality or revascularisation procedures in comparison to usual care. Low quality evidence found no risk reduction for non-fatal MI although there was a 21% reduction in cardiac mortality. There was also some evidence of benefit on measures of psychological morbidity including anxiety, depression, and stress. It is concluded that psychological interventions may reduce cardiac mortality, although stronger evidence is required before this can be definitively concluded. It is also not clear who benefits most from psychological interventions