Search for the production of dark matter in association with top-quark pairs in the single-lepton final state in proton-proton collisions at √s=8 TeV

Peer reviewe

Angular analysis of the decay B-0 -> K*(0)mu(+)mu(-) from pp collisions at root s=8 TeV

Peer reviewe

Variant histologies in bladder cancer: Does the centre have an impact in detection accuracy?

OBJECTIVE To compare the accuracy in detecting variant histologies (VH) at transurethral resection of bladder (TURB) and radical cystectomy (RC) specimen among tertiary referral centres, in order to investigate potential reasons of discrepancies from the pathological point of view. PATIENTS AND METHODS Clinical and histopathological data of TURB specimen and subsequent cystectomy specimen of 3,445 RC candidate patients have been retrospectively collected from 24 tertiary referral centres between 1980 and 2021. VH considered in the analysis were pure squamous cell carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation, pure adenocarcinoma, urothelial carcinoma with glandular differentiation, micropapillary bladder cancer (BCa), neuroendocrine BCa, and other variants. The degree of agreement between TURB and RC concerning the identification of VH was expressed as concordance, classified according to Cohen's kappa coefficient. RESULTS A VH was reported in 17% of TURB specimens, 45% of which were not confirmed in RC. The lowest concordance rate was reported for micropapillary BCa with 11 out of 18 (61%) centres reporting no agreement, whereas neuroendocrine BCa achieved the highest concordance rate with only 3 centres (17%) reporting no agreement. Our results shows that even among centres with the advantage of a referent uropathologist the micropapillary variant is characterized by scarce accuracy between TURB and RC. Differences in TURB specimen acquisition by the urologist and in sampling methods among different centres are the main limitations of the study. CONCLUSIONS Accuracy of TURB in detecting VH is poor for certain VH, in particular for micropapillary BCa, with evident variation among centres. Novel diagnostic tools are required to better identify these VH and drive patients toward a personalized treatment

Repeated biopsy in the detection of prostate cancer: When and how many cores

Purpose: We performed an analysis of the literature about the optimal prostate biopsy (PBX) scheme in the repeated setting Methods: We performed a clinical and critical literature review by searching Medline Database from January 2005 up to January 2014. Electronic searches were limited to the English language. The keywords were: prostate cancer, prostate biopsy, transrectal ultrasound, transperineal prostate biopsy. Results: The recommended approach in repeated setting is still the extended scheme (EPBx) (12 cores). An approach with more than 12 cores according to the clinical characteristics of the patients may optimize cancer detection. Saturation PBx (> 20 cores) clearly improves cancer detection if clinical suspicion persists after previous negative biopsy. Nevertheless international guidelines do not strongly recommended SPBx in all situations of repeated setting. EPBx or SPBX may be, in the future, substituted by multiparametric MRI-targeted biopsies. Conclusions: Since the scenario in which a PBx is changing, the issue about the number and location of the cores in PBx is still a matter of debate in repeated setting. At present, EPBx are still the gold standard even if SPBx seems to be necessary in many cases. However, random PBx does not represent the approach of the future, but rather imaging targeted biopsy

The Clinical Role of SRSF1 Expression in Cancer: A Review of the Current Literature

Background: SFRS1 is a member of the splicing factor protein family. Through a specific sequence of alteration, SRSF1 can move from the cytoplasm to the nucleus where it can work autonomously as a splicing activator, or as a silencer when interacting with other regulators. Alternative splicing (AS) is a fundamental biological process that ensures protein diversity. In fact, different proteins, produced by alternative splicing, can gain different and even antagonistic biological functions. Methods: Our review is based on English articles published in the MEDLINE/PubMed medical library between 2000 and 2021. We retrieved articles that were specifically related to SRSF1 and cancers, and we excluded other reviews and meta-analyses. We included in vitro studies, animal studies and clinical studies, evaluated using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI) and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale-Education (NOSE). Result: SRSF1 is related to various genes and plays a role in cell cycle, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, nucleotide excision repair, p53 pathway, apoptosis, DNA replication and RNA degradation. In most cases, SRSF1 carries out its cancer-related function via abnormal alternative splicing (AS). However, according to the most recent literature, SRSF1 may also be involved in mRNA translation and cancer chemoresistance or radio-sensitivity. Conclusion: Our results showed that SRSF1 plays a key clinical role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression in several types of cancer (such as Prostate, Lung, Breast, Colon, Glioblastoma), through various mechanisms of action and different cellular pathways. This review could be a starting point for several studies regarding the biology of and therapies for cancer