Diabetes mellitus gestacional: una aproximación a los conceptos actuales sobre estrategias diagnósticas

La diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) es un estado de intolerancia a los carbohidratos que se reconoce por primera vez durante la gestación. Los criterios iniciales para su diagnóstico fueron establecidos hace más de 50 años por O’Sullivan and Mahan, desde entonces se les han hecho modificaciones. En la actualidad, para el diagnóstico se tienen en cuenta dos métodos: el enfoque de un paso, consistente en una prueba de tolerancia oral a la glucosa (PTOG) de 2 horas con 75g de glucosa, y el enfoque de dos pasos, que se compone por una prueba de tamizaje inicial con 50g de glucosa y una PTOG con 100g de glucosa si el tamizaje fue positivo. Ambos enfoques diagnósticos han sido justificados por consensos de expertos, sin embargo aún no se ha establecido un concepto absoluto sobre qué método aplicar; para la elección del método, el clínico debe tener en cuenta diversos factores. Este artículo propone hacer una descripción histórica y exponer el estado actual del diagnóstico de la DMG.Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a state of carbohydrate intolerance that is first recognized during pregnancy. The initial criteria for diagnosis were established more than 50 years ago by O’Sullivan and Mahan, and since then, some modifications have been made. Currently, diagnosis considers two methods: the onestep approach, consisting of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for 2 hours with 75g of glucose, and the two-step approach, which involves an initial screening test with 50g of glucose and OGTT with 100g of glucose if screening is positive. Both diagnostic approaches have been justified by expert consensus; however, an absolute concept about the method to be applied has not been established yet. To select a method, the clinician must take into account various factors. This paper proposes a historical overview and the presentation of the current status of GDM diagnosis

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a review of current diagnostic strategies concepts

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a state of carbohydrate intolerance that is first recognized during pregnancy. The initial criteria for diagnosis were established more than 50 years ago by O’Sullivan & Mahan, and since then, some modifications have been made. Currently, diagnosis considers two methods: the onestep approach, consisting of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for 2 hours with 75g of glucose, and the two-step approach, which involves an initial screening test with 50g of glucose and OGTT with 100g of glucose if screening is positive. Both diagnostic approaches have been justified by expert consensus; however, an absolute concept about the method to be applied has not been established yet. To select a method, the clinician must take into account various factors. This paper proposes a historical overview and the presentation of the current status of GDM diagnosis

The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study

AimThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery.MethodsThis was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January-April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin.ResultsOverall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P ConclusionOne in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease

Delaying surgery for patients with a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection

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