Hábitos não saudáveis entre agentes comunitários de saúde de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais: estudo transversal, 2018

Objective: To analyze the health-related habits of community health agents (CHA). Methods: Cross-sectional study in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 2018. Anthropometric, sociodemographic, labor and lifestyle characteristics were evaluated. Poisson regression was applied to calculate the prevalence ratio (PR) (and 95% confidence interval [95%CI]) of unhealthy habits by independent variables. Results: 675 CHA participated. In the health profile, 60.8% were overweight, 83.0% and 58.1% low consumption of fruits and vegetables, respectively. Physical inactivity was reported by 26.2%. 7.1% smokers were declared and 37.6% were drinking alcoholic beverages. The inadequate health habit was higher among males (PR=1.24 – 95%CI 1.05;1.45), younger (PR=1.19 – 95%CI 1.01;1.40) and without religion (PR=1.23 – 95%CI 1.04;1.45). Conclusion: There was a relevant prevalence of inadequate health habits among professionals, associated with sociodemographic factors.Objetivo: Analisar os hábitos relacionados à saúde dos agentes comunitários de saúde (ACS). Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brasil, em 2018. Avaliou-se as características antropométricas, sociodemográficas, laborais e de estilo de vida. Regressão de Poisson foi aplicada para calcular a razão de prevalência (RP) (e intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%]) dos hábitos não saudáveis pelas variáveis independentes. Resultados: Participaram 675 ACS. No perfil de saúde, 60,8% estavam com excesso de peso, 83,0% referiram baixo consumo de frutas e 58,1% declararam baixo consumo de verduras e legumes. A inatividade física foi relatada por 26,2%. Declaram-se fumantes 7,1% e 37,6% ingeriam bebidas alcóolicas. O hábito inadequado de saúde foi maior no sexo masculino (RP=1,24 – IC95% 1,05;1,45), nos mais jovens (RP=1,19 – IC95% 1,01;1,40) e naqueles sem religião (RP=1,23 – IC95% 1,04;1,45). Conclusão: Houve prevalência relevante de hábitos inadequados de saúde entre os profissionais, associado aos fatores sociodemográficos

Diagnósticos diferenciais das causas de hipercalemia em paciente admitida no Hospital Regional Dom Moura: Um relato de caso/Differential diagnosis of the causes of hyperkalemia in a patient admitted to Hospital Regional Dom Moura: A case report

O potássio é o principal íon intracelular com grande importância na fisiologia muscular e nervosa. Diversas são as causas de aumento nas concentrações séricas do potássio que podem causar: adinamia, fraqueza, sintomas cardiovasculares, alterações gastrointestinais e, em casos graves, insuficiência respiratória e parada cardiovascular. O artigo relata uma paciente de 84 anos que procurou o Hospital Regional Dom Moura (HRDM) com quadro de astenia e hipercalemia, discutindo a investigação etiológica

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved