Reactive Diffusion Model in Determining Dissolution Rate of Edible Electronics Materials

Edible electronic materials have emerged as an attractive research with broad potential applications. In the healthcare field, these materials can be utilized for diagnosing, monitoring, and treating organs within the gastrointestinal tract. A key characteristic of these materials is their ability to be digested and dissolved in water or bodily fluids. This study aims to theoretically investigate and predict the dissolution behavior of edible electronic materials using a one-dimensional (1D) reactive diffusion model. This model indicates that the dissolution behavior is governed by two primary parameters: the reaction rate constant (k) and the water diffusivity (D). Materials such as magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), and molybdenum (Mo) exhibit average dissolution rates ranging from 2.51 × 10-12 cm s-1 to 3.40 × 10-8 cm s-1 for diffusivity values between 10-17 and 10-10 cm2 s-1. In addition, the ratio of effective thickness to initial thickness (h/h0) increases and is influenced by the molar mass of the material, following the order Mo > Zn > Mg. The dissolution rate modeling results demonstrate that the reactive diffusion model is capable of representing trends that are consistent with experimental observations

ERRATUM: ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING SUCCESSFUL PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS TREATMENT AT STABAT HEALTH CENTER

Background: Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global public health problem, mainly affecting the lungs. Many factors are associated with the successful treatment of pulmonary TB patients. This study aims to analyze factors affecting the successful treatment of pulmonary TB at Stabat Health Center, Langkat District. Method: This observational analytic study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted from October 2024 to January 2025 at Stabat Health Center. All pulmonary TB patients diagnosed between 2022 and 2023 who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included using a total sampling approach. Data were collected from the Tuberculosis Information System and analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Results: The treatment success was significantly associated with comorbid diabetes mellitus (DM) and distance to health facility (p=0.003; OR=7.01 and p=0.022; OR=4.44, consecutively). In contrast, age, sex, occupation, comorbid HIV infection, and treatment status did not show a statistically significant association with treatment outcomes. Conclusion: Comorbid DM had the greatest effect on the success of pulmonary TB treatment at Stabat Health Center. TB patients with these comorbidities need special attention. Further research is needed to analyze other potential factors

Quantum Computing, Blockchain Technology and its Future Impact on Library Encryption Standards in Nigerian Libraries: Quantum Computing, Blockchain Technology and its Future Impact on Library Encryption Standards in Nigerian Libraries

The rapid evolution of information technologies is ushering in a new era for academic libraries, characterized by the simultaneous emergence of quantum computing and blockchain technology. This research investigated how these innovations could transform information management practices in Nigerian higher education libraries. The study adopts a quantitative methodology, surveying 242 librarians, computer scientists, librarians, computing specialists, and information technology officers working in university libraries to assess readiness and perception. Conversely, block chain technology offers a decentralized, immutable framework for secure digital rights management, verified academic credentials, and transparent collection development. Findings show moderate support for quantum computing in data encryption (mean=3.36, SD=1.05), but stronger endorsement for Blockchain in collection transparency (mean=3.73, SD=0.98) and bibliographic management (mean=3.74, SD=0.91). Challenges dominate, with high agreement on costs (mean=4.40, SD=0.80), skills gaps (mean=4.32, SD=0.79), and power issues (mean=4.43, SD=0.85). The paper concludes that for Nigerian libraries to remain relevant and secure, they must transition towards post-quantum cryptography while leveraging block chain for data integrity Based on these findings, the study recommends immediate formation of a national consortium among Nigerian tertiary libraries to pool resources for pilot projects in block chain-based archiving and to develop a roadmap for quantum-resistant security upgrades and the need for library administrators to prioritize building partnerships with technology departments, seek external funding for infrastructure upgrades, and develop comprehensive training programs to equip staff with necessary technical competencies for managing next-generation security systems

Interior Design of Riau Archipelago Cultural Information with Nautical Identity Approach

The diversity of culture and marine resources of the Riau Archipelago that exist and develop into local wisdom in the community is a potential regional tourism attraction that needs to be preserved. The current generation is less concerned in promoting and preserving the potential of local culture which is a local heritage and identity. The swift movement of globalization have a great influence on the existence of local culture and potential which causes the decrease of understanding, recognition and preservation of the culture. As of now, the facilities that can be used as a means of information about the Riau Archipelago are still inadequate. The purpose and benefits of the design in this study are to provide facilities that serve as a forum to support activities and the need for information and edutainment facilities for visitors. The research methodology used is a qualitative method by carrying out a survey and equipped with a literature study on the concept of local wisdom and cultural information center. The result of this research is the application of a design approach (Mengelana Pesona Bahari) which is dominated by design inspiration that processes in terms of color and form of nautical identity in the Riau Archipelago. As a result, this design is expected to contribute to disseminating and preserving information as well as to spread the culture of the Riau Archipelago and supporting regional tourism

Preparation and Characterization of Hierarchical Zeolite from Natural Zeolite Using Tandem Acid–Base Treatments

Hierarchical zeolite was successfully synthesized from Lampung natural zeolite via sequential tandem acid–base treatments. The combined dealumination–desilication approach generated additional mesoporosity while preserving the zeolite's crystalline framework, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms revealed a transformation from Type I to Type IV behavior, indicating successful mesoporous formation. The BET surface area increased from 4.795 to 16.855 m²/g, accompanied by a significant increase in mesopore volume. Elemental analysis showed that the Si/Al ratio decreased from 8.42 to 2.44 due to the dominant extraction of silicon during alkaline treatment. The modified zeolite (Zeolite-PTAB) exhibited enhanced Cu²⁺ adsorption capacity (19.3 mg/g) compared to raw zeolite (16.1 mg/g), with removal efficiency improving from 53.7% to 64.3%. These findings demonstrate that tandem acid–base treatment provides a simple and effective strategy for upgrading Indonesian natural zeolite into a hierarchical adsorbent for heavy-metal removal applications

A Gothic Analysis of India Stoker's Character Development in Film Stoker (2013)

This study analyzes the character development in the film Stoker. India Stoker was the leading character in the movie 'Stoker (2013)'. This study focuses on two research questions: how Stoker is portrayed in the film and how the transformation of India Stoker develops in the film. In analyzing the data, the portrayal of characters using the theory of nine ways proposed by MJ Murphy and the theory of Character development through the plot using the theory of structuralism by Seymour Chatman was used to identify character development in the film Stoker. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods. This research Data is in the form of dialogue and scenes from the transcript of the film Stoker. The source of data in this study is Stoker's Film. This study showed that India Stoker experienced character development from an innocent, isolated, and quiet character at the beginning of the plot. At the end of the story, the character undergoes transformation and development into a confident, independent, and psychopathic tendencies character. The conclusion of this study is that India Stoker, as the leading character, experiences character development along the plot of the film, but India Stoker's development is a negative character development. India Stoker decided to find her own identity and become a confident, Independent, and psychopath character

Implications of Business Certainty for Plantation Companies on Land Release PolicieshImplications of Business Certainty for Plantation Companies on Land Release Policiesh

This study analyzes the policy on the partial release of plantation land through the plasma partnership scheme and the Agrarian Reform Object Land (TORA) program from the perspective of legal certainty and the protection of business actors’ rights. The issue arises when the obligation to release land is imposed without a clear compensation mechanism, while companies have lawfully obtained Cultivation Rights (HGU) and invested long-term capital based on the granted land area and duration. This research employs a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that land release through plasma schemes and TORA does not explicitly regulate fair compensation, thereby potentially creating legal uncertainty and disrupting the investment climate. Normatively, any reduction or acquisition of land rights for public purposes should be carried out through land procurement or revocation mechanisms that require just and adequate compensation. The study concludes that it is necessary to reformulate land release policies based on proportionality and constitutional balance principles to ensure that agrarian reform remains aligned with Pancasila values while safeguarding justice and sustainable investment in the plantation sector

Differentiated Instruction: Integrating Content, Process, Product, and Learning Environment for Diverse Learners in English Language Teaching (ELT)

This research explores and simulates the integration of differentiated instruction elements of content, process, product, and learning environment in English Language Teaching (ELT) to accommodate the diverse readiness levels, interests, and learning profiles of students. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method. The analysis shows that differentiated instruction in English Language Teaching (ELT) involves four key components: content, process, product, and learning environment. Differentiating content means adjusting what students learn based on their readiness, interests, and language levels while keeping learning objectives consistent. For example, students may study the same topic—like daily routines or food—but use materials of varying complexity, from simple visuals to analytical texts. Differentiating the process involves varying how students engage with content, using diverse strategies that suit visual, auditory, kinesthetic, or interpersonal learners. This might include activities like acting, using images, or role-playing. Differentiating the product means giving students choices in how they demonstrate their learning—through writing, drawing, presenting, or creating digital content—allowing them to use their strengths while meeting the same goals. Lastly, differentiating the learning environment focuses on modifying the physical, emotional, and social classroom setting to support all learners. This could involve flexible seating, sensory-friendly spaces, and inclusive practices that reduce anxiety and promote engagement. Overall, these components help ELT more inclusive, engaging, and responsive to the diverse needs of students

Assessment of Healing Forest Potential for Nature-Based Tourism in Bogor Botanical Gardens

Healing forest activities, such as Bogor Botanical Gardens, have become increasingly popular among urban communities, especially those experiencing stress or seeking peace. Healing forests offer a calming effect on the body, soothe the mind, and create a sense of comfort that can help lower stress levels through relaxation activities immersed in nature (natural healing). This study aimed to identify potential areas suitable for forest-healing activities based on the standards outlined in the SNI 9006:2021. This study uses a mixed-method approach combined with field observations. The collected data were analyzed using a descriptive method. The results showed that one location, Area Six, has a strong potential for Healing Forest activities. Based on on-site analysis, activities that can be carried out in this area include yoga, forest walks, tree-hugging, and simply enjoying natural surroundings

Ritual Boras Si Pir Ni Tondi: Avoiding Problems or Misfortune in Life

This study aims to analyze the meaning of the boras si pir ni tondi ritual as a form of protection against danger or misfortune in Batak Toba society. This ritual is a hereditary tradition that continues to be preserved and is believed to possess spiritual power in restoring an individual’s condition after experiencing traumatic events. The research was conducted in two different settings, namely the urban area of Padang Bulan in Medan City and the rural area of Parbuluan Village, Dairi Regency, North Sumatra. A qualitative approach was employed using in-depth interviews with selected informants. The findings indicate that the boras si pir ni tondi ritual has multidimensional meanings, including spiritual aspects as a means of restoring the tondi (soul/spirit), psychological aspects in strengthening mental conditions, and social aspects as a form of adherence to customary norms and reinforcement of kinship solidarity. Furthermore, the ritual embodies symbolic meanings representing affection (holong) and hope for protection from future misfortune. In conclusion, this ritual functions as a holistic recovery mechanism integrating spiritual, psychological, and social dimensions within Batak Toba society