Efectos del género, la localización anatómica del tejido y la situación hormonal sobre la capacidad lipolítica del tejido adiposo blanco

El eje central de esta tesis ha sido el estudio de los efectos que ejercen el género, la localización anatómica del depósito y la situación fisiológica u hormonal sobre la capacidad lipolítica del TAB. En ratas control, la capacidad lipolítica es superior en el depósito gonadal (visceral) que en el inguinal (subcutáneo). La gestación provoca en el TAB una disminución de los niveles de los distintos elementos de la cascada lipolítica, aunque con diferencias entre depósitos, que podrían determinar su papel durante la gestación. En su conjunto, los resultados obtenidos durante el desarrollo de esta tesis permiten establecer la existencia de claras diferencias en las capacidades lipolíticas del tejido adiposo entre depósitos con distinta localización anatómica, así como entre géneros, tanto en una situación control, como en respuesta a la sobrealimentación, y en la gestación, pudiendo jugar el entorno hormonal un papel clave en estas diferencias.The general aim of this thesis was to study the effects of gender, anatomical tissue location and the physiological or hormonal status on WAT lipolytic capacity. In control rats, the lipolytic capacity is higher in gonadal (visceral) than in inguinal WAT (subcutaneous). Pregnancy leads to a decrease in the levels of the different elements of the lipolytic pathway in WAT, although with some differences between the depots, which could determine their role during pregnancy. In conclusion, the results reported in this thesis establish the existence of clear differences in WAT lipolytic capacity between fat depots from different anatomical locations, as well as between genders, both in a control situation and in response to overfeeding, and in pregnancy; differences in which the hormonal milieu could play a key role

Phenological Study of 53 Spanish Minority Grape Varieties to Search for Adaptation of Vitiviniculture to Climate Change Conditions

The main phenological stages (budburst, flowering, veraison, and ripeness) of 53 Spanish minority varieties were studied to determine their potential to help winegrowers adapt to climate change conditions. In total, 43 varieties were studied in the same location in Spain (Alcalá de Henares, in the Madrid region) and 10 varieties in 5 other regions (Galicia, Navarre, Catalonia, Extremadura, and Andalusia). Other traits of agronomic and oenological interest, such as yield and acidity, were also monitored. The results allow for the grouping of the varieties into several clusters according to the time of ripeness (very early—only for red varieties—and early, intermediate, and late, for both red and white varieties) and yield (high, medium, and low). The total acidity in the grape juice ranged from 3 to 11 g of tartaric acid/L. The average temperatures were higher (up to 3–4 °C during summer) compared to historical averages during the 1957–2021 time period. Advanced phenology phases and reduced acidity are regarded as negative effects of climate change for winegrowing practices. Since some minority varieties showed late or intermediate ripening, high acidity, and high (1 Kg/shoot) or medium (0.5 Kg/shoot) yield, our findings suggest that they may be cultivated in the coming years by winegrowers as an approach to mitigate climate change effects.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Compartir ideas, la universidad va al instituto. Análisis de la primera edición de un proyecto de aprendizaje servicio transversal a la Universidad de Barcelona

Esta comunicación presenta las principales claves de análisis y evaluación de la 1a edición del proyecto Compartir Ideas. La Universidad va al instituto. Este es un proyecto de aprendizaje servicio transversal que consiste en un ciclo de conferencias-taller impartidas por estudiantes de la UB sobre temes de interés general relacionados con sus estudios. El objetivo es compartir conocimientos y conversar sobre un tema que la universidad trabaja y que será relevante para la formación del alumnado de secundaria.El proyecto cuenta con el apoyo del Vicerectorado de Política Docente y Lingüística de la Universitat de Barcelona

Phenological Study of 53 Spanish Minority Grape Varieties to Search for Adaptation of Vitiviniculture to Climate Change Conditions

The main phenological stages (budburst, flowering, veraison, and ripeness) of 53 Spanish minority varieties were studied to determine their potential to help winegrowers adapt to climate change conditions. In total, 43 varieties were studied in the same location in Spain (Alcalá de Henares, in the Madrid region) and 10 varieties in 5 other regions (Galicia, Navarre, Catalonia, Extremadura, and Andalusia). Other traits of agronomic and oenological interest, such as yield and acidity, were also monitored. The results allow for the grouping of the varieties into several clusters according to the time of ripeness (very early—only for red varieties—and early, intermediate, and late, for both red and white varieties) and yield (high, medium, and low). The total acidity in the grape juice ranged from 3 to 11 g of tartaric acid/L. The average temperatures were higher (up to 3–4 °C during summer) compared to historical averages during the 1957–2021 time period. Advanced phenology phases and reduced acidity are regarded as negative effects of climate change for winegrowing practices. Since some minority varieties showed late or intermediate ripening, high acidity, and high (1 Kg/shoot) or medium (0.5 Kg/shoot) yield, our findings suggest that they may be cultivated in the coming years by winegrowers as an approach to mitigate climate change effects.Project RTI2018-101085-R-C31, “Valorization of Minority Grapevine Varieties for their Potential for Wine Diversification and Resilience to Climate Change (MINORVIN),” funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and by the ERDF, A Way to Make Europe.Peer reviewe

Molecular regulation of auditory hair cell death and approaches to protect sensory receptor cells and/or stimulate repair following acoustic trauma

International audienceLoss of auditory sensory hair cells (HCs) is the most common cause of hearing loss. This review addresses the signaling pathways that are involved in the programmed and necrotic cell death of auditory HCs that occur in response to ototoxic and traumatic stressor events. The roles of inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, cell death receptors, members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathway and pro- and anti-cell death members of the Bcl-2 family are explored. The molecular interaction of these signal pathways that initiates the loss of auditory HCs following acoustic trauma is covered and possible therapeutic interventions that may protect these sensory HCs from loss via apoptotic or non-apoptotic cell death are explored

Effectiveness of Fosfomycin for the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Bacteremic Urinary Tract Infections

IMPORTANCE The consumption of broad-spectrum drugs has increased as a consequence of the spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli. Finding alternatives for these infections is critical, for which some neglected drugs may be an option. OBJECTIVE To determine whether fosfomycin is noninferior to ceftriaxone or meropenem in the targeted treatment of bacteremic urinary tract infections (bUTIs) due to MDR E coli. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This multicenter, randomized, pragmatic, open clinical trial was conducted at 22 Spanish hospitals from June 2014 to December 2018. Eligible participants were adult patients with bacteremic urinary tract infections due to MDR E coli; 161 of 1578 screened patients were randomized and followed up for 60 days. Data were analyzed in May 2021. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized 1 to 1 to receive intravenous fosfomycin disodium at 4 g every 6 hours (70 participants) or a comparator (ceftriaxone or meropenem if resistant; 73 participants) with the option to switch to oral fosfomycin trometamol for the fosfomycin group or an active oral drug or pa renteral ertapenem for the comparator group after 4 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was clinical and microbiological cure (CMC) 5 to 7 days after finalization of treatment; a noninferiority margin of 7% was considered. RESULTS Among 143 patients in the modified intention-to-treat population (median [IQR] age, 72 [62-81] years; 73 [51.0%] women), 48 of 70 patients (68.6%) treated with fosfomycin and 57 of 73 patients (78.1%) treated with comparators reached CMC (risk difference, -9.4 percentage points; 1-sided 95% CI, -21.5 to infinity percentage points; P = .10). While clinical or microbiological failure occurred among 10 patients (14.3%) treated with fosfomycin and 14 patients (19.7%) treated with comparators (risk difference, -5.4 percentage points; 1-sided 95% CI. -infinity to 4.9; percentage points; P = .19), an increased rate of adverse event-related discontinuations occurred with fosfomycin vs comparators (6 discontinuations [8.5%] vs 0 discontinuations; P = .006). In an exploratory analysis among a subset of 38 patients who underwent rectal colonization studies, patients treated with fosfomycin acquired a new ceftriaxone-resistant or meropenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria at a decreased rate compared with patients treated with comparators (0 of 21 patients vs 4 of 17 patients [23.5%]; 1-sided P = .01). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study found that fosfomycin did not demonstrate noninferiority to comparators as targeted treatment of bUTI from MDR E coli; this was due to an increased rate of adverse event-related discontinuations. This finding suggests that fosfomycin may be considered for selected patients with these infections

Compartir ideas. La Universidad va al Instituto: un proyecto de aprendizaje- servicio transversal de la Universidad de Barcelona

Compartir ideas. La universidad va al instituto es un proyecto de aprendizaje servicio transversal de la Universidad de Barcelona. Este representa una propuesta de aprendizaje servicio que bajo una estructura común permite la participación de estudiantes y profesorado de distintas disciplinas en un mismo proyecto. El aprendizaje servicio (ApS) es una propuesta formativa que permite el desarrollo de diferentes tipos de aprendizajes a partir de la implicación en necesidades sociales reales con la intención de transformarlas (Tapia, 2001; Martínez, 2008; Puig, 2009). En este tipo de proyectos están presentes simultáneamente la intencionalidad pedagógica y la intencionalidad solidaria. Se pueden definir como experiencias educativas solidarias protagonizadas por estudiantes, que tienen como objetivo atender a una necesidad de los destinatarios a la vez que planificar y mejorar la calidad de los aprendizajes (Tapia, 2006)

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Efectos del género, la localización anatómica del tejido y la situación hormonal sobre la capacidad lipolítica del tejido adiposo blanco

El eje central de esta tesis ha sido el estudio de los efectos que ejercen el género, la localización anatómica del depósito y la situación fisiológica u hormonal sobre la capacidad lipolítica del TAB. En ratas control, la capacidad lipolítica es superior en el depósito gonadal (visceral) que en el inguinal (subcutáneo). La gestación provoca en el TAB una disminución de los niveles de los distintos elementos de la cascada lipolítica, aunque con diferencias entre depósitos, que podrían determinar su papel durante la gestación. En su conjunto, los resultados obtenidos durante el desarrollo de esta tesis permiten establecer la existencia de claras diferencias en las capacidades lipolíticas del tejido adiposo entre depósitos con distinta localización anatómica, así como entre géneros, tanto en una situación control, como en respuesta a la sobrealimentación, y en la gestación, pudiendo jugar el entorno hormonal un papel clave en estas diferencias.The general aim of this thesis was to study the effects of gender, anatomical tissue location and the physiological or hormonal status on WAT lipolytic capacity. In control rats, the lipolytic capacity is higher in gonadal (visceral) than in inguinal WAT (subcutaneous). Pregnancy leads to a decrease in the levels of the different elements of the lipolytic pathway in WAT, although with some differences between the depots, which could determine their role during pregnancy. In conclusion, the results reported in this thesis establish the existence of clear differences in WAT lipolytic capacity between fat depots from different anatomical locations, as well as between genders, both in a control situation and in response to overfeeding, and in pregnancy; differences in which the hormonal milieu could play a key role

El perfil fenólico: una herramienta para la caracterización e investigación del potencial enológico de las variedades minoritarias tintas

Proyecto Valorización de variedades minoritarias de vid por su potencial para la diversificación vitivinícola y de resiliencia al cambio climático (MINORVIN), RTI2018-101085-R-C31, 32 y 33 financiado por MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 y por FEDER – Una manera de hacer Europa.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio