BaFe1−xCuxO3 Perovskites as Active Phase for Diesel (DPF) and Gasoline Particle Filters (GPF)

BaFe1−xCuxO3 perovskites (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.4) have been synthetized, characterized and tested for soot oxidation in both Diesel and Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) exhaust conditions. The catalysts have been characterized by BET, ICP-OES, SEM-EDX, XRD, XPS, H2-TPR and O2-TPD and the results indicate the incorporation of copper in the perovskite lattice which leads to: (i) the deformation of the initial hexagonal perovskite structure for the catalyst with the lowest copper content (BFC1), (ii) the modification to cubic from hexagonal structure for the high copper content catalysts (BFC3 and BFC4), (iii) the creation of a minority segregated phase, BaOx-CuOx, in the highest copper content catalyst (BFC4), (iv) the rise in the quantity of oxygen vacancies/defects for the catalysts BFC3 and BFC4, and (v) the reduction in the amount of O2 released in the course of the O2-TPD tests as the copper content increases. The BaFe1−xCuxO3 perovskites catalyze both the NO2-assisted diesel soot oxidation (500 ppm NO, 5% O2) and, to a lesser extent, the soot oxidation under fuel cuts GDI operation conditions (1% O2). BFC0 is the most active catalysts as the activity seems to be mainly related with the amount of O2 evolved during an. O2-TPD, which decreases with copper content

Disruption of gut integrity and permeability contributes to enteritis in a fish‑parasite model: a story told from serum metabolomics

Background In the animal production sector, enteritis is responsible for serious economic losses, and intestinal parasitism is a major stress factor leading to malnutrition and lowered performance and animal production efficiency. The effect of enteric parasites on the gut function of teleost fish, which represent the most ancient bony vertebrates, is far from being understood. The intestinal myxozoan parasite Enteromyxum leei dwells between gut epithelial cells and causes severe enteritis in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), anorexia, cachexia, growth impairment, reduced marketability and increased mortality. Methods This study aimed to outline the gut failure in this fish-parasite model using a multifaceted approach and to find and validate non-lethal serum markers of gut barrier dysfunction. Intestinal integrity was studied in parasitized and non-parasitized fish by immunohistochemistry with specific markers for cellular adhesion (E-cadherin) and tight junctions (Tjp1 and Cldn3) and by functional studies of permeability (oral administration of FITC-dextran) and electrophysiology (Ussing chambers). Serum samples from parasitized and non-parasitized fish were analyzed using non-targeted metabolomics and some significantly altered metabolites were selected to be validated using commercial kits. Results The immunodetection of Tjp1 and Cldn3 was significantly lower in the intestine of parasitized fish, while no strong differences were found in E-cadherin. Parasitized fish showed a significant increase in paracellular uptake measured by FITC-dextran detection in serum. Electrophysiology showed a decrease in transepithelial resistance in infected animals, which showed a diarrheic profile. Serum metabolomics revealed 3702 ions, from which the differential expression of 20 identified compounds significantly separated control from infected groups in multivariate analyses. Of these compounds, serum inosine (decreased) and creatine (increased) were identified as relevant and validated with commercial kits. Conclusions The results demonstrate the disruption of tight junctions and the loss of gut barrier function, a metabolomic profile of absorption dysfunction and anorexia, which further outline the pathophysiological effects of E. leei

Plastia y alargamiento de tendón rotuliano mediante alambre puente en rótula y cosecha autóloga de semitendinoso y gracilis. Reporte de caso clínico. Hospital policía no.2 de Guayaquil, febrero 2018

Las lesiones del tendón rotuliano son casos  poco frecuentes que suceden en su mayoría por lesiones traumáticas graves muchas veces apoyadas por factores concomitantes. Debido a ello, los resultados funcionales dependen de la calidad y la técnica  de intervención quirúrgica. Sin embargo, no se puede anticipar la evolución de los elementos anatómicos comprometidos, pero sí dar un control posoperatorio correcto. Se presenta un paciente masculino de 35 años sin antecedentes mórbidos, evaluado ambulatoriamente con rodilla  derecha en extensión 180º y flexión 0º como secuela postraumática e iatrogénica, con atrofia del cuádriceps femoral y dificultad para la marcha. Estudios imagenológicos evidenciaron hemiprótesis patello femoral, alambre rótula tibia, puente exostósico tibio rotuliano, tres alambres circulares en tubérculo anterior de la tibia. Se  diagnostica anquilosis postraumática de rodilla derecha. Se planifica técnica de Kelikian modificada (injerto autólogo de rodilla opuesta más cosecha de Gracillis y cerclaje de alambre transpatellar). A las 3 semanas del postoperatorio, se evidencia  45º de flexión y 180º de extensión en rodilla derecha. Se concluye que la técnica de Kelikian modificada es una alternativa quirúrgica óptima en pacientes con anquilosis postraumática de rodilla

Serum metabolomics tells the story of disease degree in a fish enteritis model

Comunicación presentada en la 19th International Conference on Diseases of Fish and Shellfish, celebrada en Oporto (Portugal) del 9 al 12 de septiembre de 2019.[Introduction]: In animal production, enteritis is responsible for serious economic losses, being intestinal parasitism a major stress factor leading to malnutrition and lowered performance and production efficiency. The intestinal myxozoan parasite Enteromyxum leei dwells between gut epithelial cells and causes severe desquamative enteritis in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) that impairs nutrient absorption causing anorexia, cachexia, growth impairment, reduced marketability and increased mortality. This study aimed to outline the gut failure produced in this fish-parasite model using a multifaceted approach and to find and validate serum non-lethal markers of gut barrier dysfunction.[Methodology]: Intestinal integrity was studied in parasitized and non-parasitized fish by immunohistochemistry with specific markers for cellular adhesion (E-cadherin) and tight junctions (Tjp-1 and Cldn3) and by functional studies of permeability (oral administration of FITC-dextran) and electrophysiology (Ussing chambers). Serum samples from parasitized and non-parasitized fish were analyzed using non-targeted metabolomics and some significantly altered metabolites were selected to be validated using commercial kits.[Results]: The expression of the tight junction proteins Tjp-1 and Cldn3 was significantly lower in parasitized fish along all the intestine, while no differences were found in E-cadherin labeling. Some parasitized fish showed a significant increase in paracellular uptake measured by FITC-dextran detection in serum. Electrophysiology studies showed a decrease in transepithelial resistance in infected animals, which showed a diarrheic profile when compared to the normal absorptive profile of the control animals. Serum metabolomics revealed 3702 ions, from which the differential expression of 20 identified compounds significantly separated control from infected groups in multivariate analyses (PLS-DA), and even separated groups by intensity of infection. Of these compounds, inosine and creatine were identified as relevant and tested with commercial kits in serum samples.[Conclusion]: This study demonstrates the loss of barrier function induced by the enteric parasite E. leei and underlines key markers to differentiate control and infected fish. The untargeted serum metabolomics approach did not reveal specific effects by the parasite, but more a profile typical of absorption dysfunction and anorexia, which are, of course, part of the disease signs.Funding: ParaFishControl H2020 project (634429), Aquaexcel2020 (652831, TNA AE10004-INTEBREAM), AGL2013-48560-R

BaFe1-xCuxO3 Perovskites as Active Phase for Diesel (DPF) and Gasoline Particle Filters (GPF)

BaFe1-xCuxO3 perovskites (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.4) have been synthetized, characterized and tested for soot oxidation in both Diesel and Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) exhaust conditions. The catalysts have been characterized by BET, ICP-OES, SEM-EDX, XRD, XPS, H2-TPR and O2-TPD and the results indicate the incorporation of copper in the perovskite lattice which leads to: i) the deformation of the initial hexagonal perovskite structure for the catalyst with the lowest copper content (BFC1), ii) the modification to cubic from hexagonal structure for the high copper content catalysts (BFC3 and BFC4), iii) the creation of a minority segregated phase, BaOx-CuOx, in the highest copper content catalyst (BFC4), iv) the rise in the quantity of oxygen vacancies/defects for the catalysts BFC3 and BFC4, and v) the reduction in the amount of O2 released in the course of the O2-TPD tests as the copper content increases. The BaFe1-xCuxO3 perovskites catalyze both the NO2-assisted diesel soot oxidation (500 ppm NO, 5% O2) and, to a lesser extent, the soot oxidation under fuel cuts GDI operation conditions (1% O2). BFC0 is the most active catalysts as the activity seems to be mainly related with the amount of O2 evolved during an. O2-TPD, which decreases with copper content.This research was funded by the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2018/076 and Ph.D. Grant ACIF/2017/221 for V.Torregrosa-Rivero), Spanish Government (MINECO Project CTQ2015-64801-R), and EU (FEDER Founding)

Anisakid Nematodes and Potential Risk of Human Anisakiasis through the Consumption of Hake, Merluccius spp., Sold Fresh in Spanish Supermarkets

Nematode parasite species belonging to the Anisakis simplex complex are the most important cause of human anisakiasis through the consumption of (mainly) undercooked, previously not frozen, or conveniently treated fish. In Spain, the consumption of hake has been recognized as an important source of this parasitosis. With the aim of shedding light on the risk factors that can influence the potential risk of human anisakiasis in Spain through the consumption of fresh hake sold by nationwide supermarket chains, a total of 536 small hake specimens belonging to the species Merluccius bilinearis caught off the Northeast American coasts and Merluccius merluccius caught in the Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean waters was analysed. Anisakids morphologically identified as Anisakis type I were found as the most prevalent and the most abundant species and were considered the main potential cause of human anisakiasis. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors concerning the hake, such as its origin and season of capture, its size, as well as the days passed between its capture and consumption, should be taken into account to avoid this human parasitosis. It is essential that consumers have access to fish label information which should include, as regulated by the European Commission, traceability data

31 visiones actuales de la transparencia

Treinta y una aportaciones de autores nacionales y extranjeros sobre la transparencia de las instituciones públicas y de los sujetos obligados por la Ley 19/2013 de 9 de diciembre y el derecho de acceso a la información pública

Effects of hormonal treatment, maxilofacial surgery-orthodontics, traumatism, and malformation on fluctuating asymmetry

ABSTRACT: In this work we test for the putative association between facial fluctuating asymmetry (FFA) and hormone treatments, maxillofacial surgery, orthodontics, injuries, and malformations. A protocol of five photographs and photogrammetric reconstruction was implemented to place thirty-four 3D landmarks in 3162 individuals aged between 18 and 85 years, belonging to the CANDELA initiative. A Procrustes ANOVA test was used to obtain individual facial fluctuating asymmetry scores. One way ANOVA, Welch, and Levene tests were conducted to explore the potential differences between mean and variance of the response variables. Our results indicate that women who received some hormonal treatment showed higher fluctuating facial asymmetry scores in relation to the unaffected group, this being persistent once the effects of heterozygosity (genetic ancestry) and further variables had been statistically controlled. The shape changes corresponding to this association are focused on the chin, jaw, lower lip, prefrontal region, nose, and ears. Previous reports suggested a potential relationship between facial asymmetry and hormone levels, but to the best of our knowledge there are no reports indicating the causation underlying the association detected here. This report is one more evidence of the association between hormone intake and facial asymmetric features in urban admixed Latin American populations.RESUMEN: En este trabajo se evalúa la relación entre la asimetría fluctuante facial (AFF) y los tratamientos hormonales, cirugías maxilofaciales, ortodoncia, traumatismos y malformaciones. En el marco del proyecto CANDELA, se tomaron cinco fotografías faciales de 3162 voluntarios entre los 18 y 85 años. Por fotogrametría se colocaron 34 landmarks o puntos en 3D y mediante el método Procrustes ANOVA se obtuvieron valores individuales de asimetría fluctuante facial. Se realizó una prueba de ANOVA de una vía y la prueba de Welch y Levene para conocer las diferencias entre media y varianza de los valores de asimetría facial y las variables respuesta. También, se caracterizó la variación morfológica del componente asimétrico de la forma facial mediante técnicas multivariadas sobre los grupos que resultaran diferentes significativamente. Las mujeres que reportaron haber recibido algún tipo de tratamiento hormonal mostraron mayores valores de asimetría fluctuante facial respecto al grupo sin tratamiento. Esta asociación se mantuvo una vez removido el efecto de la heterocigosidad (como indicador de la ancestría) y sin interactuar con el resto de covariables incluidas en el análisis. Los cambios morfológicos asociados a este factor se concentran en el mentón, maxilar labio inferior, región perifrontal, región nasal y orejas. Algunos trabajos anteriores dieron cuenta de la posible relación entre la asimetría facial y los niveles de hormonas, pero no hay estudios que sustenten la relación causal o directa entre la asociación aquí planteada. El presente trabajo es una evidencia más de la asociación entre el consumo de hormonas y modificaciones de caracteres faciales en poblaciones urbanas mestizas latinoamericanas

Fully automatic landmarking of 2D photographs identifies novel genetic loci influencing facial features

We report a genome-wide association study for facial features in > 6,000 Latin Americans. We placed 106 landmarks on 2D frontal photographs using the cloud service platform Face++. After Procrustes superposition, genome-wide association testing was performed for 301 inter-landmark distances. We detected nominally significant association (P-value < 5×10− 8) for 42 genome regions. Of these, 9 regions have been previously reported in GWAS of facial features. In follow-up analyses, we replicated 26 of the 33 novel regions (in East Asians or Europeans). The replicated regions include 1q32.3, 3q21.1, 8p11.21, 10p11.1, and 22q12.1, all comprising strong candidate genes involved in craniofacial development. Furthermore, the 1q32.3 region shows evidence of introgression from archaic humans. These results provide novel biological insights into facial variation and establish that automatic landmarking of standard 2D photographs is a simple and informative approach for the genetic analysis of facial variation, suitable for the rapid analysis of large population samples.- Introduction - Results And Discussion -- Study sample and phenotyping -- Trait/covariate correlation and heritability -- Overview of GWAS results and integration with the literature -- Follow-up of genomic regions newly associated with facial features: Replication in two human cohorts -- Follow-up of genomic regions newly associated with facial features: effects in the mouse -- Genome annotations at associated loci - Conclusion - Methods -- Study subjects -- Genotype data -- Phenotyping -- Statistical genetic analysis -- Interaction of EDAR with other genes -- Expression analysis for significant SNPs -- Detection of archaic introgression near ATF3 and association with facial features -- Annotation of SNPs in FUMA -- Shape GWAS in outbred mic

Socioeconomic Status Is Not Related with Facial Fluctuating Asymmetry: Evidence from Latin-American Populations

The expression of facial asymmetries has been recurrently related with poverty and/or disadvantaged socioeconomic status. Departing from the developmental instability theory, previous approaches attempted to test the statistical relationship between the stress experienced by individuals grown in poor conditions and an increase in facial and corporal asymmetry. Here we aim to further evaluate such hypothesis on a large sample of admixed Latin Americans individuals by exploring if low socioeconomic status individuals tend to exhibit greater facial fluctuating asymmetry values. To do so, we implement Procrustes analysis of variance and Hierarchical Linear Modelling (HLM) to estimate potential associations between facial fluctuating asymmetry values and socioeconomic status. We report significant relationships between facial fluctuating asymmetry values and age, sex, and genetic ancestry, while socioeconomic status failed to exhibit any strong statistical relationship with facial asymmetry. These results are persistent after the effect of heterozygosity (a proxy for genetic ancestry) is controlled in the model. Our results indicate that, at least on the studied sample, there is no relationship between socioeconomic stress (as intended as low socioeconomic status) and facial asymmetries