HUBUNGAN KADAR HORMON TRIIODOTHYRONINE DAN THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE SERUM DENGAN DERAJAT KEPARAHAN MELASMA DI RSUP DR.M.DJAMIL PADANG

Latar belakang: Melasma adalah hipermelanosis kronis didapat, merupakan gangguan kulit yang umum terjadi pada perempuan terutama pada area paparan sinar matahari. Etiologi melasma belum dipahami dengan baik, salah satu faktornya adalah hormon tiroid. Terdapat beberapa penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan melasma dengan gangguan tiroid namun memiliki hasil yang bervariasi. Penelitian ini mencari hubungan antara parameter hormon tiroid (triiodothyronine dan thyroid stimulating hormone) dengan derajat keparahan melasma. Tujuan penelitian: Untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar hormon triiodothyronine (T3) dan thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) serum dengan derajat keparahan melasma. Subyek dan metode penelitian: Tiga puluh enam perempuan dengan melasma berusia >18 tahun sebagai subyek penelitian memiliki pekerjaan dalam ruang di RSUP Dr.M.Djamil Padang. Kriteria eksklusi: hamil/menyusui, menggunakan kontrasepsi oral, menggunakan terapi hormonal, mendapat pengobatan antijamur sistemik dan antikonvulsan yang bersifat photosensitizer, dan sedang dalam pengobatan melasma topikal/sistemik. Didapat riwayat perlindungan terhadap matahari. Skor MASI dicatat. Kadar hormon T3 dan TSH serum diukur dengan metode electrochemiluminescence-immunoassay (ECLIA). Hasil penelitian: Usia rerata pasien melasma dalam penelitian ini: 45,52±8,11 tahun, paling banyak usia >50 tahun (50%). Tipe malar lebih banyak dibandingkan sentrofasial (61,1%), tidak ditemukan tipe mandibular. Melasma derajat ringan paling banyak ditemukan (19 orang) dari total 36 subyek penelitian. Rerata skor MASI: 21,46±10,40. Rerata kadar hormon T3 dan TSH serum: 1,578±0,282 nmol/l dan 1,773±1,457 µIU/L (p>0,05). Kesimpulan: Ditemukan rerata kadar hormon T3 dan TSH serum tidak berhubungan dengan derajat keparahan melasma, namun peningkatan kadar TSH sesuai dengan peningkatan derajat melasma, tetapi secara statistik tidak bermakna. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan cara memasukkan kriteria inklusi pasien hipotiroidisme yang memiliki melasma dibandingkan dengan pasien kontrol menggunakan metode cross-sectional comparative sampling dengan jumlah sampel masing-masing derajat keparahan melasma sama besar. Kata kunci: hormon triiodothyronine, thyroid stimulating hormone, derajat keparahan melasm

BASAL CELL CARCINOMA IN XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM IN AN 18.YEAR.OLD MALE

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomalrecessiye disorder that occurs becauseof inactivation of the xeroderma pigmentosum protein, which is an important DNA damagerecognition protein involved in DNA nucleotide excision repair (NER). This defect, whichprevents removal of a wide array of direct and indirect DNA /esions, is assocrafe d with adecrease in catalase activity. This photosensifive disarder resulfs in multipte face, neck andhead basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), squamous cell carcinomas (SCCsJ and melanomas whichis characterized by cellular hypersensitivity to ultraviolet radiation, development of cancers at anearly age, severe actinic cancer, and photophobia. As a common sfressor of skin, uttraviotet-B(UVB) induces a biphasic HIF-Iq variation through ROS generation in keratinocytes. Wereported a case of an 18-year-old-male with XP presented with BCC on the teft cheek. Thcpatient had hypo- and hyperpigmented macules since early childhood, throughout the body,more on sun exposed areas.AbstrakXeroderma pigmentosum (XP) adalah kelainan autosomal resesif yang jarang terjadidisebabkan oleh inaktivasi protein xeroderma pigmentosum yang merupakan protein pentingpengenal kerusakan DNA yang terlibat dalam nucleotide excision repair (NER) DNA. Defekini mencegah penghapusan beragam lesi DNA langsung dan tidak langsung, terkait denganpenurunan aktivitas katalase. Kelainan fotosensitivitas ini menyebabkan terjadinya basalkarsinoma sel (BCC), karsinoma sel skuamosa (SCC) dan melanoma pada wajah, leher dankepala yang ditandaidengan hipersensitivitas seluler radiasi ultraviolet, perkembangan kankerpada usia dini, kanker actinic yang berat, dan fot'ofobia. Ultraviolet-B (UVB) merupakan stressorpada kuit yang menginduksi variasi HIF-1q bifasik melalui generasi ROS dalam keratinosit.Kami melaporkan kasus XP dengan BCC di pipi kiri pada laki-laki berusia 18 tahun. Pasienmemiliki makula hipo- dan hiperpigmentasisejak masa kanak-kanak awal, seluruh tubuh, lebihpada daerah yang terpapar sinar matahari

KOMUNIKASI ANTAR LEMBAGA DAN DISEMINASI INFORMASI KPU DAN BAWASLU DALAM MESUKSESKAN PEMILU 2024

Penyelenggaran Pemilu 2024 memiliki tantangan yang kompleks berkaitan dengan pelaksaaan pemilihan serentak di tahun yang sama dan tahapan panjang pemilihan. KPU dan Bawaslu adalah dua lembaga penyelenggara pemilu yang bertanggung jawab dalam lancarnya proses pemilihan, jumlah partisipasi politik serta pemilu yang langsung, umum, bebas, rahasia, jujur, dan adil. Secara kelembagaan KPU dan Bawaslu adalah mitra dalam penyelenggaraan pemilihan sehingga komunikasi antar kelembagaan dalam bentuk diseminasi informasi menjadi sangat penting melalui peningkatan partisipasi pemilih serta mempertahankan kepercayaan masyarakat akan pemilu berintegritas. Penelitian ini bertujuan memaparkan diseminasi informasi menjadi bagian penting KPU dan Bawaslu memperkuat komunikasi dalam upaya memperkuat peran dan profesionalisme lembaga penyelenggara Pemilu. Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan analisis deskriftif. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan memperkuat peran kelembagaan, kemitraan komunikasi antara KPU dan Bawaslu dan komunikasi krisis yang dilakukan penyelenggaraan Pemilu dalam rangka diseminasi informasi. kata kunci : diseminasi informasi, penyelenggara pemilu, pemilu 2024, komunikasi krisi

No creative person is an island : organisational culture, academic project-based creativity, and the mediating role of intraorganisational social ties

This paper examines the relationship between perceptions of organisational culture, academics’ social embeddedness and their creative paper project output. It argues that the extent to which researchers working on paper projects are socially embedded through social ties with colleagues inside and outside their academic department (but within the same university) is a causal step linking organisational values and norms to creative outputs. This study does not, however, find support for the proposed mediating effects. Instead, results indicate that three organisational culture dimensions – i.e. performance orientation, environmental orientation and innovation support – affect employees’ creative project output through their social embeddedness outside the department (but within their own university). As the organisational culture and social embeddedness of employees outside the department are both contextual factors that matter (either indirectly or directly) for the generation of creative project outputs by researchers, this study concludes that “no creative person and no project is an island”.http://www.sajems.org/am2014ai201

Intersubject variability and induced gamma in the visual cortex: DCM with empirical Bayes and neural fields

This article describes the first application of a generic (empirical) Bayesian analysis of between‐subject effects in the dynamic causal modeling (DCM) of electrophysiological (MEG) data. It shows that (i) non‐invasive (MEG) data can be used to characterize subject‐specific differences in cortical microcircuitry and (ii) presents a validation of DCM with neural fields that exploits intersubject variability in gamma oscillations. We find that intersubject variability in visually induced gamma responses reflects changes in the excitation‐inhibition balance in a canonical cortical circuit. Crucially, this variability can be explained by subject‐specific differences in intrinsic connections to and from inhibitory interneurons that form a pyramidal‐interneuron gamma network. Our approach uses Bayesian model reduction to evaluate the evidence for (large sets of) nested models—and optimize the corresponding connectivity estimates at the within and between‐subject level. We also consider Bayesian cross‐validation to obtain predictive estimates for gamma‐response phenotypes, using a leave‐one‐out procedure

Different Origins of Gamma Rhythm and High-Gamma Activity in Macaque Visual Cortex

High-gamma (80–200 Hz) activity can be dissociated from gamma rhythms in the monkey cortex, and appears largely to reflect spiking activity in the vicinity of the electrode

Biased competition through variations in amplitude of γ-oscillations

Experiments in visual cortex have shown that the firing rate of a neuron in response to the simultaneous presentation of a preferred and non-preferred stimulus within the receptive field is intermediate between that for the two stimuli alone (stimulus competition). Attention directed to one of the stimuli drives the response towards the response induced by the attended stimulus alone (selective attention). This study shows that a simple feedforward model with fixed synaptic conductance values can reproduce these two phenomena using synchronization in the gamma-frequency range to increase the effective synaptic gain for the responses to the attended stimulus. The performance of the model is robust to changes in the parameter values. The model predicts that the phase locking between presynaptic input and output spikes increases with attention

Computational Neural Models of Spatial Integration in Perceptual Grouping

Recent developments in the neural computational modeling of perceptual grouping are described with reference to a newly proposed taxonomy to formalize mechanisms of spatial integration. This notational framework and nomenclature is introduced in or-der to clarify key properties common to all or most models, while permitting unique attributes of each approach to be independently examined. The strength of spatial integration in the models that are considered is always some function of the distances and relative alignments in perceptual space of the centers of units representing orien-tational features or energy in a visual scene. We discuss the signicance of variations of the constituents of an activation function for spatial integration, and also consider the larger modeling framework in which this function is applied in each approach. We also discuss the relationship of feedforward and feedback mechanisms and the issues of self-organization as core principles underlying the establishment of spatial integra-tion mechanisms. The relationship of the grouping models to models of other visual competencies is considered with respect to prospects for future research. 354 From Fragments to Object