Global Agrifood Value Chains and Local Poverty Reduction: What Happens to Those Who Don’t Plug In?

Structural changes in the global agrifood value chain have transformed food production in developing countries including Indonesia. One element of this is the spread of supermarket retailing. By increasing the demand for and returns to higher quality produce, this development has the potential to improve living standards in a sector where poverty has been persistent. Many studies have shown the magnitude of price premiums available to farmers who sell to supermarkets. However, little attention has been paid to how the introduction of a supermarket retailer affects those farmers who continue to sell to traditional market channels. Our data suggests that in regions where there are both modern and traditional buyers, competition effects result in the immiserization of farmers who continue to sell to traditional markets. This result underlines the fact that while sectorial transformation has desirable poverty reduction potential, actual impacts are lumpy. The distribution of farmer participation in a region may result in a case where the upgrading of agrifood supply chains can increase poverty in the absence of policy interventions

The Merchant Privileged Christian Lawyer of Venice

This paper won a first place writing flag award in the critical/persuasive category. It was written for Elon Lang's CTI 350 class, "Masterworks of World Drama".The word Merchant in the title should be crossed out. Software limitations prevent us from doing so in this system.Lang, ElonUndergraduate Studie

Upaya Peningkatan Kompetensi Sosial Guru PPKn Di SMP Negeri 2 Baraka Kabupaten Enrekang

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh data: (1) upaya yang dilakukan dalam peningkatan kompetensi sosial guru PPKn di SMP Negeri 2 Baraka Kabupaten Enrekang. (2) Kendala-kendala yang dihadapi guru PPKn dalam peningkatan kompetensi sosial di SMP Negeri 2 Baraka Kabupaten Enrekang. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif dan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer yaitu guru PPKn di SMP Negeri 2 Baraka yang berjumlah satu orang Sedangkan data sekundernya berupa dokumen. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi: Wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian kualitatif ini yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) upaya peningkatan kompetensi sosial guru PPKn di SMP Negeri 2 Baraka Kabupaten Enrekang, yaitu Mengikuti pelatihan berkomunikasi yang dilakukan dalam Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran (MGMP); Melakukan kursus komputer yang dilakukan sendiri; Berinteraksi secara efektif dengan sesama pendidik, orang tua/wali peserta didik dan peserta didik, melalui kegiatan rapat dengan sesama pendidik; Mengikuti pertemuan dengan orang tua/wali siswa disekolah; Melakukan diskusi dengan siswa; Melakukan kunjungan ke rumah siswa (home visit); bergaul secara santun dengan masyarakat sekitar. Namun upaya-upaya tersebut belum maksimal dalam peningkatan kompetensi sosial guru di SMP Negeri 2 Baraka Kabupaten Enrekang (2) Kendala yang dihadapi guru PPKn dalam peningkatan kompetensi sosial di SMP Negeri 2 Baraka Kabupaten Enrekang yaitu guru merangkap sebagai petani kebun sehingga minimnya waktu untuk berbaur dengan masyarakat sekitar; Guru berperan sebagai sekertaris pembangunan masjid Madata sehingga kurangnya waktu untuk berinteraksi dengan masyarakat; Kurangnya pemahaman guru terhadap pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (ITC) guna melancarkan pembelajaran dan memperluas komunikasi dalam hal ini leptop dan LCD

Impact of a Lower Oil Subsidy on Indonesian Macroeconomic Performance, Agricultural Sector and Poverty Incidences: a Recursive Dynamic Computable General Equilibrium Analysis

Budget deficit, exchange rate fluctuation and high fuel world price provides a pressure on budget capacity to stimulate the Indonesian economy. The government has designed several fiscal policies, including reducing the fuel subsidy. The study objective is to analyse the impact of reducing fuel subsidy on macroeconomic variables, agricultural sector, and income distribution. The modification on the basic model, which is a recursive-dynamic CGE model, is made in this study. The data used in the model is of the Indonesian I-O Table 2000, The Indonesian Social Accounting Matrix 2000, National Household Survey data and parameter from some other sources. The results show that the reduction in fuel price subsidy tends to increase prices of industrial outputs that highly depend on fuel, such as transportation and fishery sectors. In contrast, the change in fuel price does not influence the price of paddy. Wage of skilled labor, land rent, and capital rent decline steadily in response to the change in fuel price. Households will lose their income following the reduction in fuel subsidy, which then decreases the welfare of households. Incomes are not evenly distributed within the society (household groups). An increased fuel price at consumer level declines the Indonesian real GDP. The government should give the compensation of reducing the fuel subsidy directly to the poor people. The compensation can also be given directly to the poor people through the development of infrastructure, which may solve some supply side bottlenecks in the economy.Fuel subsidy, income distribution, recursive dynamic CGE

The Analysis of Financial Performance Using Economic Value Added (Eva) and Market Value Added (Mva) Methods and Its Influence on Stock Return of Transportation Company Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange

This study was conducted to examine the effect of Economic Value Added (EVA) and Market Value Added (MVA) and Its Effect on Stock Return. The research sample was taken from 5 transport company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange that have been through the process in accordance with the criteria of sample or random sampling method. Data analysis methods used in the study panel data analysis method using Eviews program. Results showed partial EVA has no real effect, with significant values of 0.2661, while MVA and significant influence on Return Stocks with significant value of 0.0463 as indicated by the results of the test statistic t. While simultaneously or jointly Economic Value Added (EVA) and Market Value Added (MVA) influence on Stock Return, this is evidenced by the results of the test statistic f the significant value of 0.038

Nilai-Nilai edukatif dalam Novel Derap-Derap Tasbih Karya Hadi S.Khuli:Tinjauan Sosiologi Sastra

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk (1) mendeskripsikan struktur yang membangun novel Derap-Derap Tasbih karya Hadi S. khuli dan (2) mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai edukatif yang tergambar dalam novel Derap-Derap Tasbih karya Hadi S. Khuli dengan mengunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan objek penelitian adalah nilai-nilai edukatif novel Derap-Derap Tasbih karya Hadi S. Khuli. Data penelitian berupa kata-kata, frasa, kalimat, dan wacana yang terdapat dalam novel Derap-Derap Tasbih karya Hadi S. Khuli terbitan Diva Press, Yogyakarta, tahun 2007. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik pustaka dan teknik catat. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan model pembacaan semiotik yang terdiri atas pembacaan heuristik dan hermeneutik. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan pendekatan strukturalisme, yaitu tema: perjuangan dalam merajut cita dan cinta. Alur yang digunakan adalah alur maju. Tokoh-tokoh dalam novel yaitu Fatih, Wardah, Kiai Sahal, Nyai badriyah, Ibu isah, Cak Ud, Haris, Dian, Hendra dan Ibu Hartini . Fatih sebagai tokoh utama merupakan tokoh yang mendominasi cerita dalam novel. Latar tempat: Wonogiri, Yogyakarta dan Surabaya. Latar Waktu: sekitar tahun 2005 sampai tahun 2007. Latar suasana menceriterakan kehidupan sosial masyarakat golongan menengah ke atas, pemuda-pamudi yang diceritakan dalam tokoh-tokoh ini sebagian besar mengenyam pendidikan pada jenjang Perguruan Tinggi. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan tinjauan sosiologi sastra, yaitu nilai-nilai edukatif dalam novel Derap-Derap Tasbih karya Hadi S. Khuli: (1) Nilai cinta kasih sayang yang dapat dipetik dari novel Derap-Derap Tasbih antara lain menciptakan dan memelihara hubungan manusia yang mulia dan mendalam ditunjukkan oleh sikap Fatih dan Dian yang saling menyanyangi. Nilai cinta dan kasih sayang juga dapat dilihat pada setiap orang melalui sikap kebaikannya dapat dilihat dari sikap Haris sang sahabat Fatih yang begitu baik dan perhatian terhadap Fatih. (2) Nilai kerja sama ditunjukkan oleh tokoh Fatih yang bekerja sama dengan penerbit Dunia Kata yang dikelola oleh Cak Ud. (3) Nilai kerendahan hati ditunjukkan oleh sikap Kiai Sahal dan Nyai Badriyah yang sabar menerima cobaan yang menimpa keluarganya, serta berserah diri dan bertawakal kepada Allah SWT. (4) Nilai tanggung jawab ditunjukkan oleh tokoh Fatih yang bertanggung jawab untuk menyelesaikan pendidikan atas beasiswa yang telah diraihnya demi mencapai cita-citanya dan bisa membanggakan orang tua, sekalipun itu memerlukan pengorbanan untuk berpisah sementara dengan wanita yang dicintainya

PEMBUATAN DAN PENGUJIAN ASAP CAIR DARI TEMPURUNG KELAPA DAN TONGKOL JAGUNG SEBAGAI BAHAN PENGAWET IKAN

This study aims to find out the mass of coconut shell charcoal and corn cobs mass with the volume of liquid smoke produced, the utilization of liquid smoke from coconut shell and corn cob so that it can be used as fish preservative and fish quality resulting from addition of liquid smoke process. The parameters measured in this study were the ratio of mixture of the number of coconut shell and corn cob, the test of liquid smoke produced. The tested parameters of quality resulting from liquid smoke are seen from the smell, texture, color, odor and taste of the fish so that bias is said to be a good fish preservative with conventional breathing, immersion with liquid smoke and salt water immersion. Filtration using active Zeloit tools as well as Activated Carbon. Based on the results of the comparison of the material with the volume of liquid smoke produced from coconut shell and corn cob with each mass 7000 gr, 8000 gr, and 15000 gr is 200 ml, 210 ml, 500 ml. And for testing that is that fish that use conventional curing can survive with long and good result. Keywords: Conventional fumigation, active zeloit substances, activated carbon substances, and cork fish

Asymmetry in Farm-retail Price Transmission: the Case of Chili Industry in Indonesia

A decade of strong economic growth and rapid urbanization are transforming Indonesia's food retail sector. In particular, supermarkets and related modern retail outlets are reorganizing how high value fruit and vegetable supply chains operate, effecting quantities, varieties, quality and prices. Among the agricultural development issues facing Indonesia's policymakers are efficiency and distributional consequences of these transforming fruit and vegetable markets. This study examines asymmetric price transmission in Chili supply chains to assess emerging market failures and potential equity implications for producers and consumers. The Indonesian government recognizes Chilies as one of its 10 priority crops. Chilies are produced by more than 400,000 small scale producers and are an essential ingredient in the Indonesian daily diet. Historically, Chili markets have exhibited large price fluctuations in Indonesia. Two methods for examining asymmetric price transmission are compared using monthly data over an 18 year period in Java: Houck's model and the Error Correction Model (ECM). Although commonly believed that modern retail sectors are increasing market power and influencing prices, both models suggest that there is no price asymmetry issue in the Chili supply chain in Indonesia