Silent dissemination of HTLV-1 in an endemic area of Argentina. Epidemiological and molecular evidence of intrafamilial transmission

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2017-07-18T13:04:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 anacarolina_vicente_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 865469 bytes, checksum: 9807da08afb62e9bdd5e68f2e19c4cfe (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2017-07-18T13:18:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 anacarolina_vicente_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 865469 bytes, checksum: 9807da08afb62e9bdd5e68f2e19c4cfe (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-18T13:18:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 anacarolina_vicente_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 865469 bytes, checksum: 9807da08afb62e9bdd5e68f2e19c4cfe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Mèdicas. Instituto de Virologia "Dr. J. M. Vanella". Córdba, Argentina.Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Mèdicas. Instituto de Virologia "Dr. J. M. Vanella". Córdba, Argentina.Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Mèdicas. Instituto de Virologia "Dr. J. M. Vanella". Córdba, Argentina.Hospital San Roque. Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciones. San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina.Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Mèdicas. Instituto de Virologia "Dr. J. M. Vanella". Córdba, Argentina.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Genética Molecular de Microorganismos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Genética Molecular de Microorganismos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Matemática. Córdoba, Argentina.Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Matemática. Córdoba, Argentina.Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Mèdicas. Instituto de Virologia "Dr. J. M. Vanella". Córdba, Argentina.Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Mèdicas. Instituto de Virologia "Dr. J. M. Vanella". Córdba, Argentina.Molecular and epidemiological studies of transmission routes and risk factors for infection by HTLV-1 are extremely important in order to implement control measures, especially because of the high prevalence of HTLV-1 in several regions of the world. San Salvador de Jujuy, Northwest Argentina, is a highly endemic area for HTLV-1 and foci of tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1-associated myelopathy

Silent dissemination of HTLV-1 in an endemic area of Argentina. Epidemiological and molecular evidence of intrafamilial transmission

Molecular and epidemiological studies of transmission routes and risk factors for infection by HTLV-1 are extremely important in order to implement control measures, especially because of the high prevalence of HTLV-1 in several regions of the world. San Salvador de Jujuy, Northwest Argentina, is a highly endemic area for HTLV-1 and foci of tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1-associated myelopathy.To gain further insight into the role of intrafamilial transmission of HTLV-1 in a highly endemic region in Argentina.Cross-sectional study in Northwest Argentina. Epidemiological data and blood samples were collected from 28 HTLV-1 infected subjects (index cases) and 92 close relatives/cohabitants. HTLV-1 infection was diagnosed by detection of antibodies and proviral DNA. The LTR region was sequenced and analyzed for genetic distances (VESPA software), in addition to determination and identification of polymorphisms to define HTLV-1 family signatures.Fifty seven of the 120 subjects enrolled had antibodies against HTLV-1 and were typified as HTLV-1 by PCR. The prevalence rate of HTLV-1 infection in family members of infected index cases was 31.52% (29/92). The infection was significantly associated with gender, age and prolonged lactation. Identity of LTR sequences and presence of polymorphisms revealed high prevalence of mother-to-child and interspousal transmission of HTLV-1 among these families.There is an ongoing and silent transmission of HTLV-1 through vertical and sexual routes within family clusters in Northwest Argentina. This evidence highlights that HTLV-1 infection should be considered as a matter of public health in Argentina, in order to introduce preventive measures as prenatal screening and breastfeeding control

Variables associated with HTLV-1 infection among families in the endemic area of Argentina.

<p>Variables associated with HTLV-1 infection among families in the endemic area of Argentina.</p

Frequency of HTLV-1 infection in mother-offspring and spouse-spouse pairs in the endemic area of Argentina.

<p>Frequency of HTLV-1 infection in mother-offspring and spouse-spouse pairs in the endemic area of Argentina.</p

Family tree of index cases infected with HTLV-1.

<p>Family tree of index cases infected with HTLV-1.</p

Common familiar polymorphisms on 552 nucleotides of LTR sequence from family isolates of Jujuy, considering J02029 as reference strain.

<p>Common familiar polymorphisms on 552 nucleotides of LTR sequence from family isolates of Jujuy, considering J02029 as reference strain.</p

The Hot and Energetic Universe: A White Paper presenting the science theme motivating the Athena+ mission

This White Paper, submitted to the recent ESA call for science themes to define its future large missions, advocates the need for a transformational leap in our understanding of two key questions in astrophysics: 1) How does ordinary matter assemble into the large scale structures that we see today? 2) How do black holes grow and shape the Universe? Hot gas in clusters, groups and the intergalactic medium dominates the baryonic content of the local Universe. To understand the astrophysical processes responsible for the formation and assembly of these large structures, it is necessary to measure their physical properties and evolution. This requires spatially resolved X-ray spectroscopy with a factor 10 increase in both telescope throughput and spatial resolving power compared to currently planned facilities. Feedback from supermassive black holes is an essential ingredient in this process and in most galaxy evolution models, but it is not well understood. X-ray observations can uniquely reveal the mechanisms launching winds close to black holes and determine the coupling of the energy and matter flows on larger scales. Due to the effects of feedback, a complete understanding of galaxy evolution requires knowledge of the obscured growth of supermassive black holes through cosmic time, out to the redshifts where the first galaxies form. X-ray emission is the most reliable way to reveal accreting black holes, but deep survey speed must improve by a factor ~100 over current facilities to perform a full census into the early Universe. The Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics (Athena+) mission provides the necessary performance (e.g. angular resolution, spectral resolution, survey grasp) to address these questions and revolutionize our understanding of the Hot and Energetic Universe. These capabilities will also provide a powerful observatory to be used in all areas of astrophysics

The Hot and Energetic Universe: A White Paper presenting the science theme motivating the Athena+ mission

This White Paper, submitted to the recent ESA call for science themes to define its future large missions, advocates the need for a transformational leap in our understanding of two key questions in astrophysics: 1) How does ordinary matter assemble into the large scale structures that we see today? 2) How do black holes grow and shape the Universe? Hot gas in clusters, groups and the intergalactic medium dominates the baryonic content of the local Universe. To understand the astrophysical processes responsible for the formation and assembly of these large structures, it is necessary to measure their physical properties and evolution. This requires spatially resolved X-ray spectroscopy with a factor 10 increase in both telescope throughput and spatial resolving power compared to currently planned facilities. Feedback from supermassive black holes is an essential ingredient in this process and in most galaxy evolution models, but it is not well understood. X-ray observations can uniquely reveal the mechanisms launching winds close to black holes and determine the coupling of the energy and matter flows on larger scales. Due to the effects of feedback, a complete understanding of galaxy evolution requires knowledge of the obscured growth of supermassive black holes through cosmic time, out to the redshifts where the first galaxies form. X-ray emission is the most reliable way to reveal accreting black holes, but deep survey speed must improve by a factor ~100 over current facilities to perform a full census into the early Universe. The Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics (Athena+) mission provides the necessary performance (e.g. angular resolution, spectral resolution, survey grasp) to address these questions and revolutionize our understanding of the Hot and Energetic Universe. These capabilities will also provide a powerful observatory to be used in all areas of astrophysics