El ocio digital: un recurso para la interacción educativa durante la pandemia (Original)

The remote education implemented in Ecuador for educational continuity during the pandemic, has generated changes in the methodology and resources used for teaching. The objective of this article is to find out if the digital leisure activities carried out by students during the pandemic generated a bridge for educational interaction. The research is qualitative descriptive with a transectional design. The sample is non-probabilistic for convenience; To collect the information, structured interviews were applied to 18 third-year high school students from three educational institutions in the city of Quito. Through the results obtained, it was possible to determine that the development of digital leisure during the pandemic allowed contact between classmates in the same course, where they could express feelings, emotions and participate in synchronous and asynchronous social encounters; but they were also able to share academic information and collaborate in the development of different school tasks, allowing an alternative connection of educational interaction.La educación remota implementada en el Ecuador para la continuidad educativa durante la pandemia, ha generado cambios en la metodología y los recursos utilizados para la enseñanza. El objetivo de este artículo es conocer si las actividades de ocio digital realizado por los estudiantes durante la pandemia generaron un puente de interacción educativa. La investigación es cualitativa descriptiva con diseño transeccional. La muestra es de tipo no probabilística por conveniencia; para la recolección de la información se aplicó entrevistas estructuradas a 18 estudiantes de tercero de bachillerato pertenecientes a tres instituciones educativas de la ciudad de Quito. Mediante los resultados obtenidos se pudo determinar que el desarrollo del ocio digital durante la pandemia permitió el contacto entre compañeros de un mismo curso, donde pudieron expresar sentimientos, emociones y participar en encuentros sociales sincrónicos y asincrónicos; pero también pudieron compartir información académica y colaborar en el desarrollo de diferentes tareas escolares, permitiendo una conexión alternativa de interacción educativa

Mechanism of sulfur transfer across protein-protein interfaces: The cysteine desulfurase model system

CsdA cysteine desulfurase (the sulfur donor) and the CsdE sulfur acceptor are involved in biological sulfur trafficking and in iron-sulfur cluster assembly in the model bacterium Escherichia coli. CsdA and CsdE form a stable complex through a polar interface that includes CsdA Cys328 and CsdE Cys61, the two residues known to be involved in the sulfur transfer reaction. Although mechanisms for the transfer of a sulfur moiety across protein-protein interfaces have been proposed based on the IscS-IscU and IscS-TusA structures, the flexibility of the catalytic cysteine loops involved has precluded a high resolution view of the active-site geometry and chemical environment for sulfur transfer. Here, we have used a combination of X-ray crystallography, solution NMR and SAXS, isothermal calorimetry, and computational chemistry methods to unravel how CsdA provides a specific recognition platform for CsdE and how their complex organizes a composite functional reaction environment. The X-ray structures of persulfurated (CsdA) and persulfurated (CsdA-CsdE) complexes reveal the crucial roles of the conserved active-site cysteine loop and additional catalytic residues in supporting the transpersulfuration reaction. A mechanistic view of sulfur transfer across protein-protein interfaces that underpins the requirement for the conserved cysteine loop to provide electrostatic stabilization for the in-transfer sulfur atom emerges from the analysis of the persulfurated (CsdA-CsdE) complex structure.BFU2008-02372/BMC, CSD 2006-23, and BFU2011-22588 to M.C., CTQ2012-36253-C03-03 and CTQ2015-66223-C2 to I.T., CTQ2015-64597-C2-1-P to J.J.B., and BFU2010-22266- C02-02 and CTQ2015-66206-C2-2-R to M.C.V. Further support for this work was obtained from the Generalitat Valenciana (ACOMP/2015/239 to I.T.) and from the European Commission FP7 ComplexINC grant (contract no. 279039) to M.C.V.Peer Reviewe

The mechanism of the transpersulfuration reaction in a cysteine desulfurase-sulfur acceptor model system

Trabajo presentado en las 1as Jornadas Españolas de Biocatálisis, celebradas en Madrid (España) del 02 al 03 de julio de 2015.Escherichia coli CsdA cysteine desulfurase (the sulfur donor) and the CsdE sulfur acceptor are involved in biological sulfur trafficking, in iron-sulfur cluster assembly, and tRNA hypermodification [1] in the model bacterium Escherichia coli. CsdA and CsdE form a stable complex through a polar interface. Although mechanisms for the transfer of a sulfur moiety across protein-protein interfaces have been proposed based on the IscS-IscU and IscS-TusA structures [2,3], the flexibility of the catalytic Cys loops involved has precluded a high resolution view of the active-site geometry and chemical environment responsible to facilitate sulfur transfer. Here, we have used a combination of X-ray crystallography, solution NMR, biophysical and computational chemistry methods to unravel how CsdA provides a specific recognition platform for CsdE and how their complex organizes a composite functional reaction environment. A mechanistic view of sulfur transfer across protein-protein interfaces emerges from the structural analysis of the CSD system

Abundance and Characteristics of Microplastics in Commercially sold fishes from Cebu Island, Philippines

This study documents microplastics (MPs) in the top three commercially sold fishes viz. Auxis rochei, Rastrelliger kanagurta and Chanos chanos in major public markets of Cebu Island, Philippines. MPs were found in the gastrointestinal tracts (FGIT) and quantified and characterized according to size, type, and color. In general, nine (97.3%) of 81 FGIT samples contained 635 total pieces of MPs with size ranging 0.01 to 0.50 and 1.00 to 2.00 mm. Transparent microfibers (91%) were the most predominant MPs, with blue (48%) as the most common MP color observed, followed by red (39%), black (8%) and white (5%). Chanos chanos proved to be the most susceptible fish to MP ingestion with a mean average of 11.6 pieces per individual fish, followed by A. rochei with 6.6 pieces, and R. kanagurta with 5.3 pieces. The results indicated that MPs were ubiquitous and high in commercially sold fishes in major public wet markets of Cebu Island, Philippines. The ingestion of fishes is of primary concern as a route of human exposure to MPs because they filter a large volume of seawater and are typically eaten whole without gut removal. Further study is needed on the potential consequences of MPs to aquatic populations to assess comprehensive exposure integrating multiple sources and routes.

The mediterranean sea we want

open58siThis paper presents major gaps and challenges for implementing the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030) in the Mediterranean region. The authors make recommendations on the scientific knowledge needs and co-design actions identified during two consultations, part of the Decade preparatory-phase, framing them in the Mediterranean Sea’s unique environmental and socio-economic perspectives. According to the ‘Mediterranean State of the Environment and Development Report 2020’ by the United Nations Environment Programme Mediterranean Action Plan and despite notable progress, the Mediterranean region is not on track to achieve and fully implement the Sustainable Development Goals of Agenda 2030. Key factors are the cumulative effect of multiple human-induced pressures that threaten the ecosystem resources and services in the global change scenario. The basin, identified as a climate change vulnerability hotspot, is exposed to pollution and rising impacts of climate change. This affects mainly the coastal zones, at increasing risk of extreme events and their negative effects of unsustainable management of key economic assets. Transitioning to a sustainable blue economy is the key for the marine environment’s health and the nourishment of future generations. This challenging context, offering the opportunity of enhancing the knowledge to define science-based measures as well as narrowing the gaps between the Northen and Southern shores, calls for a joint (re)action. The paper reviews the state of the art of Mediterranean Sea science knowledge, sets of trends, capacity development needs, specific challenges, and recommendations for each Decade’s societal outcome. In the conclusions, the proposal for a Mediterranean regional programme in the framework of the Ocean Decade is addressed. The core objective relies on integrating and improving the existing ocean-knowledge, Ocean Literacy, and ocean observing capacities building on international cooperation to reach the “Mediterranean Sea that we want”.openCappelletto M.; Santoleri R.; Evangelista L.; Galgani F.; Garces E.; Giorgetti A.; Fava F.; Herut B.; Hilmi K.; Kholeif S.; Lorito S.; Sammari C.; Lianos M.C.; Celussi M.; D'alelio D.; Francocci F.; Giorgi G.; Canu D.M.; Organelli E.; Pomaro A.; Sannino G.; Segou M.; Simoncelli S.; Babeyko A.; Barbanti A.; Chang-Seng D.; Cardin V.; Casotti R.; Drago A.; Asmi S.E.; Eparkhina D.; Fichaut M.; Hema T.; Procaccini G.; Santoro F.; Scoullos M.; Solidoro C.; Trincardi F.; Tunesi L.; Umgiesser G.; Zingone A.; Ballerini T.; Chaffai A.; Coppini G.; Gruber S.; Knezevic J.; Leone G.; Penca J.; Pinardi N.; Petihakis G.; Rio M.-H.; Said M.; Siokouros Z.; Srour A.; Snoussi M.; Tintore J.; Vassilopoulou V.; Zavatarelli M.Cappelletto M.; Santoleri R.; Evangelista L.; Galgani F.; Garces E.; Giorgetti A.; Fava F.; Herut B.; Hilmi K.; Kholeif S.; Lorito S.; Sammari C.; Lianos M.C.; Celussi M.; D'alelio D.; Francocci F.; Giorgi G.; Canu D.M.; Organelli E.; Pomaro A.; Sannino G.; Segou M.; Simoncelli S.; Babeyko A.; Barbanti A.; Chang-Seng D.; Cardin V.; Casotti R.; Drago A.; Asmi S.E.; Eparkhina D.; Fichaut M.; Hema T.; Procaccini G.; Santoro F.; Scoullos M.; Solidoro C.; Trincardi F.; Tunesi L.; Umgiesser G.; Zingone A.; Ballerini T.; Chaffai A.; Coppini G.; Gruber S.; Knezevic J.; Leone G.; Penca J.; Pinardi N.; Petihakis G.; Rio M.-H.; Said M.; Siokouros Z.; Srour A.; Snoussi M.; Tintore J.; Vassilopoulou V.; Zavatarelli M

Birth weight and blood lipid levels in Spanish adolescents: Influence of selected APOE, APOC3 and PPARgamma2 gene polymorphisms. The AVENA Study

Background There is increasing evidence indicating that genes involved in certain metabolic processes of cardiovascular diseases may be of particular influence in people with low body weight at birth. We examined whether the apolipoprotein (APO) E, APOC3 and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ-2 (PPARγ2) polymorphisms influence the association between low birth weight and blood lipid levels in healthy adolescents aged 13–18.5 years. Methods A cross-sectional study of 502 Spanish adolescents born at term was conducted. Total (TC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein (apo) A and B, and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] were measured. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), TC-HDLc, TC/HDLc and apoB/apoA were calculated. Results Low birth weight was associated with higher levels of TC, LDLc, apoB, Lp(a), TC-HDLc, TC/HDLc and apoB/apoA in males with the APOE ε3ε4 genotype, whereas in females, it was associated with lower HDLc and higher TG levels. In males with the APOC3 S1/S2 genotype, low birth weight was associated with lower apoA and higher Lp(a), yet this association was not observed in females. There were no associations between low birth weight and blood lipids in any of the PPARγ2 genotypes. Conclusion The results indicate that low birth weight has a deleterious influence on lipid profile particularly in adolescents with the APOE ε3/ε4 genotype. These findings suggest that intrauterine environment interact with the genetic background affecting the lipid profile in later life.The AVENA study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Health Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FIS PI021830), the Spanish Ministry of Health, FEDER-FSE funds FIS n° 00/0015, CSD grants 05/UPB32/0, 109/UPB31/03 and 13/UPB20/04, the Spanish Ministry of Education (AP-2004-2745; EX-2007-1124), scholarships from Panrico S.A., Madaus S.A. and Procter and Gamble S.A

Data from: The potential for arms race and Red Queen coevolution in a protist host-parasite system

The dynamics and consequences of host–parasite coevolution depend on the nature of host genotype-by-parasite genotype interactions (G × G) for host and parasite fitness. G × G with crossing reaction norms can yield cyclic dynamics of allele frequencies (“Red Queen” dynamics) while G × G where the variance among host genotypes differs between parasite genotypes results in selective sweeps (“arms race” dynamics). Here, we investigate the relative potential for arms race and Red Queen coevolution in a protist host–parasite system, the dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum and its parasite Parvilucifera sinerae. We challenged nine different clones of A. minutum with 10 clones of P. sinerae in a fully factorial design and measured infection success and host and parasite fitness. Each host genotype was successfully infected by four to ten of the parasite genotypes. There were strong G × Gs for infection success, as well as both host and parasite fitness. About three quarters of the G × G variance components for host and parasite fitness were due to crossing reaction norms. There were no general costs of resistance or infectivity. We conclude that there is high potential for Red Queen dynamics in this host–parasite system

Insights into the inhibited form of the redox-sensitive SufE-like sulfur acceptor CsdE

17 p.-8 fig.Sulfur trafficking in living organisms relies on transpersulfuration reactions consisting in the enzyme-catalyzed transfer of S atoms via activated persulfidic S across protein-protein interfaces. The recent elucidation of the mechanistic basis for transpersulfuration in the CsdA-CsdE model system has paved the way for a better understanding of its role under oxidative stress. Herein we present the crystal structure of the oxidized, inactivated CsdE dimer at 2.4 Å resolution. The structure sheds light into the activation of the Cys61 nucleophile on its way from a solvent-secluded position in free CsdE to a fully extended conformation in the persulfurated CsdA-CsdE complex. Molecular dynamics simulations of available CsdE structures allow to delineate the sequence of conformational changes underwent by CsdE and to pinpoint the key role played by the deprotonation of the Cys61 thiol. The low-energy subunit orientation in the disulfide-bridged CsdE dimer demonstrates the likely physiologic relevance of this oxidative dead-end form of CsdE, suggesting that CsdE could act as a redox sensor in vivo.This work was supported by Spanish Instituto de Salud Carlos III (http://www.isciii.es) (PI12/01667 to MCV), Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (http://www.mineco.gob.es/portal/site/mineco/) (PET2008_0101, BIO2009-11184, BFU2010- 22260-C02-02, and CTQ2015-66206-C2-2-R to MCV, and CTQ2015-66223-C2-2-P to IT), the Regional Government of Madrid (http://www.madrid.org/) (S2010/BD-2316 to MCV), and the European Commission (Framework Programme 7 (FP7)) (https://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/index_en.cfm) project ComplexINC (Contract No. 279039) to MCV.Peer reviewe

Raberg_data

File contains raw data with densities of dinoflagellates and sporozoites over time (day 2-16) for each flask